* delete unused file

fix(ci): normalize notary key secret for rcodesign

Revert "fix(ci): normalize notary key secret for rcodesign"

This reverts commit 34eb5acb5379a039306c04ddbdbd329de58aa9f6.

Revert "fix(ci): use official rcodesign binary in macOS workflows"

This reverts commit a81dcb4f902cdc5930895eb4aee61ff1af91cbac.

Revert "ci: parallel macOS CGO launcher build, lowercase Docker tags, conditional Docker Hub login (#2643)"

This reverts commit 9fba52d0fa.

.dockerignore

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# Do NOT exclude LICENSE or .github — scripts/copydir.go uses them as repo-root anchors
+# during `go generate`, which runs inside `make build` in the Dockerfile.
 .git
 .gitignore
 build/
@@ -6,5 +8,4 @@ config/
 .env
 .env.example
 *.md
-LICENSE
 assets/

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Ensure shell scripts always use LF line endings regardless of OS.
+*.sh text eol=lf
+docker/entrypoint.sh text eol=lf

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ jobs:
         with:
           go-version-file: go.mod
 
-      - name: Build
+      - name: Build core binaries
         run: make build-all

.github/workflows/create-tag.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+name: Create Tag
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      tag:
+        description: "Tag name (required, e.g. v0.2.0)"
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      commit:
+        description: "Target commit SHA (leave empty for latest main)"
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+
+jobs:
+  create-tag:
+    name: Create Git Tag
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          ref: main
+
+      - name: Validate commit exists
+        if: ${{ inputs.commit != '' }}
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          if ! git cat-file -t "${{ inputs.commit }}" &>/dev/null; then
+            echo "::error::Commit '${{ inputs.commit }}' does not exist."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Check tag does not already exist
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          if gh api "repos/${{ github.repository }}/git/ref/tags/${{ inputs.tag }}" --silent 2>/dev/null; then
+            echo "::error::Tag '${{ inputs.tag }}' already exists."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Create and push tag
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          TARGET="${{ inputs.commit || 'HEAD' }}"
+          COMMIT_SHA=$(git rev-parse "$TARGET")
+          git config user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config user.email "github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+          git tag -a "${{ inputs.tag }}" "$COMMIT_SHA" -m "Release ${{ inputs.tag }}"
+          git push origin "${{ inputs.tag }}"
+          echo "### Tag Created" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo "- **Tag:** \`${{ inputs.tag }}\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo "- **Commit:** \`${COMMIT_SHA}\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo "- **Branch:** \`$(git branch -r --contains "$COMMIT_SHA" | head -1 | xargs)\`" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"

.github/workflows/create_dmg.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+name: Create macOS DMG
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Build ${{ matrix.arch }}
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        # This creates two parallel jobs
+        arch: [arm64, amd64]
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          ref: main
+
+      # 1. Install Go from go.mod
+      - name: Setup Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+        with:
+          go-version-file: go.mod
+
+      - name: Setup pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
+        with:
+          version: 10.33.0
+          run_install: false
+
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+        with:
+          node-version: 22
+          cache: pnpm
+          cache-dependency-path: web/frontend/pnpm-lock.yaml
+
+      # 3. Build the application bundle
+      - name: Build with Make
+        run: make build ARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} && make build-macos-app ARCH=${{ matrix.arch }}
+
+      # 4. Apply ad-hoc signing
+      - name: Ad-hoc Sign
+        run: codesign --force --deep --sign - "build/PicoClaw Launcher.app"
+
+      # 5. Install the DMG packaging tool
+      - name: Install create-dmg
+        run: brew install create-dmg
+
+      # 6. Create the DMG
+      - name: Create DMG
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p dist
+          create-dmg \
+            --volname "PicoClaw Installer" \
+            --window-pos 200 120 \
+            --window-size 800 400 \
+            --icon-size 100 \
+            --icon "PicoClaw Launcher.app" 200 190 \
+            --hide-extension "PicoClaw Launcher.app" \
+            --app-drop-link 600 185 \
+            "dist/picoclaw-${{ matrix.arch }}.dmg" \
+            "build/PicoClaw Launcher.app"
+
+      # 7. Upload the DMG as a GitHub artifact
+      - name: Upload DMG
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: macos-dmg-${{ matrix.arch }}
+          path: dist/*.dmg

.github/workflows/nightly.yml

@@ -47,16 +47,21 @@ jobs:
         with:
           go-version-file: go.mod
 
+      - name: Setup pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
+        with:
+          version: 10.33.0
+          run_install: false
+
       - name: Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
           node-version: 22
-
+          cache: pnpm
-      - name: Setup pnpm
+          cache-dependency-path: web/frontend/pnpm-lock.yaml
-        run: corepack enable && corepack prepare pnpm@latest --activate
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
@@ -75,11 +80,14 @@ jobs:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
 
+      - name: Install zip
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y zip
+
       - name: Create local tag for GoReleaser
         run: git tag "${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}"
 
       - name: Run GoReleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v7
         with:
           distribution: goreleaser
           version: ~> v2
@@ -90,6 +98,7 @@ jobs:
           DOCKERHUB_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ vars.DOCKERHUB_REPOSITORY }}
           GOVERSION: ${{ steps.setup-go.outputs.go-version }}
           GORELEASER_CURRENT_TAG: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+          INCLUDE_ANDROID_BUNDLE: "true"
           NIGHTLY_BUILD: "true"
           MACOS_SIGN_P12: ${{ secrets.MACOS_SIGN_P12 }}
           MACOS_SIGN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.MACOS_SIGN_PASSWORD }}
@@ -123,7 +132,7 @@ jobs:
 
           # Collect release artifacts from goreleaser dist/
           ASSETS=()
-          for f in dist/*.tar.gz dist/*.zip dist/*.deb dist/*.rpm dist/checksums.txt; do
+          for f in dist/*.tar.gz dist/*.zip dist/*.deb dist/*.rpm dist/checksums.txt build/picoclaw-android-universal.zip; do
             [ -f "$f" ] && ASSETS+=("$f")
           done
 
@@ -135,4 +144,3 @@ jobs:
             --prerelease \
             --latest=false \
             "${ASSETS[@]}"
-

.github/workflows/pr.yml

@@ -23,10 +23,13 @@ jobs:
         uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v9
         with:
           version: v2.10.1
+          args: --build-tags=goolm,stdjson
 
   vuln_check:
     name: Security Check
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      GOFLAGS: -tags=goolm,stdjson
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -38,10 +41,11 @@ jobs:
         with:
           go-version-file: go.mod
 
+      - name: Install govulncheck
+        run: go install golang.org/x/vuln/cmd/govulncheck@v1.1.4
+
       - name: Run Govulncheck
-        uses: golang/govulncheck-action@v1
+        run: govulncheck -C . -format text ./...
-        with:
-          go-package: ./...
 
   test:
     name: Tests
@@ -59,4 +63,4 @@ jobs:
         run: go generate ./...
 
       - name: Run go test
-        run: go test ./...
+        run: go test -tags goolm,stdjson ./...

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-name: Create Tag and Release
+name: Release
 
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
     inputs:
       tag:
-        description: "Release tag (required, e.g. v0.2.0)"
+        description: "Existing tag to release (e.g. v0.2.0)"
         required: true
         type: string
       prerelease:
@@ -24,35 +24,23 @@ on:
         default: true
 
 jobs:
-  create-tag:
-    name: Create Git Tag
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      contents: write
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-
-      - name: Create and push tag
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          RELEASE_TAG: ${{ inputs.tag }}
-        run: |
-          git config user.name "github-actions[bot]"
-          git config user.email "github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
-          git tag -a "$RELEASE_TAG" -m "Release $RELEASE_TAG"
-          git push origin "$RELEASE_TAG"
-
   release:
     name: GoReleaser Release
-    needs: create-tag
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
       contents: write
       packages: write
     steps:
+      - name: Verify tag exists
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          if ! gh api "repos/${{ github.repository }}/git/ref/tags/${{ inputs.tag }}" --silent 2>/dev/null; then
+            echo "::error::Tag '${{ inputs.tag }}' does not exist. Create it first using the 'Create Tag' workflow."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
       - name: Checkout tag
         uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
@@ -65,16 +53,21 @@ jobs:
         with:
           go-version-file: go.mod
 
+      - name: Setup pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v6
+        with:
+          version: 10.33.0
+          run_install: false
+
       - name: Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
           node-version: 22
-
+          cache: pnpm
-      - name: Setup pnpm
+          cache-dependency-path: web/frontend/pnpm-lock.yaml
-        run: corepack enable && corepack prepare pnpm@latest --activate
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
@@ -93,8 +86,11 @@ jobs:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
 
+      - name: Install zip
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y zip
+
       - name: Run GoReleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v7
         with:
           distribution: goreleaser
           version: ~> v2
@@ -104,6 +100,7 @@ jobs:
           GITHUB_REPOSITORY_OWNER: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
           DOCKERHUB_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ vars.DOCKERHUB_REPOSITORY }}
           GOVERSION: ${{ steps.setup-go.outputs.go-version }}
+          INCLUDE_ANDROID_BUNDLE: "true"
           MACOS_SIGN_P12: ${{ secrets.MACOS_SIGN_P12 }}
           MACOS_SIGN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.MACOS_SIGN_PASSWORD }}
           MACOS_NOTARY_ISSUER_ID: ${{ secrets.MACOS_NOTARY_ISSUER_ID }}

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+name: Close stale issues and PRs
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    # Run daily at 03:00 JST (18:00 UTC)
+    - cron: "0 18 * * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  issues: write
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  stale:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Mark and close stale issues and PRs
+        uses: actions/stale@v10
+        with:
+          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+          # ── Issue: 7 days inactive → stale; 7 more days → close ──
+          days-before-issue-stale: 7
+          days-before-issue-close: 7
+          stale-issue-label: "stale"
+          stale-issue-message: >
+            This issue has had no activity for 7 days and has been marked as stale.
+            If it is still relevant, please reply or update; otherwise it will be
+            closed automatically in 7 days.
+          close-issue-message: >
+            This issue has been closed after 14 days of inactivity.
+            If it is still needed, feel free to reopen it anytime.
+          close-issue-reason: "not_planned"
+
+          # ── PR: 7 days inactive → stale; 7 more days → close ──
+          days-before-pr-stale: 7
+          days-before-pr-close: 7
+          stale-pr-label: "stale"
+          stale-pr-message: >
+            This PR has had no activity for 7 days and has been marked as stale.
+            If you are still working on it, please push an update or leave a comment;
+            otherwise it will be closed automatically in 7 days.
+          close-pr-message: >
+            This PR has been closed after 14 days of inactivity.
+            If you would like to continue, feel free to reopen it or submit a new PR.
+
+          # ── Protected labels (exempt from stale processing) ──
+          exempt-issue-labels: "pinned,keep-open,wip,do-not-close,type: roadmap"
+          exempt-pr-labels: "pinned,keep-open,wip,do-not-close,type: roadmap"
+
+          # ── Exempt draft PRs ──
+          exempt-draft-pr: true
+
+          # ── Remove stale label when activity resumes ──
+          remove-stale-when-updated: true
+          remove-issue-stale-when-updated: true
+          remove-pr-stale-when-updated: true
+
+          # ── Scan oldest items first so old stale items are not starved ──
+          ascending: true
+
+          # ── Throttle: max operations per run ──
+          operations-per-run: 500

.gitignore

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ build/
 # Secrets & Config (keep templates, ignore actual secrets)
 .env
 config/config.json
+.security.yml
+onboard
+
 
 # Test
 coverage.txt
@@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ tasks/
 
 # Plans
 docs/plans/
+docs/superpowers/
 
 # Editors
 .vscode/
@@ -51,8 +55,21 @@ dist/
 
 # Windows Application Icon/Resource
 *.syso
+.cache/
+web/frontend/.pnpm-store/
+_tmp_*
+web/frontend/_tmp_*
+
+# Test telegram integration
+cmd/telegram/
 
 # Keep embedded backend dist directory placeholder in VCS
 !web/backend/dist/
 web/backend/dist/*
 !web/backend/dist/.gitkeep
+
+.claude/
+
+docker/data
+
+.omc/

.golangci.yaml

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ linters:
     - exhaustruct
     - funcorder
     - gochecknoglobals
+    - gosmopolitan  # Project legitimately uses CJK text in tests (FTS5, token counting)
     - godot
     - intrange
     - ireturn
@@ -61,6 +62,9 @@ linters:
     - usestdlibvars
     - usetesting
   settings:
+    gomoddirectives:
+      replace-allow-list:
+        - github.com/bwmarrin/discordgo
     errcheck:
       check-type-assertions: true
       check-blank: true

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -2,26 +2,31 @@
 # vim: set ts=2 sw=2 tw=0 fo=cnqoj
 version: 2
 
+git:
+  ignore_tags:
+    - nightly
+    - ".*-nightly.*"
+
 before:
   hooks:
-    - go mod tidy
     - go generate ./...
-    - sh -c 'cd web/frontend && pnpm install && pnpm build:backend'
+    - sh -c 'cd web/frontend && CI=true pnpm install --frozen-lockfile && pnpm build:backend'
-    - go install github.com/tc-hib/go-winres@latest
+    - sh -c 'GOBIN="$(go env GOPATH)/bin"; mkdir -p "$GOBIN"; go install github.com/tc-hib/go-winres@v0.3.3 && "$GOBIN/go-winres" make --in web/backend/winres/winres.json --out web/backend/rsrc --product-version={{ .Version }} --file-version={{ .Version }}'
-    - go-winres make --in web/backend/winres/winres.json --out web/backend/rsrc --product-version={{ .Version }} --file-version={{ .Version }}
+    - sh -c 'if [ "${INCLUDE_ANDROID_BUNDLE:-}" = "true" ]; then make build-android-bundle; fi'
 
 builds:
   - id: picoclaw
     env:
       - CGO_ENABLED=0
     tags:
+      - goolm
       - stdjson
     ldflags:
       - -s -w
       - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.Version={{ .Version }}
       - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.GitCommit={{ .ShortCommit }}
       - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.BuildTime={{ .Date }}
-      - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.GoVersion={{ .Env.GOVERSION }}
+      - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.GoVersion={{ with index .Env "GOVERSION" }}{{ . }}{{ else }}unknown{{ end }}
     goos:
       - linux
       - windows
@@ -57,9 +62,14 @@ builds:
     env:
       - CGO_ENABLED=0
     tags:
+      - goolm
       - stdjson
     ldflags:
       - -s -w
+      - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.Version={{ .Version }}
+      - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.GitCommit={{ .ShortCommit }}
+      - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.BuildTime={{ .Date }}
+      - -X github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config.GoVersion={{ with index .Env "GOVERSION" }}{{ . }}{{ else }}unknown{{ end }}
     goos:
       - linux
       - windows
@@ -90,44 +100,6 @@ builds:
       - goos: netbsd
         goarch: arm
 
-  - id: picoclaw-launcher-tui
-    binary: picoclaw-launcher-tui
-    env:
-      - CGO_ENABLED=0
-    tags:
-      - stdjson
-    ldflags:
-      - -s -w
-    goos:
-      - linux
-      - windows
-      - darwin
-      - freebsd
-      - netbsd
-    goarch:
-      - amd64
-      - arm64
-      - riscv64
-      - loong64
-      - arm
-      - s390x
-      - mipsle
-    goarm:
-      - "6"
-      - "7"
-    gomips:
-      - softfloat
-    main: ./cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui
-    ignore:
-      - goos: windows
-        goarch: arm
-      - goos: netbsd
-        goarch: s390x
-      - goos: netbsd
-        goarch: mips64
-      - goos: netbsd
-        goarch: arm
-
 dockers_v2:
   - id: picoclaw
     dockerfile: docker/Dockerfile.goreleaser
@@ -151,7 +123,6 @@ dockers_v2:
     ids:
       - picoclaw
       - picoclaw-launcher
-      - picoclaw-launcher-tui
     images:
       - "ghcr.io/{{ .Env.GITHUB_REPOSITORY_OWNER }}/picoclaw"
       - 'docker.io/{{ .Env.DOCKERHUB_IMAGE_NAME }}'
@@ -169,7 +140,6 @@ notarize:
       ids:
         - picoclaw
         - picoclaw-launcher
-        - picoclaw-launcher-tui
       sign:
         certificate: "{{.Env.MACOS_SIGN_P12}}"
         password: "{{.Env.MACOS_SIGN_PASSWORD}}"
@@ -200,7 +170,6 @@ nfpms:
     ids:
       - picoclaw
       - picoclaw-launcher
-      - picoclaw-launcher-tui
     package_name: picoclaw
     file_name_template: >-
       {{ .PackageName }}_
@@ -237,6 +206,8 @@ changelog:
 
 release:
   disable: '{{ isEnvSet "NIGHTLY_BUILD" }}'
+  extra_files:
+    - glob: ./build/picoclaw-android-universal.zip
   footer: >-
 
     ---

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ We are committed to maintaining a welcoming and respectful community. Be kind, c
 
 For substantial new features, please open an issue first to discuss the design before writing code. This prevents wasted effort and ensures alignment with the project's direction.
 
+For documentation contributions, prefer the layout and naming conventions in [`docs/README.md`](docs/README.md). Run `make lint-docs` after adding or moving Markdown files to catch common consistency issues early.
+
 ---
 
 ## Getting Started
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ For substantial new features, please open an issue first to discuss the design b
 ```bash
 make build       # Build binary (runs go generate first)
 make generate    # Run go generate only
-make check       # Full pre-commit check: deps + fmt + vet + test
+make check       # Full pre-commit check: deps + fmt + vet + test + docs consistency checks
 ```
 
 ### Running Tests
@@ -81,9 +83,10 @@ go test -bench=. -benchmem -run='^$' ./...  # Run benchmarks
 make fmt   # Format code
 make vet   # Static analysis
 make lint  # Full linter run
+make lint-docs  # Check common documentation layout and naming conventions
 ```
 
-All CI checks must pass before a PR can be merged. Run `make check` locally before pushing to catch issues early.
+All CI checks must pass before a PR can be merged. Run `make check` locally before pushing to catch issues early, including the common docs consistency checks from `make lint-docs`.
 
 ---
 
@@ -108,7 +111,7 @@ Use descriptive branch names, e.g. `fix/telegram-timeout`, `feat/ollama-provider
 - Reference the related issue when relevant: `Fix session leak (#123)`.
 - Keep commits focused. One logical change per commit is preferred.
 - For minor cleanups or typo fixes, squash them into a single commit before opening a PR.
-- Refer to https://www.conventionalcommits.org/zh-hans/v1.0.0/
+- Refer to [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/)
 
 ### Keeping Up to Date
 

Makefile

@@ -1,23 +1,54 @@
-.PHONY: all build install uninstall clean help test
+.PHONY: all build install uninstall clean help test build-all lint-docs
 
 # Build variables
 BINARY_NAME=picoclaw
 BUILD_DIR=build
 CMD_DIR=cmd/$(BINARY_NAME)
 MAIN_GO=$(CMD_DIR)/main.go
+EXT=
+
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+	POWERSHELL=powershell -NoProfile -Command
+	WINDOWS_GOARCH_RAW:=$(strip $(shell go env GOARCH 2>NUL))
+endif
 
 # Version
-VERSION?=$(shell git describe --tags --always --dirty 2>/dev/null || echo "dev")
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-GIT_COMMIT=$(shell git rev-parse --short=8 HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo "dev")
+	VERSION_RAW:=$(strip $(shell git describe --tags --always --dirty 2>NUL))
-BUILD_TIME=$(shell date +%FT%T%z)
+	GIT_COMMIT_RAW:=$(strip $(shell git rev-parse --short=8 HEAD 2>NUL))
-GO_VERSION=$(shell $(GO) version | awk '{print $$3}')
+	BUILD_TIME_RAW:=$(strip $(shell powershell -NoProfile -Command "Get-Date -Format 'yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ssK'"))
+	GO_VERSION_RAW:=$(strip $(shell go env GOVERSION 2>NUL))
+else
+	VERSION_RAW:=$(strip $(shell git describe --tags --always --dirty 2>/dev/null))
+	GIT_COMMIT_RAW:=$(strip $(shell git rev-parse --short=8 HEAD 2>/dev/null))
+	BUILD_TIME_RAW:=$(strip $(shell date +%FT%T%z))
+	GO_VERSION_RAW:=$(strip $(shell go env GOVERSION 2>/dev/null))
+endif
+VERSION?=$(if $(VERSION_RAW),$(VERSION_RAW),dev)
+GIT_COMMIT=$(if $(GIT_COMMIT_RAW),$(GIT_COMMIT_RAW),dev)
+BUILD_TIME=$(if $(BUILD_TIME_RAW),$(BUILD_TIME_RAW),dev)
+GO_VERSION=$(if $(GO_VERSION_RAW),$(GO_VERSION_RAW),unknown)
 CONFIG_PKG=github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config
 LDFLAGS=-X $(CONFIG_PKG).Version=$(VERSION) -X $(CONFIG_PKG).GitCommit=$(GIT_COMMIT) -X $(CONFIG_PKG).BuildTime=$(BUILD_TIME) -X $(CONFIG_PKG).GoVersion=$(GO_VERSION) -s -w
 
 # Go variables
-GO?=CGO_ENABLED=0 go
+GO?=go
 WEB_GO?=$(GO)
-GOFLAGS?=-v -tags stdjson
+CGO_ENABLED?=0
+GO_BUILD_TAGS?=goolm,stdjson
+GOFLAGS?=-v -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS)
+GOCACHE?=$(CURDIR)/.cache/go-build
+GOMODCACHE?=$(CURDIR)/.cache/go-mod
+GOTOOLCHAIN?=local
+export CGO_ENABLED
+export GOCACHE
+export GOMODCACHE
+export GOTOOLCHAIN
+comma:=,
+empty:=
+space:=$(empty) $(empty)
+GO_BUILD_TAGS_NO_GOOLM:=$(subst $(space),$(comma),$(strip $(filter-out goolm,$(subst $(comma),$(space),$(GO_BUILD_TAGS)))))
+GOFLAGS_NO_GOOLM?=-v -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS_NO_GOOLM)
 
 # Patch MIPS LE ELF e_flags (offset 36) for NaN2008-only kernels (e.g. Ingenic X2600).
 #
@@ -41,6 +72,13 @@ define PATCH_MIPS_FLAGS
 	fi
 endef
 
+# Patch creack/pty for loong64 support (upstream doesn't have ztypes_loong64.go)
+PTY_PATCH_LOONG64=pty_dir=$$(go env GOMODCACHE)/github.com/creack/pty@v1.1.9; \
+	if [ -d "$$pty_dir" ] && [ ! -f "$$pty_dir/ztypes_loong64.go" ]; then \
+		chmod +w "$$pty_dir" 2>/dev/null || true; \
+		printf '//go:build linux && loong64\npackage pty\ntype (_C_int int32; _C_uint uint32)\n' > "$$pty_dir/ztypes_loong64.go"; \
+	fi
+
 # Golangci-lint
 GOLANGCI_LINT?=golangci-lint
 
@@ -56,9 +94,24 @@ WORKSPACE_DIR?=$(PICOCLAW_HOME)/workspace
 WORKSPACE_SKILLS_DIR=$(WORKSPACE_DIR)/skills
 BUILTIN_SKILLS_DIR=$(CURDIR)/skills
 
+LNCMD=ln -sf
+
 # OS detection
-UNAME_S:=$(shell uname -s)
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-UNAME_M:=$(shell uname -m)
+	UNAME_S=Windows
+	ifeq ($(WINDOWS_GOARCH_RAW),amd64)
+		UNAME_M=x86_64
+	else ifeq ($(WINDOWS_GOARCH_RAW),arm64)
+		UNAME_M=arm64
+	else ifeq ($(WINDOWS_GOARCH_RAW),386)
+		UNAME_M=x86
+	else
+		UNAME_M=$(if $(WINDOWS_GOARCH_RAW),$(WINDOWS_GOARCH_RAW),x86_64)
+	endif
+else
+	UNAME_S?=$(shell uname -s)
+	UNAME_M?=$(shell uname -m)
+endif
 
 # Platform-specific settings
 ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
@@ -80,17 +133,54 @@ ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
 	endif
 else ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
 	PLATFORM=darwin
-	WEB_GO=CGO_ENABLED=1 go
+	WEB_GO=CGO_LDFLAGS="-mmacosx-version-min=10.11" CGO_CFLAGS="-mmacosx-version-min=10.11" CGO_ENABLED=1 go
 	ifeq ($(UNAME_M),x86_64)
-		ARCH=amd64
+		ARCH?=amd64
 	else ifeq ($(UNAME_M),arm64)
-		ARCH=arm64
+		ARCH?=arm64
 	else
-		ARCH=$(UNAME_M)
+		ARCH?=$(UNAME_M)
 	endif
 else
 	PLATFORM=$(UNAME_S)
-	ARCH=$(UNAME_M)
+	ifeq ($(UNAME_M),x86_64)
+		ARCH?=amd64
+	else
+	    ARCH?=$(UNAME_M)
+	endif
+	# Detect Windows (Git Bash / MSYS2)
+    IS_WINDOWS:=$(if $(findstring MINGW,$(UNAME_S)),yes,$(if $(findstring MSYS,$(UNAME_S)),yes,$(if $(findstring CYGWIN,$(UNAME_S)),yes,no)))
+	ifeq ($(IS_WINDOWS),yes)
+	    EXT=.exe
+	    LNCMD=cp
+	else ifeq ($(UNAME_S),windows) # failsafe for force windows build in other OS using UNAME_S=windows
+		EXT=.exe
+	endif
+
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+	PLATFORM=windows
+	ifeq ($(UNAME_M),x86_64)
+		ARCH?=amd64
+	else ifeq ($(UNAME_M),arm64)
+		ARCH?=arm64
+	else
+		ARCH?=$(UNAME_M)
+	endif
+	EXT=.exe
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(strip $(GOOS)),)
+	PLATFORM:=$(GOOS)
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(strip $(GOARCH)),)
+	ARCH:=$(GOARCH)
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(PLATFORM),windows)
+	EXT=.exe
 endif
 
 BINARY_PATH=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH)
@@ -101,44 +191,65 @@ all: build
 ## generate: Run generate
 generate:
 	@echo "Run generate..."
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+	@$(POWERSHELL) "if (Test-Path -LiteralPath './$(CMD_DIR)/workspace') { Remove-Item -LiteralPath './$(CMD_DIR)/workspace' -Recurse -Force }"
+	@$(POWERSHELL) "$$env:GOOS=''; $$env:GOARCH=''; $(GO) generate ./..."
+else
 	@rm -r ./$(CMD_DIR)/workspace 2>/dev/null || true
-	@$(GO) generate ./...
+	@GOOS=$$($(GO) env GOHOSTOS) GOARCH=$$($(GO) env GOHOSTARCH) $(GO) generate ./...
+endif
 	@echo "Run generate complete"
 
 ## build: Build the picoclaw binary for current platform
 build: generate
-	@echo "Building $(BINARY_NAME) for $(PLATFORM)/$(ARCH)..."
+	@echo "Building $(BINARY_NAME)$(EXT) for $(PLATFORM)/$(ARCH)..."
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+	@$(POWERSHELL) "New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path '$(BUILD_DIR)' | Out-Null"
+	@$(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BINARY_PATH)$(EXT) ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	@$(POWERSHELL) "Copy-Item -LiteralPath '$(BINARY_PATH)$(EXT)' -Destination '$(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)$(EXT)' -Force"
+else
 	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
-	@$(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BINARY_PATH) ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	@GOOS=$(PLATFORM) GOARCH=$(ARCH) $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BINARY_PATH)$(EXT) ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	@echo "Build complete: $(BINARY_PATH)"
+	@echo "Build complete: $(BINARY_PATH)$(EXT)"
-	@ln -sf $(BINARY_NAME)-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH) $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)
+	@$(LNCMD) $(BINARY_NAME)-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH)$(EXT) $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)$(EXT)
+endif
+	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)$(EXT)"
 
 ## build-launcher: Build the picoclaw-launcher (web console) binary
 build-launcher:
 	@echo "Building picoclaw-launcher for $(PLATFORM)/$(ARCH)..."
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+	@$(POWERSHELL) "New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path '$(BUILD_DIR)' | Out-Null"
+	@$(MAKE) -C web build PLATFORM="$(PLATFORM)" ARCH="$(ARCH)" EXT="$(EXT)" OUTPUT="$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH)$(EXT)" GO_BUILD_TAGS="$(GO_BUILD_TAGS)"
+	@$(POWERSHELL) "Copy-Item -LiteralPath '$(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH)$(EXT)' -Destination '$(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher$(EXT)' -Force"
+else
 	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
-	@if [ ! -f web/backend/dist/index.html ]; then \
+	@GOOS=$(PLATFORM) GOARCH=$(ARCH) $(MAKE) -C web build \
-		echo "Building frontend..."; \
+		OUTPUT="$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH)$(EXT)" \
-		cd web/frontend && pnpm install && pnpm build:backend; \
+		WEB_GO='$(WEB_GO)' \
-	fi
+		GO_BUILD_TAGS='$(GO_BUILD_TAGS)' \
-	@$(WEB_GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -o $(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH) ./web/backend
+		LDFLAGS='$(LDFLAGS)'
-	@ln -sf picoclaw-launcher-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH) $(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher
+	@$(LNCMD) picoclaw-launcher-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH)$(EXT) $(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher$(EXT)
-	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher"
+endif
+	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher$(EXT)"
+
+build-launcher-frontend:
+	@$(MAKE) -C web build-frontend
 
 ## build-whatsapp-native: Build with WhatsApp native (whatsmeow) support; larger binary
 build-whatsapp-native: generate
 ## @echo "Building $(BINARY_NAME) with WhatsApp native for $(PLATFORM)/$(ARCH)..."
 	@echo "Building for multiple platforms..."
 	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-amd64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS),whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-amd64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS),whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS),whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=loong64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-loong64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=loong64 $(GO) build -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS),whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-loong64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=riscv64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-riscv64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=riscv64 $(GO) build -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS),whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-riscv64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=mipsle GOMIPS=softfloat $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=mipsle GOMIPS=softfloat $(GO) build -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS_NO_GOOLM),whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	$(call PATCH_MIPS_FLAGS,$(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle)
-	GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-darwin-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS),whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-darwin-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-windows-amd64.exe ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS),whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-windows-amd64.exe ./$(CMD_DIR)
 ## @$(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -tags whatsapp_native -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BINARY_PATH) ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	@echo "Build complete"
 ##	@ln -sf $(BINARY_NAME)-$(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH) $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)
@@ -147,45 +258,79 @@ build-whatsapp-native: generate
 build-linux-arm: generate
 	@echo "Building for linux/arm (GOARM=7)..."
 	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm"
 
 ## build-linux-arm64: Build for Linux ARM64 (e.g. Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W 64-bit)
 build-linux-arm64: generate
 	@echo "Building for linux/arm64..."
 	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64"
 
 ## build-linux-mipsle: Build for Linux MIPS32 LE
 build-linux-mipsle: generate
 	@echo "Building for linux/mipsle (softfloat)..."
 	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=mipsle GOMIPS=softfloat $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=mipsle GOMIPS=softfloat $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS_NO_GOOLM) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	$(call PATCH_MIPS_FLAGS,$(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle)
 	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle"
 
+## build-android-arm64: Build core for Android ARM64
+build-android-arm64: generate
+	@echo "Building for android/arm64..."
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	GOOS=android GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -tags stdjson -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-android-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-android-arm64"
+
+## build-launcher-android-arm64: Build launcher for Android ARM64
+build-launcher-android-arm64:
+	@echo "Building picoclaw-launcher for android/arm64..."
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	@$(MAKE) -C web build-android-arm64 \
+		OUTPUT_ANDROID_ARM64="$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher-android-arm64" \
+		GO='$(GO)' \
+		LDFLAGS='$(LDFLAGS)'
+	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher-android-arm64"
+
+## build-android-bundle: Build core and launcher for all Android architectures and package as universal zip
+build-android-bundle: generate
+	@echo "Building core for all Android architectures..."
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	GOOS=android GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -tags stdjson -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-android-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	@echo "Building launcher for Android arm64..."
+	@$(MAKE) build-launcher-android-arm64
+	@echo "Staging JNI libs..."
+	@rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)/android-staging
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)/android-staging/arm64-v8a
+	@cp $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-android-arm64 $(BUILD_DIR)/android-staging/arm64-v8a/libpicoclaw.so
+	@cp $(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-launcher-android-arm64 $(BUILD_DIR)/android-staging/arm64-v8a/libpicoclaw-web.so
+	@cd $(BUILD_DIR)/android-staging && zip -r ../picoclaw-android-universal.zip .
+	@rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)/android-staging
+	@echo "All Android builds complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/picoclaw-android-universal.zip"
+
 ## build-pi-zero: Build for Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W (32-bit and 64-bit)
 build-pi-zero: build-linux-arm build-linux-arm64
 	@echo "Pi Zero 2 W builds: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm (32-bit), $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 (64-bit)"
 
-## build-all: Build picoclaw for all platforms
+## build-all: Build the picoclaw core binary for all Makefile-managed platforms
 build-all: generate
 	@echo "Building for multiple platforms..."
 	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-amd64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-amd64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=loong64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-loong64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	@$(PTY_PATCH_LOONG64)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=riscv64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-riscv64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=loong64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-loong64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=mipsle GOMIPS=softfloat $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=riscv64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-riscv64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=mipsle GOMIPS=softfloat $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS_NO_GOOLM) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle ./$(CMD_DIR)
 	$(call PATCH_MIPS_FLAGS,$(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-mipsle)
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-armv7 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-linux-armv7 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-darwin-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-darwin-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-windows-amd64.exe ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-windows-amd64.exe ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=netbsd GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-netbsd-amd64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=netbsd GOARCH=amd64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-netbsd-amd64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	GOOS=netbsd GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-netbsd-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
+	GOOS=netbsd GOARCH=arm64 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINARY_NAME)-netbsd-arm64 ./$(CMD_DIR)
-	@echo "All builds complete"
+	@echo "Core builds complete"
 
 ## install: Install picoclaw to system and copy builtin skills
 install: build
@@ -216,31 +361,40 @@ uninstall-all:
 ## clean: Remove build artifacts
 clean:
 	@echo "Cleaning build artifacts..."
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+	@$(POWERSHELL) "if (Test-Path -LiteralPath '$(BUILD_DIR)') { Remove-Item -LiteralPath '$(BUILD_DIR)' -Recurse -Force }"
+else
 	@rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)
+endif
 	@echo "Clean complete"
 
 ## vet: Run go vet for static analysis
 vet: generate
-	@packages="$$(go list ./...)" && \
+	@packages="$$($(GO) list $(GOFLAGS) ./...)" && \
-		$(GO) vet $$(printf '%s\n' "$$packages" | grep -v '^github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/web/')
+		$(GO) vet $(GOFLAGS) $$(printf '%s\n' "$$packages" | grep -v '^github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/web/')
 	@cd web/backend && $(WEB_GO) vet ./...
 
 ## test: Test Go code
 test: generate
-	@$(GO) test $$(go list ./... | grep -v github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/web/)
+	@$(GO) test $(GOFLAGS) $$($(GO) list $(GOFLAGS) ./... | grep -v github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/web/)
 	@cd web && make test
 
 ## fmt: Format Go code
 fmt:
 	@$(GOLANGCI_LINT) fmt
 
+## lint-docs: Check common documentation layout and naming conventions
+lint-docs:
+	@./scripts/lint-docs.sh
+
 ## lint: Run linters
 lint:
-	@$(GOLANGCI_LINT) run
+	@$(GOLANGCI_LINT) run --build-tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS)
+	@./scripts/lint-docs.sh
 
 ## fix: Fix linting issues
 fix:
-	@$(GOLANGCI_LINT) run --fix
+	@$(GOLANGCI_LINT) run --fix --build-tags $(GO_BUILD_TAGS)
 
 ## deps: Download dependencies
 deps:
@@ -252,8 +406,8 @@ update-deps:
 	@$(GO) get -u ./...
 	@$(GO) mod tidy
 
-## check: Run vet, fmt, and verify dependencies
+## check: Run deps, fmt, vet, tests, and docs consistency checks
-check: deps fmt vet test
+check: deps fmt vet test lint-docs
 
 ## run: Build and run picoclaw
 run: build
@@ -297,6 +451,36 @@ docker-clean:
 	docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.full.yml down -v
 	docker rmi picoclaw:latest picoclaw:full 2>/dev/null || true
 
+
+## build-macos-app: Build PicoClaw macOS .app bundle (no terminal window)
+build-macos-app:build-launcher
+	@echo "Building macOS .app bundle..."
+	@if [ "$(UNAME_S)" != "Darwin" ]; then \
+		echo "Error: This target is only available on macOS"; \
+		exit 1; \
+	fi
+	@./scripts/build-macos-app.sh $(PLATFORM)-$(ARCH)
+	@echo "macOS .app bundle created: $(BUILD_DIR)/PicoClaw.app"
+
+## mem: Build membench, download LOCOMO data (if needed), run benchmark, and show results
+mem:
+	@echo "Building membench..."
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	@$(GO) build -o $(BUILD_DIR)/membench ./cmd/membench
+	@echo "Build complete: $(BUILD_DIR)/membench"
+	@if [ ! -f $(BUILD_DIR)/memdata/locomo10.json ]; then \
+		echo "Downloading LOCOMO dataset..."; \
+		mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)/memdata; \
+		curl -sfL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/snap-research/locomo/main/data/locomo10.json" \
+			-o $(BUILD_DIR)/memdata/locomo10.json && [ -s $(BUILD_DIR)/memdata/locomo10.json ] || { echo "Error: LOCOMO download failed"; exit 1; }; \
+		echo "Download complete"; \
+	else \
+		echo "LOCOMO dataset already exists, skipping download"; \
+	fi
+	@echo "Running benchmark..."
+	@rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)/memout
+	@$(BUILD_DIR)/membench run --data $(BUILD_DIR)/memdata --out $(BUILD_DIR)/memout --budget 4000
+
 ## help: Show this help message
 help:
 	@echo "picoclaw Makefile"

README.zh.md

@@ -1,937 +0,0 @@
-<div align="center">
-<img src="assets/logo.webp" alt="PicoClaw" width="512">
-
-<h1>PicoClaw: 基于Go语言的超高效 AI 助手</h1>
-
-<h3>10$硬件 · 10MB内存 · 1秒启动 · 皮皮虾，我们走！</h3>
-  <p>
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Go-1.21+-00ADD8?style=flat&logo=go&logoColor=white" alt="Go">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Arch-x86__64%2C%20ARM64%2C%20MIPS%2C%20RISC--V-blue" alt="Hardware">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-green" alt="License">
-    <br>
-    <a href="https://picoclaw.io"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Website-picoclaw.io-blue?style=flat&logo=google-chrome&logoColor=white" alt="Website"></a>
-    <a href="https://docs.picoclaw.io/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Docs-Official-007acc?style=flat&logo=read-the-docs&logoColor=white" alt="Docs"></a>
-    <a href="https://deepwiki.com/sipeed/picoclaw"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Wiki-DeepWiki-FFA500?style=flat&logo=wikipedia&logoColor=white" alt="Wiki"></a>
-    <br>
-    <a href="https://x.com/SipeedIO"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/X_(Twitter)-SipeedIO-black?style=flat&logo=x&logoColor=white" alt="Twitter"></a>
-    <a href="./assets/wechat.png"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/WeChat-Group-41d56b?style=flat&logo=wechat&logoColor=white"></a>
-    <a href="https://discord.gg/V4sAZ9XWpN"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Discord-Community-4c60eb?style=flat&logo=discord&logoColor=white" alt="Discord"></a>
-  </p>
-
-**中文** | [日本語](README.ja.md) | [Português](README.pt-br.md) | [Tiếng Việt](README.vi.md) | [Français](README.fr.md) | [English](README.md)
-
-</div>
-
----
-
-🦐 **PicoClaw** 是一个受 [nanobot](https://github.com/HKUDS/nanobot) 启发的超轻量级个人 AI 助手。它采用 **Go 语言** 从零重构，经历了一个“自举”过程——即由 AI Agent 自身驱动了整个架构迁移和代码优化。
-
-⚡️ **极致轻量**：可在 **10 美元** 的硬件上运行，内存占用 **<10MB**。这意味着比 OpenClaw 节省 99% 的内存，比 Mac mini 便宜 98%！
-
-<table align="center">
-<tr align="center">
-<td align="center" valign="top">
-<p align="center">
-<img src="assets/picoclaw_mem.gif" width="360" height="240">
-</p>
-</td>
-<td align="center" valign="top">
-<p align="center">
-<img src="assets/licheervnano.png" width="400" height="240">
-</p>
-</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-
-注意：人手有限，中文文档可能略有滞后，请优先查看英文文档。
-
-> [!CAUTION]
-> **🚨 SECURITY & OFFICIAL CHANNELS / 安全声明**
->
-> - **无加密货币 (NO CRYPTO):** PicoClaw **没有** 发行任何官方代币、Token 或虚拟货币。所有在 `pump.fun` 或其他交易平台上的相关声称均为 **诈骗**。
-> - **官方域名:** 唯一的官方网站是 **[picoclaw.io](https://picoclaw.io)**，公司官网是 **[sipeed.com](https://sipeed.com)**。
-> - **警惕:** 许多 `.ai/.org/.com/.net/...` 后缀的域名被第三方抢注，请勿轻信。
-> - **注意:** picoclaw正在初期的快速功能开发阶段，可能有尚未修复的网络安全问题，在1.0正式版发布前，请不要将其部署到生产环境中
-> - **注意:** picoclaw最近合并了大量PRs，近期版本可能内存占用较大(10~20MB)，我们将在功能较为收敛后进行资源占用优化.
-
-## 📢 新闻 (News)
-
-2026-02-16 🎉 PicoClaw 在一周内突破了12K star! 感谢大家的关注！PicoClaw 的成长速度超乎我们预期. 由于PR数量的快速膨胀，我们亟需社区开发者参与维护. 我们需要的志愿者角色和roadmap已经发布到了[这里](docs/ROADMAP.md), 期待你的参与！
-
-2026-02-13 🎉 **PicoClaw 在 4 天内突破 5000 Stars！** 感谢社区的支持！由于正值中国春节假期，PR 和 Issue 涌入较多，我们正在利用这段时间敲定 **项目路线图 (Roadmap)** 并组建 **开发者群组**，以便加速 PicoClaw 的开发。
-🚀 **行动号召：** 请在 GitHub Discussions 中提交您的功能请求 (Feature Requests)。我们将在接下来的周会上进行审查和优先级排序。
-
-2026-02-09 🎉 **PicoClaw 正式发布！** 仅用 1 天构建，旨在将 AI Agent 带入 10 美元硬件与 <10MB 内存的世界。🦐 PicoClaw（皮皮虾），我们走！
-
-## ✨ 特性
-
-🪶 **超轻量级**: 核心功能内存占用 <10MB — 比 Clawdbot 小 99%。
-
-💰 **极低成本**: 高效到足以在 10 美元的硬件上运行 — 比 Mac mini 便宜 98%。
-
-⚡️ **闪电启动**: 启动速度快 400 倍，即使在 0.6GHz 单核处理器上也能在 1 秒内启动。
-
-🌍 **真正可移植**: 跨 RISC-V、ARM、MIPS 和 x86 架构的单二进制文件，一键运行！
-
-🤖 **AI 自举**: 纯 Go 语言原生实现 — 95% 的核心代码由 Agent 生成，并经由“人机回环 (Human-in-the-loop)”微调。
-
-|                                | OpenClaw      | NanoBot                  | **PicoClaw**                           |
-| ------------------------------ | ------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------------------------- |
-| **语言**                       | TypeScript    | Python                   | **Go**                                 |
-| **RAM**                        | >1GB          | >100MB                   | **< 10MB**                             |
-| **启动时间**</br>(0.8GHz core) | >500s         | >30s                     | **<1s**                                |
-| **成本**                       | Mac Mini $599 | 大多数 Linux 开发板 ~$50 | **任意 Linux 开发板**</br>**低至 $10** |
-
-<img src="assets/compare.jpg" alt="PicoClaw" width="512">
-
-## 🦾 演示
-
-### 🛠️ 标准助手工作流
-
-<table align="center">
-<tr align="center">
-<th><p align="center">🧩 全栈工程师模式</p></th>
-<th><p align="center">🗂️ 日志与规划管理</p></th>
-<th><p align="center">🔎 网络搜索与学习</p></th>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td align="center"><p align="center"><img src="assets/picoclaw_code.gif" width="240" height="180"></p></td>
-<td align="center"><p align="center"><img src="assets/picoclaw_memory.gif" width="240" height="180"></p></td>
-<td align="center"><p align="center"><img src="assets/picoclaw_search.gif" width="240" height="180"></p></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td align="center">开发 • 部署 • 扩展</td>
-<td align="center">日程 • 自动化 • 记忆</td>
-<td align="center">发现 • 洞察 • 趋势</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-
-### 📱 在手机上轻松运行
-
-picoclaw 可以将你10年前的老旧手机废物利用，变身成为你的AI助理！快速指南:
-
-1. 先去应用商店下载安装Termux
-2. 打开后执行指令
-
-```bash
-# 注意: 下面的v0.1.1 可以换为你实际看到的最新版本
-wget https://github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/releases/download/v0.1.1/picoclaw-linux-arm64
-chmod +x picoclaw-linux-arm64
-pkg install proot
-termux-chroot ./picoclaw-linux-arm64 onboard
-```
-
-然后跟随下面的“快速开始”章节继续配置picoclaw即可使用！
-<img src="assets/termux.jpg" alt="PicoClaw" width="512">
-
-### 🐜 创新的低占用部署
-
-PicoClaw 几乎可以部署在任何 Linux 设备上！
-
-- $9.9 [LicheeRV-Nano](https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005006519668532.html) E(网口) 或 W(WiFi6) 版本，用于极简家庭助手。
-- $30~50 [NanoKVM](https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005007369816019.html)，或 $100 [NanoKVM-Pro](https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005010048471263.html)，用于自动化服务器运维。
-- $50 [MaixCAM](https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005008053333693.html) 或 $100 [MaixCAM2](https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/zepan/maixcam2-build-your-next-gen-4k-ai-camera)，用于智能监控。
-
-[https://private-user-images.githubusercontent.com/83055338/547056448-e7b031ff-d6f5-4468-bcca-5726b6fecb5c.mp4](https://private-user-images.githubusercontent.com/83055338/547056448-e7b031ff-d6f5-4468-bcca-5726b6fecb5c.mp4)
-
-🌟 更多部署案例敬请期待！
-
-## 📦 安装
-
-### 使用预编译二进制文件安装
-
-从 [Release 页面](https://github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/releases) 下载适用于您平台的固件。
-
-### 从源码安装（获取最新特性，开发推荐）
-
-```bash
-git clone https://github.com/sipeed/picoclaw.git
-
-cd picoclaw
-make deps
-
-# 构建（无需安装）
-make build
-
-# 为多平台构建
-make build-all
-
-# 构建并安装
-make install
-
-```
-
-## 🐳 Docker Compose
-
-您也可以使用 Docker Compose 运行 PicoClaw，无需在本地安装任何环境。
-
-```bash
-# 1. 克隆仓库
-git clone https://github.com/sipeed/picoclaw.git
-cd picoclaw
-
-# 2. 首次运行 — 自动生成 docker/data/config.json 后退出
-docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml --profile gateway up
-# 容器打印 "First-run setup complete." 后自动停止
-
-# 3. 填写 API Key 等配置
-vim docker/data/config.json   # 设置 provider API key、Bot Token 等
-
-# 4. 正式启动
-docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml --profile gateway up -d
-```
-
-> [!TIP]
-> **Docker 用户**: 默认情况下, Gateway 监听 `127.0.0.1`，该端口不会暴露到容器外。如果需要通过端口映射访问健康检查接口，请在环境变量中设置 `PICOCLAW_GATEWAY_HOST=0.0.0.0` 或修改 `config.json`。
-
-```bash
-# 5. 查看日志
-docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml logs -f picoclaw-gateway
-
-# 6. 停止
-docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml --profile gateway down
-```
-
-### Agent 模式 (一次性运行)
-
-```bash
-# 提问
-docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml run --rm picoclaw-agent -m "2+2 等于几？"
-
-# 交互模式
-docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml run --rm picoclaw-agent
-```
-
-### 更新镜像
-
-```bash
-docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml pull
-docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml --profile gateway up -d
-```
-
-### 🚀 快速开始
-
-> [!TIP]
-> 在 `~/.picoclaw/config.json` 中设置您的 API Key。获取 API Key: [火山引擎 (CodingPlan)](https://www.volcengine.com/activity/codingplan?utm_campaign=PicoClaw&utm_content=PicoClaw&utm_medium=devrel&utm_source=OWO&utm_term=PicoClaw) (LLM) · [OpenRouter](https://openrouter.ai/keys) (LLM) · [Zhipu (智谱)](https://open.bigmodel.cn/usercenter/proj-mgmt/apikeys) (LLM)。网络搜索是 **可选的** — 获取免费的 [Tavily API](https://tavily.com) (每月 1000 次免费查询) 或 [Brave Search API](https://brave.com/search/api) (每月 2000 次免费查询)。
-
-**1. 初始化 (Initialize)**
-
-```bash
-picoclaw onboard
-
-```
-
-**2. 配置 (Configure)** (`~/.picoclaw/config.json`)
-
-```json
-{
-  "agents": {
-    "defaults": {
-      "workspace": "~/.picoclaw/workspace",
-      "model_name": "gpt-5.4",
-      "max_tokens": 8192,
-      "temperature": 0.7,
-      "max_tool_iterations": 20
-    }
-  },
-  "model_list": [
-    {
-      "model_name": "ark-code-latest",
-      "model": "volcengine/ark-code-latest",
-      "api_key": "sk-your-api-key",
-      "api_base":"https://ark.cn-beijing.volces.com/api/coding/v3"
-    },
-    {
-      "model_name": "gpt-5.4",
-      "model": "openai/gpt-5.4",
-      "api_key": "your-api-key",
-      "request_timeout": 300
-    },
-    {
-      "model_name": "claude-sonnet-4.6",
-      "model": "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6",
-      "api_key": "your-anthropic-key"
-    }
-  ],
-  "tools": {
-    "web": {
-      "brave": {
-        "enabled": false,
-        "api_key": "YOUR_BRAVE_API_KEY",
-        "max_results": 5
-      },
-      "tavily": {
-        "enabled": false,
-        "api_key": "YOUR_TAVILY_API_KEY",
-        "max_results": 5
-      }
-    },
-    "cron": {
-      "exec_timeout_minutes": 5
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-> **新功能**: `model_list` 配置格式支持零代码添加 provider。详见[模型配置](#模型配置-model_list)章节。
-> `request_timeout` 为可选项，单位为秒。若省略或设置为 `<= 0`，PicoClaw 使用默认超时（120 秒）。
-
-**3. 获取 API Key**
-
-* **LLM 提供商**: [OpenRouter](https://openrouter.ai/keys) · [Zhipu](https://open.bigmodel.cn/usercenter/proj-mgmt/apikeys) · [Anthropic](https://console.anthropic.com) · [OpenAI](https://platform.openai.com) · [Gemini](https://aistudio.google.com/api-keys)
-* **网络搜索** (可选): [Tavily](https://tavily.com) - 专为 AI Agent 优化 (1000 请求/月) · [Brave Search](https://brave.com/search/api) - 提供免费层级 (2000 请求/月)
-
-> **注意**: 完整的配置模板请参考 `config.example.json`。
-
-**4. 对话 (Chat)**
-
-```bash
-picoclaw agent -m "2+2 等于几？"
-
-```
-
-就是这样！您在 2 分钟内就拥有了一个可工作的 AI 助手。
-
----
-
-## 💬 聊天应用集成 (Chat Apps)
-
-PicoClaw 支持多种聊天平台，使您的 Agent 能够连接到任何地方。
-
-> **注意**: 所有 Webhook 类渠道（LINE、WeCom 等）均挂载在同一个 Gateway HTTP 服务器上（`gateway.host`:`gateway.port`，默认 `127.0.0.1:18790`），无需为每个渠道单独配置端口。注意：飞书（Feishu）使用 WebSocket/SDK 模式，不通过该共享 HTTP webhook 服务器接收消息。
-
-### 核心渠道
-
-| 渠道                 | 设置难度    | 特性说明                                  | 文档链接                                                                                                        |
-| -------------------- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| **Telegram**         | ⭐ 简单     | 推荐，支持语音转文字，长轮询无需公网      | [查看文档](docs/channels/telegram/README.zh.md)                                                                 |
-| **Discord**          | ⭐ 简单     | Socket Mode，支持群组/私信，Bot 生态成熟  | [查看文档](docs/channels/discord/README.zh.md)                                                                  |
-| **Slack**            | ⭐ 简单     | **Socket Mode** (无需公网 IP)，企业级支持 | [查看文档](docs/channels/slack/README.zh.md)                                                                    |
-| **Matrix**           | ⭐⭐ 中等   | 联邦协议，支持自建 homeserver 与公开服务器 | [查看文档](docs/channels/matrix/README.zh.md)                                                                  |
-| **QQ**               | ⭐⭐ 中等   | 官方机器人 API，适合国内社群              | [查看文档](docs/channels/qq/README.zh.md)                                                                       |
-| **钉钉 (DingTalk)**  | ⭐⭐ 中等   | Stream 模式无需公网，企业办公首选         | [查看文档](docs/channels/dingtalk/README.zh.md)                                                                 |
-| **企业微信 (WeCom)** | ⭐⭐⭐ 较难 | 支持群机器人(Webhook)、自建应用(API)和智能机器人(AI Bot) | [Bot 文档](docs/channels/wecom/wecom_bot/README.zh.md) / [App 文档](docs/channels/wecom/wecom_app/README.zh.md) / [AI Bot 文档](docs/channels/wecom/wecom_aibot/README.zh.md) |
-| **飞书 (Feishu)**    | ⭐⭐⭐ 较难 | 企业级协作，功能丰富                      | [查看文档](docs/channels/feishu/README.zh.md)                                                                   |
-| **Line**             | ⭐⭐⭐ 较难 | 需要 HTTPS Webhook                        | [查看文档](docs/channels/line/README.zh.md)                                                                     |
-| **OneBot**           | ⭐⭐ 中等   | 兼容 NapCat/Go-CQHTTP，社区生态丰富       | [查看文档](docs/channels/onebot/README.zh.md)                                                                   |
-| **MaixCam**          | ⭐ 简单     | 专为 AI 摄像头设计的硬件集成通道          | [查看文档](docs/channels/maixcam/README.zh.md)                                                                  |
-
-### Telegram 命令注册（启动时自动同步）
-
-PicoClaw 现在使用统一的命令定义来源。启动时会自动将 Telegram 支持的命令（例如 `/start`、`/help`、`/show`、`/list`）注册到 Bot 命令菜单，确保菜单展示与实际行为一致。
-Telegram 侧保留的是命令菜单注册能力；通用命令的实际执行统一走 Agent Loop 中的 commands executor。
-
-如果注册因网络或 API 短暂异常失败，不会阻塞 channel 启动；系统会在后台自动重试。
-
-## <img src="assets/clawdchat-icon.png" width="24" height="24" alt="ClawdChat"> 加入 Agent 社交网络
-
-只需通过 CLI 或任何集成的聊天应用发送一条消息，即可将 PicoClaw 连接到 Agent 社交网络。
-
-\*\*阅读 `https://clawdchat.ai/skill.md` 并按照说明加入 [ClawdChat.ai](https://clawdchat.ai)
-
-## ⚙️ 配置详解
-
-配置文件路径: `~/.picoclaw/config.json`
-
-### 环境变量
-
-你可以使用环境变量覆盖默认路径。这对于便携安装、容器化部署或将 picoclaw 作为系统服务运行非常有用。这些变量是独立的，控制不同的路径。
-
-| 变量              | 描述                                                                                                                             | 默认路径                  |
-|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|
-| `PICOCLAW_CONFIG` | 覆盖配置文件的路径。这直接告诉 picoclaw 加载哪个 `config.json`，忽略所有其他位置。 | `~/.picoclaw/config.json` |
-| `PICOCLAW_HOME`   | 覆盖 picoclaw 数据根目录。这会更改 `workspace` 和其他数据目录的默认位置。          | `~/.picoclaw`             |
-
-**示例：**
-
-```bash
-# 使用特定的配置文件运行 picoclaw
-# 工作区路径将从该配置文件中读取
-PICOCLAW_CONFIG=/etc/picoclaw/production.json picoclaw gateway
-
-# 在 /opt/picoclaw 中存储所有数据运行 picoclaw
-# 配置将从默认的 ~/.picoclaw/config.json 加载
-# 工作区将在 /opt/picoclaw/workspace 创建
-PICOCLAW_HOME=/opt/picoclaw picoclaw agent
-
-# 同时使用两者进行完全自定义设置
-PICOCLAW_HOME=/srv/picoclaw PICOCLAW_CONFIG=/srv/picoclaw/main.json picoclaw gateway
-```
-
-### 工作区布局 (Workspace Layout)
-
-PicoClaw 将数据存储在您配置的工作区中（默认：`~/.picoclaw/workspace`）：
-
-```
-~/.picoclaw/workspace/
-├── sessions/          # 对话会话和历史
-├── memory/           # 长期记忆 (MEMORY.md)
-├── state/            # 持久化状态 (最后一次频道等)
-├── cron/             # 定时任务数据库
-├── skills/           # 自定义技能
-├── AGENTS.md         # Agent 行为指南
-├── HEARTBEAT.md      # 周期性任务提示词 (每 30 分钟检查一次)
-├── IDENTITY.md       # Agent 身份设定
-├── SOUL.md           # Agent 灵魂/性格
-└── USER.md           # 用户偏好
-
-```
-
-### 技能来源 (Skill Sources)
-
-默认情况下，技能会按以下顺序加载：
-
-1. `~/.picoclaw/workspace/skills`（工作区）
-2. `~/.picoclaw/skills`（全局）
-3. `<current-working-directory>/skills`（内置）
-
-在高级/测试场景下，可通过以下环境变量覆盖内置技能目录：
-
-```bash
-export PICOCLAW_BUILTIN_SKILLS=/path/to/skills
-```
-
-### 统一命令执行策略
-
-- 通用斜杠命令通过 `pkg/agent/loop.go` 中的 `commands.Executor` 统一执行。
-- Channel 适配器不再在本地消费通用命令；它们只负责把入站文本转发到 bus/agent 路径。Telegram 仍会在启动时自动注册其支持的命令菜单。
-- 未注册的斜杠命令（例如 `/foo`）会透传给 LLM 按普通输入处理。
-- 已注册但当前 channel 不支持的命令（例如 WhatsApp 上的 `/show`）会返回明确的用户可见错误，并停止后续处理。
-### 心跳 / 周期性任务 (Heartbeat)
-
-PicoClaw 可以自动执行周期性任务。在工作区创建 `HEARTBEAT.md` 文件：
-
-```markdown
-# Periodic Tasks
-
-- Check my email for important messages
-- Review my calendar for upcoming events
-- Check the weather forecast
-```
-
-Agent 将每隔 30 分钟（可配置）读取此文件，并使用可用工具执行任务。
-
-#### 使用 Spawn 的异步任务
-
-对于耗时较长的任务（网络搜索、API 调用），使用 `spawn` 工具创建一个 **子 Agent (subagent)**：
-
-```markdown
-# Periodic Tasks
-
-## Quick Tasks (respond directly)
-
-- Report current time
-
-## Long Tasks (use spawn for async)
-
-- Search the web for AI news and summarize
-- Check email and report important messages
-```
-
-**关键行为：**
-
-| 特性             | 描述                                     |
-| ---------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
-| **spawn**        | 创建异步子 Agent，不阻塞主心跳进程       |
-| **独立上下文**   | 子 Agent 拥有独立上下文，无会话历史      |
-| **message tool** | 子 Agent 通过 message 工具直接与用户通信 |
-| **非阻塞**       | spawn 后，心跳继续处理下一个任务         |
-
-#### 子 Agent 通信原理
-
-```
-心跳触发 (Heartbeat triggers)
-    ↓
-Agent 读取 HEARTBEAT.md
-    ↓
-对于长任务: spawn 子 Agent
-    ↓                           ↓
-继续下一个任务               子 Agent 独立工作
-    ↓                           ↓
-所有任务完成                 子 Agent 使用 "message" 工具
-    ↓                           ↓
-响应 HEARTBEAT_OK            用户直接收到结果
-
-```
-
-子 Agent 可以访问工具（message, web_search 等），并且无需通过主 Agent 即可独立与用户通信。
-
-**配置：**
-
-```json
-{
-  "heartbeat": {
-    "enabled": true,
-    "interval": 30
-  }
-}
-```
-
-| 选项       | 默认值 | 描述                         |
-| ---------- | ------ | ---------------------------- |
-| `enabled`  | `true` | 启用/禁用心跳                |
-| `interval` | `30`   | 检查间隔，单位分钟 (最小: 5) |
-
-**环境变量:**
-
-- `PICOCLAW_HEARTBEAT_ENABLED=false` 禁用
-- `PICOCLAW_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL=60` 更改间隔
-
-### 提供商 (Providers)
-
-> [!NOTE]
-> Groq 通过 Whisper 提供免费的语音转录。如果配置了 Groq，任意渠道的音频消息都将在 Agent 层面自动转录为文字。
-
-| 提供商               | 用途                         | 获取 API Key                                                         |
-| -------------------- | ---------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `gemini`             | LLM (Gemini 直连)            | [aistudio.google.com](https://aistudio.google.com)                   |
-| `zhipu`              | LLM (智谱直连)               | [bigmodel.cn](bigmodel.cn)                                           |
-| `volcengine` | LLM (火山引擎直连)                  | [volcengine.com](https://www.volcengine.com/activity/codingplan?utm_campaign=PicoClaw&utm_content=PicoClaw&utm_medium=devrel&utm_source=OWO&utm_term=PicoClaw)                 |
-| `openrouter` | LLM (推荐，可访问所有模型)   | [openrouter.ai](https://openrouter.ai)                               |
-| `anthropic`  | LLM (Claude 直连)            | [console.anthropic.com](https://console.anthropic.com)               |
-| `openai`     | LLM (GPT 直连)               | [platform.openai.com](https://platform.openai.com)                   |
-| `deepseek`   | LLM (DeepSeek 直连)          | [platform.deepseek.com](https://platform.deepseek.com)               |
-| `qwen`               | LLM (通义千问)               | [dashscope.console.aliyun.com](https://dashscope.console.aliyun.com) |
-| `groq`               | LLM + **语音转录** (Whisper) | [console.groq.com](https://console.groq.com)                         |
-| `cerebras`           | LLM (Cerebras 直连)          | [cerebras.ai](https://cerebras.ai)                                   |
-
-### 模型配置 (model_list)
-
-> **新功能！** PicoClaw 现在采用**以模型为中心**的配置方式。只需使用 `厂商/模型` 格式（如 `zhipu/glm-4.7`）即可添加新的 provider——**无需修改任何代码！**
-
-该设计同时支持**多 Agent 场景**，提供灵活的 Provider 选择：
-
-- **不同 Agent 使用不同 Provider**：每个 Agent 可以使用自己的 LLM provider
-- **模型回退（Fallback）**：配置主模型和备用模型，提高可靠性
-- **负载均衡**：在多个 API 端点之间分配请求
-- **集中化配置**：在一个地方管理所有 provider
-
-#### 📋 所有支持的厂商
-
-| 厂商                | `model` 前缀      | 默认 API Base                                       | 协议      | 获取 API Key                                                      |
-| ------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| **OpenAI**          | `openai/`         | `https://api.openai.com/v1`                         | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://platform.openai.com)                           |
-| **Anthropic**       | `anthropic/`      | `https://api.anthropic.com/v1`                      | Anthropic | [获取密钥](https://console.anthropic.com)                         |
-| **智谱 AI (GLM)**   | `zhipu/`          | `https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4`              | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://open.bigmodel.cn/usercenter/proj-mgmt/apikeys) |
-| **DeepSeek**        | `deepseek/`       | `https://api.deepseek.com/v1`                       | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://platform.deepseek.com)                         |
-| **Google Gemini**   | `gemini/`         | `https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta`  | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://aistudio.google.com/api-keys)                  |
-| **Groq**            | `groq/`           | `https://api.groq.com/openai/v1`                    | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://console.groq.com)                              |
-| **Moonshot**        | `moonshot/`       | `https://api.moonshot.cn/v1`                        | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://platform.moonshot.cn)                          |
-| **通义千问 (Qwen)** | `qwen/`           | `https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1` | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://dashscope.console.aliyun.com)                  |
-| **NVIDIA**          | `nvidia/`         | `https://integrate.api.nvidia.com/v1`               | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://build.nvidia.com)                              |
-| **Ollama**          | `ollama/`         | `http://localhost:11434/v1`                         | OpenAI    | 本地（无需密钥）                                                  |
-| **OpenRouter**      | `openrouter/`     | `https://openrouter.ai/api/v1`                      | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://openrouter.ai/keys)                            |
-| **VLLM**            | `vllm/`           | `http://localhost:8000/v1`                          | OpenAI    | 本地                                                              |
-| **Cerebras**        | `cerebras/`       | `https://api.cerebras.ai/v1`                        | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://cerebras.ai)                                   |
-| **火山引擎（Doubao）**        | `volcengine/`     | `https://ark.cn-beijing.volces.com/api/v3`          | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://www.volcengine.com/activity/codingplan?utm_campaign=PicoClaw&utm_content=PicoClaw&utm_medium=devrel&utm_source=OWO&utm_term=PicoClaw)                        |
-| **神算云**          | `shengsuanyun/`   | `https://router.shengsuanyun.com/api/v1`            | OpenAI    | -                                                                 |
-| **BytePlus**        | `byteplus/`       | `https://ark.ap-southeast.bytepluses.com/api/v3`    | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://www.byteplus.com)                        |
-| **LongCat**         | `longcat/`        | `https://api.longcat.chat/openai`                   | OpenAI    | [获取密钥](https://longcat.chat/platform)                        |
-| **ModelScope (魔搭)**| `modelscope/`    | `https://api-inference.modelscope.cn/v1`            | OpenAI    | [获取 Token](https://modelscope.cn/my/tokens)                    |
-| **Azure OpenAI**    | `azure/`          | `https://{resource}.openai.azure.com`               | Azure     | [获取密钥](https://portal.azure.com)                              |
-| **Antigravity**     | `antigravity/`    | Google Cloud                                        | 自定义    | 仅 OAuth                                                          |
-| **GitHub Copilot**  | `github-copilot/` | `localhost:4321`                                    | gRPC      | -                                                                 |
-
-#### 基础配置示例
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_list": [
-    {
-      "model_name": "ark-code-latest",
-      "model": "volcengine/ark-code-latest",
-      "api_key": "sk-your-api-key"
-    },
-    {
-      "model_name": "gpt-5.4",
-      "model": "openai/gpt-5.4",
-      "api_key": "sk-your-openai-key"
-    },
-    {
-      "model_name": "claude-sonnet-4.6",
-      "model": "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6",
-      "api_key": "sk-ant-your-key"
-    },
-    {
-      "model_name": "glm-4.7",
-      "model": "zhipu/glm-4.7",
-      "api_key": "your-zhipu-key"
-    }
-  ],
-  "agents": {
-    "defaults": {
-      "model": "gpt-5.4"
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-#### 各厂商配置示例
-
-**OpenAI**
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_name": "gpt-5.4",
-  "model": "openai/gpt-5.4",
-  "api_key": "sk-..."
-}
-```
-
-**火山引擎（Doubao）**
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_name": "ark-code-latest",
-  "model": "volcengine/ark-code-latest",
-  "api_key": "sk-..."
-}
-```
-
-**智谱 AI (GLM)**
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_name": "glm-4.7",
-  "model": "zhipu/glm-4.7",
-  "api_key": "your-key"
-}
-```
-
-**DeepSeek**
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_name": "deepseek-chat",
-  "model": "deepseek/deepseek-chat",
-  "api_key": "sk-..."
-}
-```
-
-**Anthropic (使用 OAuth)**
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_name": "claude-sonnet-4.6",
-  "model": "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6",
-  "auth_method": "oauth"
-}
-```
-
-> 运行 `picoclaw auth login --provider anthropic` 来设置 OAuth 凭证。
-
-**Anthropic Messages API（原生格式）**
-
-用于直接访问 Anthropic API 或仅支持 Anthropic 原生消息格式的自定义端点：
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_name": "claude-opus-4-6",
-  "model": "anthropic-messages/claude-opus-4-6",
-  "api_key": "sk-ant-your-key",
-  "api_base": "https://api.anthropic.com"
-}
-```
-
-> 使用 `anthropic-messages` 协议的场景：
-> - 使用仅支持 Anthropic 原生 `/v1/messages` 端点的第三方代理（不支持 OpenAI 兼容的 `/v1/chat/completions`）
-> - 连接到 MiniMax、Synthetic 等需要 Anthropic 原生消息格式的服务
-> - 现有的 `anthropic` 协议返回 404 错误（说明端点不支持 OpenAI 兼容格式）
->
-> **注意：** `anthropic` 协议使用 OpenAI 兼容格式（`/v1/chat/completions`），而 `anthropic-messages` 使用 Anthropic 原生格式（`/v1/messages`）。请根据端点支持的格式选择。
-
-**Ollama (本地)**
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_name": "llama3",
-  "model": "ollama/llama3"
-}
-```
-
-**自定义代理/API**
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_name": "my-custom-model",
-  "model": "openai/custom-model",
-  "api_base": "https://my-proxy.com/v1",
-  "api_key": "sk-...",
-  "request_timeout": 300
-}
-```
-
-#### 负载均衡
-
-为同一个模型名称配置多个端点——PicoClaw 会自动在它们之间轮询：
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_list": [
-    {
-      "model_name": "gpt-5.4",
-      "model": "openai/gpt-5.4",
-      "api_base": "https://api1.example.com/v1",
-      "api_key": "sk-key1"
-    },
-    {
-      "model_name": "gpt-5.4",
-      "model": "openai/gpt-5.4",
-      "api_base": "https://api2.example.com/v1",
-      "api_key": "sk-key2"
-    }
-  ]
-}
-```
-
-#### 从旧的 `providers` 配置迁移
-
-旧的 `providers` 配置格式**已弃用**，但为向后兼容仍支持。
-
-**旧配置（已弃用）：**
-
-```json
-{
-  "providers": {
-    "zhipu": {
-      "api_key": "your-key",
-      "api_base": "https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4"
-    }
-  },
-  "agents": {
-    "defaults": {
-      "provider": "zhipu",
-      "model": "glm-4.7"
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-**新配置（推荐）：**
-
-```json
-{
-  "model_list": [
-    {
-      "model_name": "glm-4.7",
-      "model": "zhipu/glm-4.7",
-      "api_key": "your-key"
-    }
-  ],
-  "agents": {
-    "defaults": {
-      "model": "glm-4.7"
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-详细的迁移指南请参考 [docs/migration/model-list-migration.md](docs/migration/model-list-migration.md)。
-
-<details>
-<summary><b>智谱 (Zhipu) 配置示例</b></summary>
-
-**1. 获取 API key 和 base URL**
-
-- 获取 [API key](https://bigmodel.cn/usercenter/proj-mgmt/apikeys)
-
-**2. 配置**
-
-```json
-{
-  "agents": {
-    "defaults": {
-      "workspace": "~/.picoclaw/workspace",
-      "model": "glm-4.7",
-      "max_tokens": 8192,
-      "temperature": 0.7,
-      "max_tool_iterations": 20
-    }
-  },
-  "providers": {
-    "zhipu": {
-      "api_key": "Your API Key",
-      "api_base": "https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4"
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-**3. 运行**
-
-```bash
-picoclaw agent -m "你好"
-
-```
-
-</details>
-
-<details>
-<summary><b>完整配置示例</b></summary>
-
-```json
-{
-  "agents": {
-    "defaults": {
-      "model": "anthropic/claude-opus-4-5"
-    }
-  },
-  "session": {
-    "dm_scope": "per-channel-peer",
-    "backlog_limit": 20
-  },
-  "providers": {
-    "openrouter": {
-      "api_key": "sk-or-v1-xxx"
-    },
-    "groq": {
-      "api_key": "gsk_xxx"
-    }
-  },
-  "channels": {
-    "telegram": {
-      "enabled": true,
-      "token": "123456:ABC...",
-      "allow_from": ["123456789"]
-    },
-    "discord": {
-      "enabled": true,
-      "token": "",
-      "allow_from": [""]
-    },
-    "whatsapp": {
-      "enabled": false
-    },
-    "feishu": {
-      "enabled": false,
-      "app_id": "cli_xxx",
-      "app_secret": "xxx",
-      "encrypt_key": "",
-      "verification_token": "",
-      "allow_from": []
-    },
-    "qq": {
-      "enabled": false,
-      "app_id": "",
-      "app_secret": "",
-      "allow_from": []
-    }
-  },
-  "tools": {
-    "web": {
-      "brave": {
-        "enabled": false,
-        "api_key": "YOUR_BRAVE_API_KEY",
-        "max_results": 5
-      },
-      "duckduckgo": {
-        "enabled": true,
-        "max_results": 5
-      }
-    },
-    "cron": {
-      "exec_timeout_minutes": 5
-    }
-  },
-  "heartbeat": {
-    "enabled": true,
-    "interval": 30
-  }
-}
-```
-
-</details>
-
-## CLI 命令行参考
-
-| 命令                      | 描述               |
-| ------------------------- | ------------------ |
-| `picoclaw onboard`        | 初始化配置和工作区 |
-| `picoclaw agent -m "..."` | 与 Agent 对话      |
-| `picoclaw agent`          | 交互式聊天模式     |
-| `picoclaw gateway`        | 启动网关 (Gateway) |
-| `picoclaw status`         | 显示状态           |
-| `picoclaw cron list`      | 列出所有定时任务   |
-| `picoclaw cron add ...`   | 添加定时任务       |
-
-### 定时任务 / 提醒 (Scheduled Tasks)
-
-PicoClaw 通过 `cron` 工具支持定时提醒和重复任务：
-
-- **一次性提醒**: "Remind me in 10 minutes" (10分钟后提醒我) → 10分钟后触发一次
-- **重复任务**: "Remind me every 2 hours" (每2小时提醒我) → 每2小时触发
-- **Cron 表达式**: "Remind me at 9am daily" (每天上午9点提醒我) → 使用 cron 表达式
-
-任务存储在 `~/.picoclaw/workspace/cron/` 中并自动处理。
-
-## 🤝 贡献与路线图 (Roadmap)
-
-欢迎提交 PR！代码库刻意保持小巧和可读。🤗
-
-路线图即将发布...
-
-开发者群组正在组建中，入群门槛：至少合并过 1 个 PR。
-
-用户群组：
-
-Discord: [https://discord.gg/V4sAZ9XWpN](https://discord.gg/V4sAZ9XWpN)
-
-<img src="assets/wechat.png" alt="PicoClaw" width="512">
-
-## 🐛 疑难解答 (Troubleshooting)
-
-### 网络搜索提示 "API 配置问题"
-
-如果您尚未配置搜索 API Key，这是正常的。PicoClaw 会提供手动搜索的帮助链接。
-
-启用网络搜索：
-
-1. 在 [https://tavily.com](https://tavily.com) (1000 次免费) 或 [https://brave.com/search/api](https://brave.com/search/api) 获取免费 API Key (2000 次免费)
-2. 添加到 `~/.picoclaw/config.json`:
-
-```json
-{
-  "tools": {
-    "web": {
-      "brave": {
-        "enabled": false,
-        "api_key": "YOUR_BRAVE_API_KEY",
-        "max_results": 5
-      },
-      "duckduckgo": {
-        "enabled": true,
-        "max_results": 5
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### 遇到内容过滤错误 (Content Filtering Errors)
-
-某些提供商（如智谱）有严格的内容过滤。尝试改写您的问题或使用其他模型。
-
-### Telegram bot 提示 "Conflict: terminated by other getUpdates"
-
-这表示有另一个机器人实例正在运行。请确保同一时间只有一个 `picoclaw gateway` 进程在运行。
-
----
-
-## 📝 API Key 对比
-
-| 服务 | 免费层级 | 适用场景 |
-| --- | --- | --- |
-| **OpenRouter** | 200K tokens/月 | 多模型聚合 (Claude, GPT-4 等) |
-| **火山引擎 CodingPlan** | 9.9 元/首月 | 最适合国内用户，多种 SOTA 模型（豆包、DeepSeek 等） |
-| **智谱 (Zhipu)** | 200K tokens/月 | 适合中国用户 |
-| **Brave Search** | 2000 次查询/月 | 网络搜索功能 |
-| **Tavily** | 1000 次查询/月 | AI Agent 搜索优化 |
-| **Groq** | 提供免费层级 | 极速推理 (Llama, Mixtral) |
-| **LongCat** | 最多 5M tokens/天 | 推理速度快 (免费额度) |
-| **ModelScope (魔搭)** | 2000 次请求/天 | 免费推理 (Qwen, GLM, DeepSeek 等) |
-
----
-
-<div align="center">
-  <img src="assets/logo.jpg" alt="PicoClaw Meme" width="512">
-</div>

cmd/membench/eval.go

@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/seahorse"
+)
+
+// EvalResult holds per-sample evaluation results for one mode.
+type EvalResult struct {
+	Mode      string     `json:"mode"`
+	SampleID  string     `json:"sampleId"`
+	QAResults []QAResult `json:"qaResults"`
+	Agg       AggMetrics `json:"aggregated"`
+}
+
+// QAResult holds metrics for a single QA pair.
+type QAResult struct {
+	Question   string  `json:"question"`
+	Category   int     `json:"category"`
+	GoldAnswer string  `json:"goldAnswer"`
+	TokenF1    float64 `json:"tokenF1"`
+	HitRate    float64 `json:"hitRate"`
+}
+
+// AggMetrics holds aggregated evaluation metrics.
+type AggMetrics struct {
+	OverallF1      float64             `json:"overallF1"`
+	OverallHitRate float64             `json:"overallHitRate"`
+	ByCategory     map[int]*CatMetrics `json:"byCategory"`
+	TotalQuestions int                 `json:"totalQuestions"`
+	ValidF1Count   int                 `json:"validF1Count"`
+}
+
+// CatMetrics holds metrics for a single category.
+type CatMetrics struct {
+	F1            float64 `json:"f1"`
+	HitRate       float64 `json:"hitRate"`
+	QuestionCount int     `json:"questionCount"`
+	ValidF1Count  int     `json:"validF1Count"`
+}
+
+// EvalLegacy evaluates using legacy session store (raw history + budget truncation).
+func EvalLegacy(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	samples []LocomoSample,
+	legacy *LegacyStore,
+	budgetTokens int,
+) []EvalResult {
+	results := make([]EvalResult, 0, len(samples))
+	for si := range samples {
+		sample := &samples[si]
+		history := legacy.GetHistory(sample.SampleID)
+
+		// Convert messages to content strings
+		allContent := make([]string, 0, len(history))
+		for _, msg := range history {
+			allContent = append(allContent, msg.Content)
+		}
+
+		qaResults := make([]QAResult, 0, len(sample.QA))
+		for qi := range sample.QA {
+			qa := &sample.QA[qi]
+			// Budget truncate the full history
+			truncated, _ := BudgetTruncate(allContent, budgetTokens)
+			context := StringListToContent(truncated)
+
+			f1 := TokenOverlapF1(context, qa.AnswerString())
+			hitRate := RecallHitRate(qa.Evidence, sample, context)
+
+			qaResults = append(qaResults, QAResult{
+				Question:   qa.Question,
+				Category:   qa.Category,
+				GoldAnswer: qa.AnswerString(),
+				TokenF1:    f1,
+				HitRate:    hitRate,
+			})
+		}
+
+		results = append(results, EvalResult{
+			Mode:      "legacy",
+			SampleID:  sample.SampleID,
+			QAResults: qaResults,
+			Agg:       aggregateMetrics(qaResults),
+		})
+	}
+	return results
+}
+
+// EvalSeahorse evaluates using seahorse short memory (per-keyword search + expand).
+func EvalSeahorse(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	samples []LocomoSample,
+	ir *SeahorseIngestResult,
+	budgetTokens int,
+) []EvalResult {
+	store := ir.Engine.GetRetrieval().Store()
+	retrieval := ir.Engine.GetRetrieval()
+
+	results := make([]EvalResult, 0, len(samples))
+	for si := range samples {
+		sample := &samples[si]
+		convID, ok := ir.ConvMap[sample.SampleID]
+		if !ok {
+			log.Printf("WARN: no conversation ID for sample %s", sample.SampleID)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		qaResults := make([]QAResult, 0, len(sample.QA))
+		for qi := range sample.QA {
+			qa := &sample.QA[qi]
+			keywords := ExtractKeywords(qa.Question)
+
+			// Search each keyword individually and union results,
+			// tracking best BM25 rank per message for relevance sorting.
+			bestRank := map[int64]float64{}
+			for _, kw := range keywords {
+				searchResults, err := store.SearchMessages(ctx, seahorse.SearchInput{
+					Pattern:        kw,
+					ConversationID: convID,
+					Limit:          20,
+				})
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Printf("WARN: search failed for keyword %q: %v", kw, err)
+					continue
+				}
+				for _, sr := range searchResults {
+					if sr.MessageID > 0 {
+						if prev, ok := bestRank[sr.MessageID]; !ok || sr.Rank < prev {
+							bestRank[sr.MessageID] = sr.Rank
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			// Sort messageIDs by rank ascending (best/most-negative first).
+			// BudgetTruncate walks from the front, keeping best-ranked messages.
+			// Note: SQLite FTS5 bm25() returns negative values where more
+			// negative = better match.
+			messageIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(bestRank))
+			for id := range bestRank {
+				messageIDs = append(messageIDs, id)
+			}
+			sort.Slice(messageIDs, func(i, j int) bool {
+				return bestRank[messageIDs[i]] < bestRank[messageIDs[j]]
+			})
+
+			// Expand messages to get full content
+			var contentParts []string
+			if len(messageIDs) > 0 {
+				expandResult, err := retrieval.ExpandMessages(ctx, messageIDs)
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Printf("WARN: expand failed for sample %s: %v", sample.SampleID, err)
+				} else {
+					for _, msg := range expandResult.Messages {
+						contentParts = append(contentParts, msg.Content)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			if len(contentParts) == 0 {
+				qaResults = append(qaResults, QAResult{
+					Question:   qa.Question,
+					Category:   qa.Category,
+					GoldAnswer: qa.AnswerString(),
+					TokenF1:    0.0,
+					HitRate:    0.0,
+				})
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Budget truncate (drop worst-ranked)
+			truncated, _ := BudgetTruncate(contentParts, budgetTokens)
+			context := StringListToContent(truncated)
+
+			f1 := TokenOverlapF1(context, qa.AnswerString())
+			hitRate := RecallHitRate(qa.Evidence, sample, context)
+
+			qaResults = append(qaResults, QAResult{
+				Question:   qa.Question,
+				Category:   qa.Category,
+				GoldAnswer: qa.AnswerString(),
+				TokenF1:    f1,
+				HitRate:    hitRate,
+			})
+		}
+
+		results = append(results, EvalResult{
+			Mode:      "seahorse",
+			SampleID:  sample.SampleID,
+			QAResults: qaResults,
+			Agg:       aggregateMetrics(qaResults),
+		})
+	}
+	return results
+}
+
+// aggregateMetrics computes overall and per-category metrics.
+func aggregateMetrics(qaResults []QAResult) AggMetrics {
+	type catAccum struct {
+		f1Sum        float64
+		f1Count      int
+		hitRateSum   float64
+		hitRateCount int
+	}
+	byCatAcc := map[int]*catAccum{}
+	totalF1 := 0.0
+	totalHitRate := 0.0
+	validF1Count := 0
+	for _, qr := range qaResults {
+		// Skip sentinel -1.0 scores (LLM API/parse failures) from F1 averaging.
+		if qr.TokenF1 >= 0 {
+			totalF1 += qr.TokenF1
+			validF1Count++
+		}
+		totalHitRate += qr.HitRate
+		acc, ok := byCatAcc[qr.Category]
+		if !ok {
+			acc = &catAccum{}
+			byCatAcc[qr.Category] = acc
+		}
+		if qr.TokenF1 >= 0 {
+			acc.f1Sum += qr.TokenF1
+			acc.f1Count++
+		}
+		acc.hitRateSum += qr.HitRate
+		acc.hitRateCount++
+	}
+	nHit := len(qaResults)
+	if nHit == 0 {
+		nHit = 1
+	}
+	byCat := map[int]*CatMetrics{}
+	for cat, acc := range byCatAcc {
+		cm := &CatMetrics{
+			QuestionCount: acc.hitRateCount,
+			ValidF1Count:  acc.f1Count,
+		}
+		if acc.f1Count > 0 {
+			cm.F1 = acc.f1Sum / float64(acc.f1Count)
+		}
+		if acc.hitRateCount > 0 {
+			cm.HitRate = acc.hitRateSum / float64(acc.hitRateCount)
+		}
+		byCat[cat] = cm
+	}
+	var overallF1 float64
+	if validF1Count > 0 {
+		overallF1 = totalF1 / float64(validF1Count)
+	}
+	return AggMetrics{
+		OverallF1:      overallF1,
+		OverallHitRate: totalHitRate / float64(nHit),
+		ByCategory:     byCat,
+		TotalQuestions: len(qaResults),
+		ValidF1Count:   validF1Count,
+	}
+}
+
+// SaveResults writes per-sample eval results to JSON files.
+func SaveResults(results []EvalResult, outDir string) error {
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(outDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create output dir: %w", err)
+	}
+	for _, r := range results {
+		path := filepath.Join(outDir, fmt.Sprintf("eval_%s_%s.json", r.Mode, r.SampleID))
+		data, err := json.MarshalIndent(r, "", "  ")
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("marshal result: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(path, data, 0o644); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write result: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SaveAggregated writes a combined results.json with all modes.
+func SaveAggregated(results []EvalResult, outDir string) error {
+	byMode := map[string][]EvalResult{}
+	for _, r := range results {
+		byMode[r.Mode] = append(byMode[r.Mode], r)
+	}
+
+	aggMap := map[string]AggMetrics{}
+	for mode, modeResults := range byMode {
+		aggMap[mode] = computeModeAgg(modeResults)
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(aggMap, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(outDir, "results.json"), data, 0o644)
+}
+
+// computeModeAgg aggregates results for a single mode using weighted averaging
+// (weighted by question count per sample). All modes must have the same Mode field.
+func computeModeAgg(results []EvalResult) AggMetrics {
+	agg := AggMetrics{ByCategory: map[int]*CatMetrics{}}
+	for _, r := range results {
+		// Backward compat: old eval JSON (token mode) without ValidF1Count → use TotalQuestions.
+		// LLM modes may legitimately have ValidF1Count==0 (all failures).
+		vf1 := r.Agg.ValidF1Count
+		if vf1 == 0 && r.Agg.TotalQuestions > 0 && !strings.HasSuffix(r.Mode, "-llm") {
+			vf1 = r.Agg.TotalQuestions
+		}
+		agg.OverallF1 += r.Agg.OverallF1 * float64(vf1)
+		agg.OverallHitRate += r.Agg.OverallHitRate * float64(r.Agg.TotalQuestions)
+		agg.TotalQuestions += r.Agg.TotalQuestions
+		agg.ValidF1Count += vf1
+		for cat, cm := range r.Agg.ByCategory {
+			existing, ok := agg.ByCategory[cat]
+			if !ok {
+				existing = &CatMetrics{}
+				agg.ByCategory[cat] = existing
+			}
+			cvf1 := cm.ValidF1Count
+			if cvf1 == 0 && cm.QuestionCount > 0 && !strings.HasSuffix(r.Mode, "-llm") {
+				cvf1 = cm.QuestionCount
+			}
+			existing.F1 += cm.F1 * float64(cvf1)
+			existing.HitRate += cm.HitRate * float64(cm.QuestionCount)
+			existing.QuestionCount += cm.QuestionCount
+			existing.ValidF1Count += cvf1
+		}
+	}
+	if agg.ValidF1Count > 0 {
+		agg.OverallF1 /= float64(agg.ValidF1Count)
+	}
+	if agg.TotalQuestions > 0 {
+		agg.OverallHitRate /= float64(agg.TotalQuestions)
+	}
+	for _, cat := range agg.ByCategory {
+		if cat.ValidF1Count > 0 {
+			cat.F1 /= float64(cat.ValidF1Count)
+		}
+		if cat.QuestionCount > 0 {
+			cat.HitRate /= float64(cat.QuestionCount)
+		}
+	}
+	return agg
+}
+
+// printSection prints a single comparison table section.
+func printSection(title string, results []EvalResult) {
+	fmt.Printf("\n--- %s ---\n", title)
+	byMode := map[string][]EvalResult{}
+	for _, r := range results {
+		byMode[r.Mode] = append(byMode[r.Mode], r)
+	}
+
+	modes := map[string]AggMetrics{}
+	for mode, modeResults := range byMode {
+		modes[mode] = computeModeAgg(modeResults)
+	}
+
+	modeKeys := make([]string, 0, len(modes))
+	for k := range modes {
+		modeKeys = append(modeKeys, k)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(modeKeys)
+
+	// Collect all category keys across modes
+	catSet := map[int]bool{}
+	for _, agg := range modes {
+		for cat := range agg.ByCategory {
+			catSet[cat] = true
+		}
+	}
+	cats := make([]int, 0, len(catSet))
+	for cat := range catSet {
+		cats = append(cats, cat)
+	}
+	sort.Ints(cats)
+
+	fmt.Printf("%-10s %-8s %-8s", "Mode", "HitRate", "F1")
+	for _, cat := range cats {
+		fmt.Printf(" %-7s", fmt.Sprintf("C%d", cat))
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 10+8+8+7*len(cats)+8))
+
+	for _, mode := range modeKeys {
+		agg := modes[mode]
+		fmt.Printf("%-10s %-8.4f %-8.4f", mode, agg.OverallHitRate, agg.OverallF1)
+		for _, cat := range cats {
+			if cm, ok := agg.ByCategory[cat]; ok {
+				fmt.Printf(" %-7.4f", cm.HitRate)
+			} else {
+				fmt.Printf(" %-7s", "N/A")
+			}
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+	}
+}
+
+// PrintComparison outputs a human-readable comparison table to stdout.
+func PrintComparison(results []EvalResult, llmResults []EvalResult) {
+	if len(results) > 0 {
+		printSection("No LLM generation", results)
+	}
+	if len(llmResults) > 0 {
+		printSection("With LLM", llmResults)
+	}
+}

cmd/membench/eval_llm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"regexp"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/seahorse"
+)
+
+const answerSystemPrompt = `You are a helpful assistant. Given conversation context, answer the question concisely and accurately. If the answer is not in the context, say "I don't know". Answer in 1-3 sentences maximum.`
+
+const judgeSystemPrompt = `You are an impartial judge evaluating answer quality.
+Compare the candidate answer against the reference answer.
+Consider semantic equivalence — different wording expressing the same meaning should score high.
+
+Output ONLY a single integer score from 1 to 5:
+1 = completely wrong or irrelevant
+2 = partially related but mostly incorrect
+3 = partially correct, missing key details
+4 = mostly correct with minor omissions
+5 = fully correct, semantically equivalent
+
+Output ONLY the number, nothing else.`
+
+// generateAnswer asks the LLM to answer a question given retrieved context.
+func generateAnswer(ctx context.Context, client *LLMClient, contextText, question string) (string, error) {
+	// Truncate context to avoid exceeding model limits while preserving valid UTF-8.
+	contextRunes := []rune(contextText)
+	if len(contextRunes) > 6000 {
+		contextText = string(contextRunes[:6000]) + "\n... [truncated]"
+	}
+
+	userPrompt := fmt.Sprintf("## Conversation Context\n\n%s\n\n## Question\n\n%s", contextText, question)
+	return client.Complete(ctx, answerSystemPrompt, userPrompt)
+}
+
+// scoreRe matches the first standalone integer 1-5 in the judge response.
+var scoreRe = regexp.MustCompile(`\b([1-5])\b`)
+
+// judgeAnswer asks the LLM to score the candidate answer vs the gold answer.
+// Returns a score from 0.0 to 1.0, or -1.0 on parse failure.
+func judgeAnswer(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	judgeClient *LLMClient,
+	question, goldAnswer, candidateAnswer string,
+) (float64, error) {
+	userPrompt := fmt.Sprintf(
+		"Question: %s\n\nReference Answer: %s\n\nCandidate Answer: %s\n\nScore:",
+		question, goldAnswer, candidateAnswer,
+	)
+
+	response, err := judgeClient.Complete(ctx, judgeSystemPrompt, userPrompt)
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1.0, err
+	}
+
+	response = strings.TrimSpace(response)
+	if m := scoreRe.FindStringSubmatch(response); len(m) == 2 {
+		score, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[1])
+		return float64(score-1) / 4.0, nil // Normalize 1-5 to 0.0-1.0
+	}
+	log.Printf("WARNING: could not parse judge score from: %q, returning -1", response)
+	return -1.0, nil
+}
+
+// qaWork describes one QA evaluation unit.
+type qaWork struct {
+	sampleID    string
+	qaIndex     int
+	globalIndex int
+	totalQA     int
+	qa          *LocomoQA
+	contextText string
+	sample      *LocomoSample
+}
+
+// qaResult collects one QA evaluation output.
+type qaResultOut struct {
+	index  int // position in the flat QA list for ordering
+	result QAResult
+	answer string
+	score  float64
+}
+
+// evalQAWorker processes a single QA item: generate answer + judge score.
+func evalQAWorker(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	w qaWork,
+	answerClient, judgeClient *LLMClient,
+	logPrefix string,
+) qaResultOut {
+	llmAnswer, err := generateAnswer(ctx, answerClient, w.contextText, w.qa.Question)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("WARN: LLM generation failed for sample %s Q%d: %v", w.sampleID, w.qaIndex, err)
+		llmAnswer = ""
+	}
+
+	score := -1.0
+	if llmAnswer != "" {
+		score, err = judgeAnswer(ctx, judgeClient, w.qa.Question, w.qa.AnswerString(), llmAnswer)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("WARN: LLM judge failed for sample %s Q%d: %v", w.sampleID, w.qaIndex, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	hitRate := RecallHitRate(w.qa.Evidence, w.sample, w.contextText)
+
+	log.Printf("[%s] sample=%s q=%d/%d score=%.2f answer=%q",
+		logPrefix, w.sampleID, w.globalIndex, w.totalQA, score, truncateStr(llmAnswer, 80))
+
+	return qaResultOut{
+		index: w.globalIndex,
+		result: QAResult{
+			Question:   w.qa.Question,
+			Category:   w.qa.Category,
+			GoldAnswer: w.qa.AnswerString(),
+			TokenF1:    score,
+			HitRate:    hitRate,
+		},
+		answer: llmAnswer,
+		score:  score,
+	}
+}
+
+// EvalLegacyLLM evaluates legacy store using LLM generation + LLM-as-Judge.
+func EvalLegacyLLM(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	samples []LocomoSample,
+	legacy *LegacyStore,
+	budgetTokens int,
+	answerClient, judgeClient *LLMClient,
+	concurrency int,
+) []EvalResult {
+	if concurrency < 1 {
+		concurrency = 1
+	}
+	totalQA := countTotalQA(samples)
+	results := make([]EvalResult, 0, len(samples))
+
+	for si := range samples {
+		sample := &samples[si]
+		history := legacy.GetHistory(sample.SampleID)
+
+		allContent := make([]string, 0, len(history))
+		for _, msg := range history {
+			allContent = append(allContent, msg.Content)
+		}
+
+		truncated, _ := BudgetTruncate(allContent, budgetTokens)
+		contextText := StringListToContent(truncated)
+
+		qaResults := make([]QAResult, len(sample.QA))
+
+		if concurrency <= 1 {
+			for qi := range sample.QA {
+				out := evalQAWorker(ctx, qaWork{
+					sampleID: sample.SampleID, qaIndex: qi,
+					globalIndex: si*len(sample.QA) + qi + 1, totalQA: totalQA,
+					qa: &sample.QA[qi], contextText: contextText, sample: sample,
+				}, answerClient, judgeClient, "legacy-llm")
+				qaResults[qi] = out.result
+			}
+		} else {
+			sem := make(chan struct{}, concurrency)
+			var wg sync.WaitGroup
+			for qi := range sample.QA {
+				wg.Add(1)
+				go func() {
+					defer wg.Done()
+					sem <- struct{}{}
+					defer func() { <-sem }()
+					out := evalQAWorker(ctx, qaWork{
+						sampleID: sample.SampleID, qaIndex: qi,
+						globalIndex: si*len(sample.QA) + qi + 1, totalQA: totalQA,
+						qa: &sample.QA[qi], contextText: contextText, sample: sample,
+					}, answerClient, judgeClient, "legacy-llm")
+					qaResults[qi] = out.result // safe: each goroutine writes distinct index
+				}()
+			}
+			wg.Wait()
+		}
+
+		results = append(results, EvalResult{
+			Mode:      "legacy-llm",
+			SampleID:  sample.SampleID,
+			QAResults: qaResults,
+			Agg:       aggregateMetrics(qaResults),
+		})
+	}
+	return results
+}
+
+// buildSeahorseContext retrieves context for a seahorse QA item.
+func buildSeahorseContext(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	ir *SeahorseIngestResult,
+	sample *LocomoSample,
+	qa *LocomoQA,
+	budgetTokens int,
+) string {
+	store := ir.Engine.GetRetrieval().Store()
+	retrieval := ir.Engine.GetRetrieval()
+	convID := ir.ConvMap[sample.SampleID]
+
+	keywords := ExtractKeywords(qa.Question)
+	bestRank := map[int64]float64{}
+	for _, kw := range keywords {
+		searchResults, err := store.SearchMessages(ctx, seahorse.SearchInput{
+			Pattern:        kw,
+			ConversationID: convID,
+			Limit:          20,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, sr := range searchResults {
+			if sr.MessageID > 0 {
+				if prev, ok := bestRank[sr.MessageID]; !ok || sr.Rank < prev {
+					bestRank[sr.MessageID] = sr.Rank
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	messageIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(bestRank))
+	for id := range bestRank {
+		messageIDs = append(messageIDs, id)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(messageIDs, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return bestRank[messageIDs[i]] < bestRank[messageIDs[j]]
+	})
+
+	var contentParts []string
+	if len(messageIDs) > 0 {
+		expandResult, err := retrieval.ExpandMessages(ctx, messageIDs)
+		if err == nil {
+			for _, msg := range expandResult.Messages {
+				contentParts = append(contentParts, msg.Content)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(contentParts) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	truncated, _ := BudgetTruncate(contentParts, budgetTokens)
+	return StringListToContent(truncated)
+}
+
+// EvalSeahorseLLM evaluates seahorse retrieval using LLM generation + LLM-as-Judge.
+func EvalSeahorseLLM(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	samples []LocomoSample,
+	ir *SeahorseIngestResult,
+	budgetTokens int,
+	answerClient, judgeClient *LLMClient,
+	concurrency int,
+) []EvalResult {
+	if concurrency < 1 {
+		concurrency = 1
+	}
+	totalQA := countTotalQA(samples)
+	results := make([]EvalResult, 0, len(samples))
+
+	for si := range samples {
+		sample := &samples[si]
+		if _, ok := ir.ConvMap[sample.SampleID]; !ok {
+			log.Printf("WARN: no conversation ID for sample %s", sample.SampleID)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		qaResults := make([]QAResult, len(sample.QA))
+
+		evalOne := func(qi int) {
+			qa := &sample.QA[qi]
+			contextText := buildSeahorseContext(ctx, ir, sample, qa, budgetTokens)
+			if contextText == "" {
+				qaResults[qi] = QAResult{
+					Question:   qa.Question,
+					Category:   qa.Category,
+					GoldAnswer: qa.AnswerString(),
+					TokenF1:    0.0,
+					HitRate:    0.0,
+				}
+				log.Printf("[seahorse-llm] sample=%s q=%d/%d score=0.00 answer=(no context)",
+					sample.SampleID, si*len(sample.QA)+qi+1, totalQA)
+				return
+			}
+			out := evalQAWorker(ctx, qaWork{
+				sampleID: sample.SampleID, qaIndex: qi,
+				globalIndex: si*len(sample.QA) + qi + 1, totalQA: totalQA,
+				qa: qa, contextText: contextText, sample: sample,
+			}, answerClient, judgeClient, "seahorse-llm")
+			qaResults[qi] = out.result
+		}
+
+		if concurrency <= 1 {
+			for qi := range sample.QA {
+				evalOne(qi)
+			}
+		} else {
+			sem := make(chan struct{}, concurrency)
+			var wg sync.WaitGroup
+			for qi := range sample.QA {
+				wg.Add(1)
+				go func() {
+					defer wg.Done()
+					sem <- struct{}{}
+					defer func() { <-sem }()
+					evalOne(qi)
+				}()
+			}
+			wg.Wait()
+		}
+
+		results = append(results, EvalResult{
+			Mode:      "seahorse-llm",
+			SampleID:  sample.SampleID,
+			QAResults: qaResults,
+			Agg:       aggregateMetrics(qaResults),
+		})
+	}
+	return results
+}
+
+func countTotalQA(samples []LocomoSample) int {
+	n := 0
+	for i := range samples {
+		n += len(samples[i].QA)
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+func truncateStr(s string, maxLen int) string {
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "\n", " ")
+	runes := []rune(s)
+	if len(runes) > maxLen {
+		return string(runes[:maxLen]) + "..."
+	}
+	return s
+}

cmd/membench/eval_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestComputeModeAggAllCategories(t *testing.T) {
+	results := []EvalResult{
+		{
+			Mode:     "test",
+			SampleID: "s1",
+			QAResults: []QAResult{
+				{Category: 1, TokenF1: 0.5, HitRate: 0.8},
+				{Category: 2, TokenF1: 0.3, HitRate: 0.6},
+				{Category: 3, TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.4},
+				{Category: 4, TokenF1: 0.7, HitRate: 0.9},
+				{Category: 5, TokenF1: 0.2, HitRate: 0.1},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for i := range results {
+		results[i].Agg = aggregateMetrics(results[i].QAResults)
+	}
+
+	got := computeModeAgg(results)
+
+	// Should have all 5 categories
+	for cat := 1; cat <= 5; cat++ {
+		cm, ok := got.ByCategory[cat]
+		if !ok {
+			t.Errorf("ByCategory missing category %d", cat)
+			continue
+		}
+		if cm.QuestionCount != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("ByCategory[%d].QuestionCount = %d, want 1", cat, cm.QuestionCount)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Verify specific F1 values per category
+	wantF1 := map[int]float64{1: 0.5, 2: 0.3, 3: 0.1, 4: 0.7, 5: 0.2}
+	for cat, want := range wantF1 {
+		if cm, ok := got.ByCategory[cat]; ok {
+			if math.Abs(cm.F1-want) > 1e-9 {
+				t.Errorf("ByCategory[%d].F1 = %.4f, want %.4f", cat, cm.F1, want)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComputeModeAgg(t *testing.T) {
+	// Two samples with different question counts:
+	//   sample-a: 2 questions, F1 = [0.4, 0.6] → avg 0.5
+	//   sample-b: 8 questions, F1 = [0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1] → avg 0.1
+	//
+	// Unweighted (PrintComparison bug): (0.5 + 0.1) / 2 = 0.3
+	// Weighted (correct):              (0.4+0.6 + 0.1*8) / 10 = 1.8 / 10 = 0.18
+	results := []EvalResult{
+		{
+			Mode:     "test",
+			SampleID: "sample-a",
+			QAResults: []QAResult{
+				{TokenF1: 0.4, HitRate: 0.5},
+				{TokenF1: 0.6, HitRate: 0.7},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Mode:     "test",
+			SampleID: "sample-b",
+			QAResults: []QAResult{
+				{TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.2},
+				{TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.2},
+				{TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.2},
+				{TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.2},
+				{TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.2},
+				{TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.2},
+				{TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.2},
+				{TokenF1: 0.1, HitRate: 0.2},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	// Compute per-sample aggregates
+	for i := range results {
+		results[i].Agg = aggregateMetrics(results[i].QAResults)
+	}
+
+	got := computeModeAgg(results)
+
+	// Weighted: (0.4+0.6+0.1*8) / 10 = 1.8/10 = 0.18
+	wantF1 := 0.18
+	if math.Abs(got.OverallF1-wantF1) > 1e-9 {
+		t.Errorf("OverallF1 = %.6f, want %.6f (weighted average)", got.OverallF1, wantF1)
+	}
+
+	// Weighted: (0.5+0.7+0.2*8) / 10 = 2.8/10 = 0.28
+	wantRecall := 0.28
+	if math.Abs(got.OverallHitRate-wantRecall) > 1e-9 {
+		t.Errorf("OverallHitRate = %.6f, want %.6f (weighted average)", got.OverallHitRate, wantRecall)
+	}
+
+	if got.TotalQuestions != 10 {
+		t.Errorf("TotalQuestions = %d, want 10", got.TotalQuestions)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAggregateMetricsSentinel(t *testing.T) {
+	qa := []QAResult{
+		{Category: 1, TokenF1: 0.8, HitRate: 0.5},
+		{Category: 1, TokenF1: -1.0, HitRate: 0.3},
+		{Category: 1, TokenF1: 0.4, HitRate: 0.7},
+	}
+	agg := aggregateMetrics(qa)
+
+	if agg.ValidF1Count != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("ValidF1Count = %d, want 2", agg.ValidF1Count)
+	}
+	if agg.TotalQuestions != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("TotalQuestions = %d, want 3", agg.TotalQuestions)
+	}
+	wantF1 := (0.8 + 0.4) / 2.0
+	if math.Abs(agg.OverallF1-wantF1) > 1e-9 {
+		t.Errorf("OverallF1 = %.6f, want %.6f", agg.OverallF1, wantF1)
+	}
+	wantHR := (0.5 + 0.3 + 0.7) / 3.0
+	if math.Abs(agg.OverallHitRate-wantHR) > 1e-9 {
+		t.Errorf("OverallHitRate = %.6f, want %.6f", agg.OverallHitRate, wantHR)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAggregateMetricsAllSentinel(t *testing.T) {
+	qa := []QAResult{
+		{Category: 1, TokenF1: -1.0, HitRate: 0.5},
+		{Category: 1, TokenF1: -1.0, HitRate: 0.3},
+	}
+	agg := aggregateMetrics(qa)
+
+	if agg.ValidF1Count != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("ValidF1Count = %d, want 0", agg.ValidF1Count)
+	}
+	if agg.OverallF1 != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("OverallF1 = %.6f, want 0", agg.OverallF1)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComputeModeAggSentinelWeighting(t *testing.T) {
+	results := []EvalResult{
+		{
+			Mode:     "test",
+			SampleID: "s1",
+			QAResults: []QAResult{
+				{Category: 1, TokenF1: 0.8, HitRate: 0.5},
+				{Category: 1, TokenF1: -1.0, HitRate: 0.3},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Mode:     "test",
+			SampleID: "s2",
+			QAResults: []QAResult{
+				{Category: 1, TokenF1: 0.4, HitRate: 0.6},
+				{Category: 1, TokenF1: 0.6, HitRate: 0.8},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for i := range results {
+		results[i].Agg = aggregateMetrics(results[i].QAResults)
+	}
+
+	got := computeModeAgg(results)
+
+	// s1: ValidF1Count=1, F1=0.8; s2: ValidF1Count=2, F1=0.5
+	// Weighted: (0.8*1 + 0.5*2) / 3 = 1.8/3 = 0.6
+	wantF1 := 0.6
+	if math.Abs(got.OverallF1-wantF1) > 1e-9 {
+		t.Errorf("OverallF1 = %.6f, want %.6f", got.OverallF1, wantF1)
+	}
+	if got.ValidF1Count != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("ValidF1Count = %d, want 3", got.ValidF1Count)
+	}
+	if got.TotalQuestions != 4 {
+		t.Errorf("TotalQuestions = %d, want 4", got.TotalQuestions)
+	}
+}

cmd/membench/ingest.go

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/seahorse"
+)
+
+// ConvMap stores the mapping from sampleID to seahorse ConversationID.
+type ConvMap map[string]int64
+
+// SeahorseIngestResult holds the results of ingesting into seahorse.
+type SeahorseIngestResult struct {
+	Engine  *seahorse.Engine
+	ConvMap ConvMap // sampleID → conversationID
+}
+
+// IngestSeahorse loads all LOCOMO samples into a seahorse Engine.
+// Returns the engine and a mapping from sampleID to conversationID for scoped retrieval.
+func IngestSeahorse(ctx context.Context, samples []LocomoSample, dbPath string) (*SeahorseIngestResult, error) {
+	noopFn := func(ctx context.Context, prompt string, opts seahorse.CompleteOptions) (string, error) {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	engine, err := seahorse.NewEngine(seahorse.Config{
+		DBPath: dbPath,
+	}, noopFn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create seahorse engine: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	store := engine.GetRetrieval().Store()
+	convMap := make(ConvMap)
+
+	for si := range samples {
+		sample := &samples[si]
+		sessionKey := "locomo-" + sample.SampleID
+
+		// Check if conversation already exists (idempotent)
+		existing, _ := store.GetConversationBySessionKey(ctx, sessionKey)
+		if existing != nil {
+			convMap[sample.SampleID] = existing.ConversationID
+			log.Printf("Skipping existing sample %s: convID=%d", sample.SampleID, existing.ConversationID)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		turns := GetTurns(sample)
+
+		// Convert turns to seahorse messages
+		msgs := make([]seahorse.Message, 0, len(turns))
+		for _, turn := range turns {
+			content := turn.Speaker + ": " + turn.Text
+			msgs = append(msgs, seahorse.Message{
+				Role:       "user",
+				Content:    content,
+				TokenCount: len(turn.Text) / 4,
+			})
+		}
+
+		// Ingest all turns for this sample
+		_, err := engine.Ingest(ctx, sessionKey, msgs)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("ingest sample %s: %w", sample.SampleID, err)
+		}
+
+		// Get the conversation ID for scoped retrieval
+		conv, err := store.GetConversationBySessionKey(ctx, sessionKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("get conversation for %s: %w", sample.SampleID, err)
+		}
+		if conv == nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("conversation not found for %s after ingest", sample.SampleID)
+		}
+		convMap[sample.SampleID] = conv.ConversationID
+		log.Printf("Ingested sample %s: %d turns, convID=%d", sample.SampleID, len(turns), conv.ConversationID)
+	}
+
+	log.Printf("Seahorse ingestion complete: %d samples, %d conversations", len(samples), len(convMap))
+	return &SeahorseIngestResult{
+		Engine:  engine,
+		ConvMap: convMap,
+	}, nil
+}

cmd/membench/ingest_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/seahorse"
+)
+
+func TestIngestSeahorseIdempotent(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
+
+	// Minimal test data
+	samples := []LocomoSample{
+		{
+			SampleID: "test-1",
+			Conversation: map[string]json.RawMessage{
+				"session_1": json.RawMessage(`[
+					{"speaker":"A","dia_id":"D1:1","text":"hello world this is a test message"},
+					{"speaker":"B","dia_id":"D1:2","text":"another message for testing purposes"}
+				]`),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// First ingestion
+	result1, err := IngestSeahorse(ctx, samples, dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("first ingest failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	convCount1 := len(result1.ConvMap)
+	result1.Engine.Close()
+
+	// Second ingestion on same DB — should reuse existing data
+	result2, err := IngestSeahorse(ctx, samples, dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("second ingest failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer result2.Engine.Close()
+
+	// ConvMap should have same number of entries (no duplicates)
+	if len(result2.ConvMap) != convCount1 {
+		t.Errorf("second ingest convMap has %d entries, want %d (same as first)",
+			len(result2.ConvMap), convCount1)
+	}
+
+	// Verify conversation IDs are the same (reused, not new ones)
+	for id, cid1 := range result1.ConvMap {
+		cid2, ok := result2.ConvMap[id]
+		if !ok {
+			t.Errorf("sample %s missing from second ConvMap", id)
+			continue
+		}
+		if cid2 != cid1 {
+			t.Errorf("sample %s: second ingest got convID %d, want %d (reused)", id, cid2, cid1)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Verify no duplicate messages by counting
+	store := result2.Engine.GetRetrieval().Store()
+	for _, convID := range result2.ConvMap {
+		msgs, err := store.SearchMessages(ctx, seahorse.SearchInput{
+			Pattern:        "test",
+			ConversationID: convID,
+			Limit:          100,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("search failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		// Should find exactly 1 message containing "test" (the first turn)
+		if len(msgs) > 2 {
+			t.Errorf("found %d messages for 'test' in conv %d, expected ≤2 (no duplicates)", len(msgs), convID)
+		}
+	}
+}

cmd/membench/legacy_store.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/providers"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/session"
+)
+
+// LegacyStore wraps session.SessionManager for legacy baseline.
+type LegacyStore struct {
+	sm *session.SessionManager
+}
+
+// NewLegacyStore creates a new in-memory session manager.
+func NewLegacyStore() *LegacyStore {
+	return &LegacyStore{
+		sm: session.NewSessionManager(""),
+	}
+}
+
+// IngestSample loads all turns from a LOCOMO sample into the legacy session store.
+func (ls *LegacyStore) IngestSample(sample *LocomoSample) {
+	sessionKey := "locomo-" + sample.SampleID
+	turns := GetTurns(sample)
+	for _, turn := range turns {
+		content := turn.Speaker + ": " + turn.Text
+		ls.sm.AddMessage(sessionKey, "user", content)
+	}
+}
+
+// GetHistory returns all messages for a sample's session.
+func (ls *LegacyStore) GetHistory(sampleID string) []providers.Message {
+	sessionKey := "locomo-" + sampleID
+	return ls.sm.GetHistory(sessionKey)
+}

cmd/membench/llm_client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// LLMClient wraps an OpenAI-compatible chat completion endpoint.
+type LLMClient struct {
+	BaseURL    string
+	Model      string
+	APIKey     string
+	NoThinking bool // send chat_template_kwargs to disable thinking (llama.cpp specific)
+	MaxRetries int  // max retry attempts for transient errors (0 = no retry)
+	Client     *http.Client
+}
+
+// LLMClientOptions configures the LLM client.
+type LLMClientOptions struct {
+	BaseURL    string
+	Model      string
+	APIKey     string
+	Timeout    time.Duration
+	NoThinking bool
+	MaxRetries int // max retry attempts (default 3)
+}
+
+// NewLLMClient creates a client for an OpenAI-compatible chat completion API.
+func NewLLMClient(opts LLMClientOptions) *LLMClient {
+	if opts.Timeout == 0 {
+		opts.Timeout = 120 * time.Second
+	}
+	maxRetries := opts.MaxRetries
+	if maxRetries < 0 {
+		maxRetries = 3
+	}
+	return &LLMClient{
+		BaseURL:    strings.TrimRight(opts.BaseURL, "/"),
+		Model:      opts.Model,
+		APIKey:     opts.APIKey,
+		NoThinking: opts.NoThinking,
+		MaxRetries: maxRetries,
+		Client: &http.Client{
+			Timeout: opts.Timeout,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type chatRequest struct {
+	Model              string         `json:"model"`
+	Messages           []chatMessage  `json:"messages"`
+	Temperature        float64        `json:"temperature"`
+	MaxTokens          int            `json:"max_tokens"`
+	ChatTemplateKwargs map[string]any `json:"chat_template_kwargs,omitempty"` // llama.cpp
+	Think              *bool          `json:"think,omitempty"`                // Ollama
+	Thinking           map[string]any `json:"thinking,omitempty"`             // GLM (智谱)
+}
+
+type chatMessage struct {
+	Role    string `json:"role"`
+	Content string `json:"content"`
+}
+
+type chatResponse struct {
+	Choices []struct {
+		Message struct {
+			Content          string `json:"content"`
+			ReasoningContent string `json:"reasoning_content,omitempty"`
+		} `json:"message"`
+	} `json:"choices"`
+}
+
+// Complete sends a chat completion request and returns the assistant's reply.
+func (c *LLMClient) Complete(ctx context.Context, systemPrompt, userPrompt string) (string, error) {
+	sysContent := systemPrompt
+	if c.NoThinking && sysContent != "" {
+		// Prepend /no_think tag — works with Ollama /v1 endpoint and
+		// Qwen chat templates where the JSON think field is ignored.
+		sysContent = "/no_think\n" + sysContent
+	}
+	messages := []chatMessage{}
+	if sysContent != "" {
+		messages = append(messages, chatMessage{Role: "system", Content: sysContent})
+	}
+	messages = append(messages, chatMessage{Role: "user", Content: userPrompt})
+
+	body := chatRequest{
+		Model:       c.Model,
+		Messages:    messages,
+		Temperature: 0.1,
+		MaxTokens:   512,
+	}
+	if c.NoThinking {
+		// llama.cpp: chat_template_kwargs
+		body.ChatTemplateKwargs = map[string]any{
+			"enable_thinking": false,
+		}
+		// Ollama (0.9+): think field
+		thinkFalse := false
+		body.Think = &thinkFalse
+		// GLM (智谱): thinking field
+		body.Thinking = map[string]any{
+			"type": "disabled",
+		}
+	}
+
+	jsonBody, err := json.Marshal(body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("marshal request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	endpoint := strings.TrimRight(c.BaseURL, "/") + "/chat/completions"
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", endpoint, bytes.NewReader(jsonBody))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	if c.APIKey != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+c.APIKey)
+	}
+
+	var respBody []byte
+	var lastErr error
+	for attempt := 0; attempt <= c.MaxRetries; attempt++ {
+		if attempt > 0 {
+			backoff := time.Duration(1<<(attempt-1)) * time.Second // 1s, 2s, 4s, ...
+			log.Printf("LLM retry %d/%d after %v: %v", attempt, c.MaxRetries, backoff, lastErr)
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return "", ctx.Err()
+			case <-time.After(backoff):
+			}
+			// Rebuild request (body reader is consumed)
+			req, err = http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", endpoint, bytes.NewReader(jsonBody))
+			if err != nil {
+				return "", fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", err)
+			}
+			req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+			if c.APIKey != "" {
+				req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+c.APIKey)
+			}
+		}
+
+		var resp *http.Response
+		resp, lastErr = c.Client.Do(req)
+		if lastErr != nil {
+			continue // network/timeout error → retry
+		}
+
+		respBody, lastErr = io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		if lastErr != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if resp.StatusCode == 429 || resp.StatusCode >= 500 {
+			lastErr = fmt.Errorf("API error %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
+			continue // rate limit or server error → retry
+		}
+		if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("API error %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
+		}
+
+		lastErr = nil
+		break
+	}
+	if lastErr != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("after %d retries: %w", c.MaxRetries, lastErr)
+	}
+
+	var chatResp chatResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &chatResp); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("parse response: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(chatResp.Choices) == 0 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no choices in response")
+	}
+	content := strings.TrimSpace(chatResp.Choices[0].Message.Content)
+	// Strip any residual <think>...</think> blocks
+	if idx := strings.Index(content, "</think>"); idx >= 0 {
+		content = strings.TrimSpace(content[idx+len("</think>"):])
+	}
+	// Fallback: GLM/DeepSeek put thinking output in reasoning_content when thinking is enabled
+	if content == "" && chatResp.Choices[0].Message.ReasoningContent != "" {
+		content = strings.TrimSpace(chatResp.Choices[0].Message.ReasoningContent)
+	}
+	if content == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("empty LLM response")
+	}
+	return content, nil
+}

cmd/membench/locomo.go

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// LocomoSample represents one conversation sample from the LOCOMO dataset.
+type LocomoSample struct {
+	SampleID     string                     `json:"sample_id"`
+	Conversation map[string]json.RawMessage `json:"conversation"`
+	QA           []LocomoQA                 `json:"qa"`
+}
+
+// LocomoTurn represents a single turn in a conversation.
+type LocomoTurn struct {
+	Speaker string `json:"speaker"`
+	DiaID   string `json:"dia_id"`
+	Text    string `json:"text"`
+}
+
+// LocomoQA represents a question-answer pair with evidence.
+type LocomoQA struct {
+	Question          string          `json:"question"`
+	Answer            json.RawMessage `json:"answer"`             // can be string or int (category 1-4)
+	AdversarialAnswer string          `json:"adversarial_answer"` // category 5 only
+	Evidence          []string        `json:"evidence"`
+	Category          int             `json:"category"` // 1=single-hop, 2=multi-hop, 3=open-ended, 5=adversarial
+}
+
+// AnswerString returns the answer as a string, handling both string and int types.
+func (qa *LocomoQA) AnswerString() string {
+	// Prefer answer field (category 1-4)
+	if len(qa.Answer) > 0 {
+		var s string
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(qa.Answer, &s); err == nil {
+			return s
+		}
+		var n json.Number
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(qa.Answer, &n); err == nil {
+			return n.String()
+		}
+		return strings.Trim(string(qa.Answer), `"`)
+	}
+	// Fallback to adversarial_answer (category 5)
+	return qa.AdversarialAnswer
+}
+
+// LoadDataset reads all JSON files from dataDir and returns parsed samples.
+func LoadDataset(dataDir string) ([]LocomoSample, error) {
+	entries, err := os.ReadDir(dataDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read data dir %s: %w", dataDir, err)
+	}
+
+	var samples []LocomoSample
+	for _, entry := range entries {
+		if !entry.IsDir() && strings.HasSuffix(entry.Name(), ".json") {
+			path := filepath.Join(dataDir, entry.Name())
+			data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("read file %s: %w", path, err)
+			}
+			var batch []LocomoSample
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &batch); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse file %s: %w", path, err)
+			}
+			samples = append(samples, batch...)
+		}
+	}
+	return samples, nil
+}
+
+// GetSessionNames returns sorted session keys (session_1, session_2, ...) from conversation.
+func GetSessionNames(conv map[string]json.RawMessage) []string {
+	var names []string
+	for k := range conv {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(k, "session_") && !strings.Contains(k, "_date_time") {
+			names = append(names, k)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Slice(names, func(i, j int) bool {
+		ni := sessionNum(names[i])
+		nj := sessionNum(names[j])
+		return ni < nj
+	})
+	return names
+}
+
+func sessionNum(key string) int {
+	// "session_1" → 1, "session_10" → 10
+	parts := strings.SplitN(key, "_", 2)
+	if len(parts) < 2 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	n, _ := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
+	return n
+}
+
+// GetTurns flattens all sessions' turns in chronological order.
+func GetTurns(sample *LocomoSample) []LocomoTurn {
+	names := GetSessionNames(sample.Conversation)
+	var all []LocomoTurn
+	for _, name := range names {
+		raw, ok := sample.Conversation[name]
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		var turns []LocomoTurn
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &turns); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("WARNING: unmarshal failed for session %q in sample %s: %v", name, sample.SampleID, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		all = append(all, turns...)
+	}
+	return all
+}
+
+// GetTurnByDiaID finds a specific turn by dia_id (e.g. "D1:3").
+func GetTurnByDiaID(sample *LocomoSample, diaID string) *LocomoTurn {
+	turns := GetTurns(sample)
+	for i := range turns {
+		if turns[i].DiaID == diaID {
+			return &turns[i]
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetSpeakers returns the two speaker names from conversation metadata.
+func GetSpeakers(conv map[string]json.RawMessage) (string, string) {
+	var a, b string
+	json.Unmarshal(conv["speaker_a"], &a)
+	json.Unmarshal(conv["speaker_b"], &b)
+	return a, b
+}

cmd/membench/locomo_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestAnswerString(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		json string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			"string answer",
+			`{"question":"Q","answer":"Paris","evidence":[],"category":1}`,
+			"Paris",
+		},
+		{
+			"int answer",
+			`{"question":"Q","answer":42,"evidence":[],"category":1}`,
+			"42",
+		},
+		{
+			"adversarial answer (category 5)",
+			`{"question":"Q","evidence":[],"category":5,"adversarial_answer":"self-care is important"}`,
+			"self-care is important",
+		},
+		{
+			"both answer and adversarial_answer present",
+			`{"question":"Q","answer":"normal","evidence":[],"category":5,"adversarial_answer":"adversarial"}`,
+			"normal",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var qa LocomoQA
+			if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(tt.json), &qa); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("unmarshal: %v", err)
+			}
+			got := qa.AnswerString()
+			if got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("AnswerString() = %q, want %q", got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetSessionNames(t *testing.T) {
+	conv := map[string]json.RawMessage{
+		"session_2":           {},
+		"session_1":           {},
+		"session_10":          {},
+		"session_1_date_time": {},
+		"speaker_a":           {},
+	}
+	names := GetSessionNames(conv)
+	want := []string{"session_1", "session_2", "session_10"}
+	if len(names) != len(want) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %v, want %v", names, want)
+	}
+	for i, n := range names {
+		if n != want[i] {
+			t.Errorf("names[%d] = %q, want %q", i, n, want[i])
+		}
+	}
+}

cmd/membench/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/logger"
+)
+
+var (
+	flagData         string
+	flagOut          string
+	flagMode         string
+	flagBudget       int
+	flagEvalMode     string
+	flagAPIBase      string
+	flagAPIKey       string
+	flagModel        string
+	flagNoThinking   bool
+	flagLimit        int
+	flagTimeout      int
+	flagRetries      int
+	flagJudgeModel   string
+	flagJudgeAPIBase string
+	flagJudgeAPIKey  string
+	flagConcurrency  int
+)
+
+func main() {
+	// Suppress seahorse INFO logs during benchmark
+	logger.SetLevel(logger.WARN)
+
+	rootCmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "membench",
+		Short: "Memory benchmark tool for picoclaw",
+	}
+
+	ingestCmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "ingest",
+		Short: "Load LOCOMO data into storage backends",
+		RunE:  runIngest,
+	}
+	ingestCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagData, "data", "", "LOCOMO dataset directory (required)")
+	ingestCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagOut, "out", "./bench-out", "output working directory")
+	ingestCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagMode, "mode", "all", "modes to ingest: legacy, seahorse, or all")
+
+	evalCmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "eval",
+		Short: "Run QA evaluation against ingested data",
+		RunE:  runEval,
+	}
+	evalCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagData, "data", "", "LOCOMO dataset directory (required)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagOut, "out", "./bench-out", "output working directory")
+	evalCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagMode, "mode", "all", "modes to evaluate: legacy, seahorse, or all")
+	evalCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagBudget, "budget", 4000, "token budget for retrieval")
+	evalCmd.Flags().
+		StringVar(&flagEvalMode, "eval-mode", "token", "evaluation mode: token (direct match) or llm (LLM-as-Judge)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().
+		StringVar(&flagAPIBase, "api-base", "", "API base URL with version path, e.g. http://host/v1 (default: http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1, env: MEMBENCH_API_BASE)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagAPIKey, "api-key", "", "API key for the LLM endpoint (env: MEMBENCH_API_KEY)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagModel, "model", "", "model name for LLM eval (env: MEMBENCH_MODEL)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().
+		BoolVar(&flagNoThinking, "no-thinking", false, "disable thinking mode via chat_template_kwargs (llama.cpp + Qwen)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagLimit, "limit", 0, "max QA questions per sample (0 = all)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagTimeout, "timeout", 120, "HTTP timeout in seconds for LLM requests")
+	evalCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagRetries, "retries", 3, "max retry attempts for transient LLM errors (timeout/5xx/429)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagJudgeModel, "judge-model", "", "model for judge scoring (defaults to --model)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().
+		StringVar(&flagJudgeAPIBase, "judge-api-base", "", "API base URL for judge model (defaults to --api-base)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagJudgeAPIKey, "judge-api-key", "", "API key for judge model (defaults to --api-key)")
+	evalCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagConcurrency, "concurrency", 1, "number of concurrent QA evaluations")
+
+	reportCmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "report",
+		Short: "Output comparison results from evaluation",
+		RunE:  runReport,
+	}
+	reportCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagOut, "out", "./bench-out", "output working directory")
+
+	runCmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "run",
+		Short: "Convenience: eval + report (ingestion is done inline)",
+		RunE:  runAll,
+	}
+	runCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagData, "data", "", "LOCOMO dataset directory (required)")
+	runCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagOut, "out", "./bench-out", "output working directory")
+	runCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagMode, "mode", "all", "modes to run: legacy, seahorse, or all")
+	runCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagBudget, "budget", 4000, "token budget for retrieval")
+	runCmd.Flags().
+		StringVar(&flagEvalMode, "eval-mode", "token", "evaluation mode: token (direct match) or llm (LLM-as-Judge)")
+	runCmd.Flags().
+		StringVar(&flagAPIBase, "api-base", "", "API base URL with version path, e.g. http://host/v1 (default: http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1, env: MEMBENCH_API_BASE)")
+	runCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagAPIKey, "api-key", "", "API key for the LLM endpoint (env: MEMBENCH_API_KEY)")
+	runCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagModel, "model", "", "model name for LLM eval (env: MEMBENCH_MODEL)")
+	runCmd.Flags().
+		BoolVar(&flagNoThinking, "no-thinking", false, "disable thinking mode via chat_template_kwargs (llama.cpp + Qwen)")
+	runCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagLimit, "limit", 0, "max QA questions per sample (0 = all)")
+	runCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagTimeout, "timeout", 120, "HTTP timeout in seconds for LLM requests")
+	runCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagRetries, "retries", 3, "max retry attempts for transient LLM errors (timeout/5xx/429)")
+	runCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagJudgeModel, "judge-model", "", "model for judge scoring (defaults to --model)")
+	runCmd.Flags().
+		StringVar(&flagJudgeAPIBase, "judge-api-base", "", "API base URL for judge model (defaults to --api-base)")
+	runCmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagJudgeAPIKey, "judge-api-key", "", "API key for judge model (defaults to --api-key)")
+	runCmd.Flags().IntVar(&flagConcurrency, "concurrency", 1, "number of concurrent QA evaluations")
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(ingestCmd, evalCmd, reportCmd, runCmd)
+
+	if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}
+
+func modesFromFlag() []string {
+	switch strings.ToLower(flagMode) {
+	case "all":
+		return []string{"legacy", "seahorse"}
+	default:
+		return []string{strings.ToLower(flagMode)}
+	}
+}
+
+func runIngest(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	if flagData == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--data is required")
+	}
+	modes := modesFromFlag()
+	if len(modes) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	samples, err := LoadDataset(flagData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("load dataset: %w", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("Loaded %d samples from %s", len(samples), flagData)
+
+	for _, mode := range modes {
+		switch mode {
+		case "legacy":
+			legacy := NewLegacyStore()
+			for i := range samples {
+				legacy.IngestSample(&samples[i])
+			}
+			log.Printf("legacy: ingested %d samples", len(samples))
+		case "seahorse":
+			dbPath := filepath.Join(flagOut, "seahorse.db")
+			if err := os.MkdirAll(flagOut, 0o755); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("create out dir: %w", err)
+			}
+			_, err := IngestSeahorse(ctx, samples, dbPath)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("ingest seahorse: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func runEval(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	if flagData == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--data is required")
+	}
+	modes := modesFromFlag()
+	if len(modes) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	samples, err := LoadDataset(flagData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("load dataset: %w", err)
+	}
+	log.Printf("Loaded %d samples", len(samples))
+
+	if flagLimit > 0 {
+		for i := range samples {
+			if len(samples[i].QA) > flagLimit {
+				samples[i].QA = samples[i].QA[:flagLimit]
+			}
+		}
+		log.Printf("Limited to %d QA per sample", flagLimit)
+	}
+
+	evalMode := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(flagEvalMode))
+	var useLLM bool
+	switch evalMode {
+	case "token":
+		useLLM = false
+	case "llm":
+		useLLM = true
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid --eval-mode %q: must be token or llm", flagEvalMode)
+	}
+	var answerClient, judgeClient *LLMClient
+	if useLLM {
+		opts, err := buildLLMOptions()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		answerClient = NewLLMClient(opts)
+		judgeClient = answerClient // default: same client
+		if flagJudgeModel != "" {
+			jOpts := opts // copy base settings
+			jOpts.Model = flagJudgeModel
+			if flagJudgeAPIBase != "" {
+				jOpts.BaseURL = flagJudgeAPIBase
+			}
+			if flagJudgeAPIKey != "" {
+				jOpts.APIKey = flagJudgeAPIKey
+			}
+			judgeClient = NewLLMClient(jOpts)
+			log.Printf("Judge model: model=%s base=%s no-thinking=%v", jOpts.Model, jOpts.BaseURL, jOpts.NoThinking)
+		}
+		log.Printf("LLM eval mode: model=%s base=%s no-thinking=%v concurrency=%d",
+			opts.Model, opts.BaseURL, opts.NoThinking, flagConcurrency)
+	}
+
+	var tokenResults, llmResults []EvalResult
+
+	for _, mode := range modes {
+		switch mode {
+		case "legacy":
+			legacy := NewLegacyStore()
+			for i := range samples {
+				legacy.IngestSample(&samples[i])
+			}
+			if useLLM {
+				results := EvalLegacyLLM(ctx, samples, legacy, flagBudget, answerClient, judgeClient, flagConcurrency)
+				llmResults = append(llmResults, results...)
+				log.Printf("legacy-llm: evaluated %d samples", len(results))
+			} else {
+				results := EvalLegacy(ctx, samples, legacy, flagBudget)
+				tokenResults = append(tokenResults, results...)
+				log.Printf("legacy: evaluated %d samples", len(results))
+			}
+		case "seahorse":
+			dbPath := filepath.Join(flagOut, "seahorse.db")
+			ir, err := IngestSeahorse(ctx, samples, dbPath)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("ingest seahorse: %w", err)
+			}
+			if useLLM {
+				results := EvalSeahorseLLM(ctx, samples, ir, flagBudget, answerClient, judgeClient, flagConcurrency)
+				llmResults = append(llmResults, results...)
+				log.Printf("seahorse-llm: evaluated %d samples", len(results))
+			} else {
+				results := EvalSeahorse(ctx, samples, ir, flagBudget)
+				tokenResults = append(tokenResults, results...)
+				log.Printf("seahorse: evaluated %d samples", len(results))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	allResults := append(tokenResults, llmResults...)
+	if err := SaveResults(allResults, flagOut); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("save results: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := SaveAggregated(allResults, flagOut); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("save aggregated: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	PrintComparison(tokenResults, llmResults)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func runReport(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	entries, err := os.ReadDir(flagOut)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("read out dir: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var allResults []EvalResult
+	for _, entry := range entries {
+		if !entry.IsDir() && strings.HasPrefix(entry.Name(), "eval_") && strings.HasSuffix(entry.Name(), ".json") {
+			path := filepath.Join(flagOut, entry.Name())
+			var r EvalResult
+			data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("WARN: read %s: %v", path, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &r); err != nil {
+				log.Printf("WARN: parse %s: %v", path, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			allResults = append(allResults, r)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(allResults) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no eval results found in %s", flagOut)
+	}
+
+	var tokenResults, llmResults []EvalResult
+	for _, r := range allResults {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(r.Mode, "-llm") {
+			llmResults = append(llmResults, r)
+		} else {
+			tokenResults = append(tokenResults, r)
+		}
+	}
+	PrintComparison(tokenResults, llmResults)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func runAll(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	return runEval(cmd, args)
+}
+
+// envOrFlag returns the flag value if non-empty, otherwise falls back to the
+// environment variable.
+func envOrFlag(flag, envKey string) string {
+	if flag != "" {
+		return flag
+	}
+	return os.Getenv(envKey)
+}
+
+// buildLLMOptions resolves LLM client configuration from flags and environment
+// variables. Flag values take precedence over environment variables.
+//
+// Environment variables:
+//
+//	MEMBENCH_API_BASE  – OpenAI-compatible base URL  (default http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1)
+//	MEMBENCH_API_KEY   – Bearer token for the endpoint
+//	MEMBENCH_MODEL     – Model name to send in the request
+func buildLLMOptions() (LLMClientOptions, error) {
+	base := envOrFlag(flagAPIBase, "MEMBENCH_API_BASE")
+	if base == "" {
+		base = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1"
+	}
+	model := envOrFlag(flagModel, "MEMBENCH_MODEL")
+	if model == "" {
+		return LLMClientOptions{}, fmt.Errorf(
+			"--model or MEMBENCH_MODEL is required for LLM eval mode",
+		)
+	}
+	apiKey := envOrFlag(flagAPIKey, "MEMBENCH_API_KEY")
+
+	if flagTimeout <= 0 {
+		return LLMClientOptions{}, fmt.Errorf("--timeout must be > 0, got %d", flagTimeout)
+	}
+
+	return LLMClientOptions{
+		BaseURL:    base,
+		Model:      model,
+		APIKey:     apiKey,
+		NoThinking: flagNoThinking,
+		Timeout:    time.Duration(flagTimeout) * time.Second,
+		MaxRetries: flagRetries,
+	}, nil
+}

cmd/membench/metrics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"regexp"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+// diaIDRe matches valid dia_id patterns like "D1:3", "D30:5".
+var diaIDRe = regexp.MustCompile(`^D(\d+):(\d+)$`)
+
+// SplitEvidenceIDs splits an evidence string that may contain multiple
+// semicolon-separated or space-separated dia_ids. Only returns valid IDs.
+// Example: "D8:6; D9:17" → ["D8:6", "D9:17"]
+// Example: "D9:1 D4:4 D4:6" → ["D9:1", "D4:4", "D4:6"]
+func SplitEvidenceIDs(evidence string) []string {
+	if evidence == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Split on semicolons first, then spaces
+	parts := strings.Split(evidence, ";")
+	var ids []string
+	for _, part := range parts {
+		for _, token := range strings.Fields(strings.TrimSpace(part)) {
+			token = strings.TrimSpace(token)
+			if diaIDRe.MatchString(token) {
+				ids = append(ids, NormalizeDiaID(token))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return ids
+}
+
+// NormalizeDiaID strips leading zeros from the number parts of a dia_id.
+// "D30:05" → "D30:5", "D10:003" → "D10:3"
+func NormalizeDiaID(id string) string {
+	m := diaIDRe.FindStringSubmatch(id)
+	if m == nil {
+		return id
+	}
+	session, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[1])
+	turn, _ := strconv.Atoi(m[2])
+	return fmt.Sprintf("D%d:%d", session, turn)
+}
+
+// stopwords is a fixed English stopword list for deterministic keyword extraction.
+var stopwords = map[string]struct{}{
+	"a": {}, "an": {}, "the": {},
+	"is": {}, "are": {}, "was": {}, "were": {},
+	"did": {}, "does": {}, "do": {},
+	"when": {}, "where": {}, "what": {}, "who": {},
+	"how": {}, "why": {},
+	"to": {}, "of": {}, "in": {}, "on": {}, "at": {},
+	"for": {}, "and": {}, "or": {}, "but": {}, "not": {},
+	"it": {}, "this": {}, "that": {}, "with": {},
+	"from": {}, "by": {}, "as": {},
+	"if": {}, "then": {}, "than": {}, "so": {},
+	"no": {}, "yes": {},
+	"all": {}, "any": {}, "each": {}, "every": {},
+	"some": {}, "such": {},
+	"about": {}, "into": {}, "over": {},
+	"after": {}, "before": {}, "between": {},
+	"through": {}, "during": {}, "until": {},
+	"would": {}, "could": {}, "should": {},
+	"may": {}, "might": {}, "can": {},
+	"will": {}, "shall": {}, "must": {},
+	"have": {}, "has": {}, "had": {},
+	"been": {}, "being": {}, "be": {},
+	"go": {}, "went": {}, "gone": {},
+	"i": {}, "you": {}, "me": {}, "my": {}, "your": {},
+	"we": {}, "they": {}, "them": {}, "our": {},
+	"its": {}, "their": {}, "he": {}, "she": {},
+	"his": {}, "her": {},
+}
+
+// ExtractKeywords removes stopwords and punctuation, returns individual keywords.
+// Deterministic: uses fixed stopword list, no LLM.
+func ExtractKeywords(question string) []string {
+	// Lowercase and split on whitespace/punctuation
+	lower := strings.ToLower(question)
+	words := strings.FieldsFunc(lower, func(r rune) bool {
+		return !unicode.IsLetter(r) && !unicode.IsDigit(r)
+	})
+
+	var keywords []string
+	for _, w := range words {
+		if w == "" || len(w) < 2 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, ok := stopwords[w]; ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		keywords = append(keywords, w)
+		if len(keywords) >= 6 {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return keywords
+}
+
+// TokenOverlapF1 computes token-level F1 between prediction and reference.
+// Both strings are lowercased and split on whitespace.
+// NOTE: This metric underestimates quality for multi-hop (cat 2) and
+// open-ended (cat 3) questions where the gold answer uses different phrasing
+// than the source text. LLM-Judge scoring is a v2 follow-up.
+func TokenOverlapF1(prediction, reference string) float64 {
+	predTokens := tokenize(prediction)
+	refTokens := tokenize(reference)
+
+	if len(predTokens) == 0 && len(refTokens) == 0 {
+		return 1.0
+	}
+	if len(predTokens) == 0 || len(refTokens) == 0 {
+		return 0.0
+	}
+
+	// Count matches
+	refCount := map[string]int{}
+	for _, t := range refTokens {
+		refCount[t]++
+	}
+
+	predCount := map[string]int{}
+	for _, t := range predTokens {
+		predCount[t]++
+	}
+
+	var matches float64
+	for token, pc := range predCount {
+		if rc, ok := refCount[token]; ok {
+			matches += float64(min(pc, rc))
+		}
+	}
+
+	precision := matches / float64(len(predTokens))
+	recall := matches / float64(len(refTokens))
+
+	if precision+recall == 0 {
+		return 0.0
+	}
+	return 2 * precision * recall / (precision + recall)
+}
+
+func tokenize(s string) []string {
+	lower := strings.ToLower(s)
+	return strings.Fields(lower)
+}
+
+// RecallHitRate computes fraction of evidence IDs found in retrieved content.
+// For each evidence dia_id, looks up the turn text and checks substring match.
+// Logs a warning for turns with text < 20 chars (higher false-positive risk).
+func RecallHitRate(evidenceIDs []string, sample *LocomoSample, retrievedContent string) float64 {
+	if len(evidenceIDs) == 0 {
+		return 1.0 // no evidence required = perfect
+	}
+
+	// Expand any multi-ID evidence entries (e.g. "D8:6; D9:17" or "D9:1 D4:4")
+	var expanded []string
+	for _, id := range evidenceIDs {
+		split := SplitEvidenceIDs(id)
+		if split != nil {
+			expanded = append(expanded, split...)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(expanded) == 0 {
+		log.Printf("WARNING: no valid dia_ids after expanding evidence %v", evidenceIDs)
+		return float64(0) / float64(len(evidenceIDs))
+	}
+
+	// Build turn index once (avoids re-parsing JSON per ID)
+	turns := GetTurns(sample)
+	turnMap := make(map[string]*LocomoTurn, len(turns))
+	for i := range turns {
+		turnMap[turns[i].DiaID] = &turns[i]
+	}
+
+	lowerRetrieved := strings.ToLower(retrievedContent)
+	found := 0
+	resolvable := 0
+	for _, diaID := range expanded {
+		turn, ok := turnMap[diaID]
+		if !ok {
+			log.Printf("WARNING: dia_id %q not found in sample %s", diaID, sample.SampleID)
+			continue
+		}
+		resolvable++
+		if len(turn.Text) < 20 {
+			log.Printf("WARNING: short turn text (%d chars) for dia_id %s: %q",
+				len(turn.Text), diaID, turn.Text)
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(lowerRetrieved, strings.ToLower(turn.Text)) {
+			found++
+		}
+	}
+	if resolvable == 0 {
+		return 0.0 // no resolvable evidence = can't evaluate
+	}
+	return float64(found) / float64(resolvable)
+}
+
+// BudgetTruncate truncates messages to fit within a token budget.
+// Returns the truncated messages and total token count.
+func BudgetTruncate(messages []string, budgetTokens int) ([]string, int) {
+	var result []string
+	total := 0
+	// Walk from the front (best first) and keep until budget exhausted.
+	for i := 0; i < len(messages); i++ {
+		tokens := len(messages[i]) / 4
+		if total+tokens > budgetTokens && len(result) > 0 {
+			break
+		}
+		result = append(result, messages[i])
+		total += tokens
+	}
+	return result, total
+}
+
+// StringListToContent joins a list of strings into a single content string.
+func StringListToContent(parts []string) string {
+	return strings.Join(parts, "\n")
+}

cmd/membench/metrics_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestSplitEvidenceIDs(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		input string
+		want  []string
+	}{
+		{"D1:3", []string{"D1:3"}},
+		{"D8:6; D9:17", []string{"D8:6", "D9:17"}},
+		{"D9:1 D4:4 D4:6", []string{"D9:1", "D4:4", "D4:6"}},
+		{"D22:1 D22:2 D9:10 D9:11", []string{"D22:1", "D22:2", "D9:10", "D9:11"}},
+		{"D21:18 D21:22 D11:15 D11:19", []string{"D21:18", "D21:22", "D11:15", "D11:19"}},
+		{"D30:05", []string{"D30:5"}},
+		{"D", nil},
+		{"D:", nil},
+		{"", nil},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.input, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := SplitEvidenceIDs(tt.input)
+			if len(got) != len(tt.want) {
+				t.Fatalf("SplitEvidenceIDs(%q) = %v, want %v", tt.input, got, tt.want)
+			}
+			for i := range got {
+				if got[i] != tt.want[i] {
+					t.Errorf("[%d] = %q, want %q", i, got[i], tt.want[i])
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeDiaID(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		input string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{"D1:3", "D1:3"},
+		{"D30:05", "D30:5"},
+		{"D10:003", "D10:3"},
+		{"D1:0", "D1:0"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		got := NormalizeDiaID(tt.input)
+		if got != tt.want {
+			t.Errorf("NormalizeDiaID(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.input, got, tt.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTokenOverlapF1(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name       string
+		prediction string
+		reference  string
+		want       float64
+	}{
+		{"exact match", "hello world", "hello world", 1.0},
+		{"no overlap", "foo bar", "baz qux", 0.0},
+		{"empty both", "", "", 1.0},
+		{"empty prediction", "", "hello", 0.0},
+		{"empty reference", "hello", "", 0.0},
+		{"partial overlap", "the cat sat on the mat", "the cat on the floor", 8.0 / 11.0},
+		{"case insensitive", "Hello World", "hello world", 1.0},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := TokenOverlapF1(tt.prediction, tt.reference)
+			if math.Abs(got-tt.want) > 1e-9 {
+				t.Errorf("TokenOverlapF1(%q, %q) = %.4f, want %.4f",
+					tt.prediction, tt.reference, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBudgetTruncate(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("within budget returns all", func(t *testing.T) {
+		msgs := []string{"short", "message", "here"}
+		result, total := BudgetTruncate(msgs, 1000)
+		if len(result) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 3 messages, got %d", len(result))
+		}
+		if total == 0 {
+			t.Error("expected non-zero token count")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("over budget keeps best first", func(t *testing.T) {
+		msgs := []string{
+			"best message that is quite long and takes up tokens",
+			"good message also fairly long content",
+			"worst short",
+		}
+		result, _ := BudgetTruncate(msgs, 5) // very small budget
+		if len(result) == 0 {
+			t.Fatal("expected at least one message")
+		}
+		// Best-ranked (first) should be kept
+		if result[0] != "best message that is quite long and takes up tokens" {
+			t.Errorf("expected best message kept first, got %q", result[0])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("over budget keeps best ranked first", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Messages are sorted by bm25 rank ascending (best/most-negative first).
+		// When budget is insufficient, BudgetTruncate must keep the front
+		// (best-ranked) messages, not the tail (worst-ranked).
+		msgs := []string{
+			"best ranked message with some content here",
+			"second best message also has content",
+			"third message here too",
+			"worst ranked short",
+		}
+		// Budget only fits ~1 message (~10 tokens per message, budget=12)
+		result, _ := BudgetTruncate(msgs, 12)
+		if len(result) == 0 {
+			t.Fatal("expected at least one message")
+		}
+		if result[0] != "best ranked message with some content here" {
+			t.Errorf("expected best-ranked (first) message kept, got %q", result[0])
+		}
+		// Worst-ranked (last) must NOT appear
+		for _, m := range result {
+			if m == "worst ranked short" {
+				t.Error("worst-ranked message should have been truncated")
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves original order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		msgs := []string{"alpha", "beta", "gamma"}
+		result, _ := BudgetTruncate(msgs, 100)
+		for i, got := range result {
+			if got != msgs[i] {
+				t.Errorf("result[%d] = %q, want %q", i, got, msgs[i])
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty input", func(t *testing.T) {
+		result, total := BudgetTruncate(nil, 100)
+		if len(result) != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 0 messages, got %d", len(result))
+		}
+		if total != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 0 tokens, got %d", total)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestRecallHitRate(t *testing.T) {
+	// Build a sample with known turns
+	sample := &LocomoSample{
+		SampleID: "test-sample",
+		Conversation: map[string]json.RawMessage{
+			"session_1": json.RawMessage(`[
+				{"speaker":"A","dia_id":"D1:1","text":"hello world this is a test message with enough length"},
+				{"speaker":"B","dia_id":"D1:2","text":"another message for testing recall computation purposes here"},
+				{"speaker":"A","dia_id":"D1:3","text":"third turn with some more content to test"}
+			]`),
+		},
+	}
+
+	t.Run("all evidence found", func(t *testing.T) {
+		retrieved := "hello world this is a test message with enough length another message for testing recall computation purposes here"
+		got := RecallHitRate([]string{"D1:1", "D1:2"}, sample, retrieved)
+		if math.Abs(got-1.0) > 1e-9 {
+			t.Errorf("RecallHitRate all found = %.4f, want 1.0", got)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("partial evidence found", func(t *testing.T) {
+		retrieved := "hello world this is a test message with enough length"
+		got := RecallHitRate([]string{"D1:1", "D1:2"}, sample, retrieved)
+		if math.Abs(got-0.5) > 1e-9 {
+			t.Errorf("RecallHitRate partial = %.4f, want 0.5", got)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no evidence required", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := RecallHitRate(nil, sample, "anything")
+		if got != 1.0 {
+			t.Errorf("RecallHitRate no evidence = %.4f, want 1.0", got)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("missing turn excluded from denominator", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// D1:1 is found, D99:1 does not exist in sample
+		// Should only count resolvable turns in denominator
+		retrieved := "hello world this is a test message with enough length"
+		got := RecallHitRate([]string{"D1:1", "D99:1"}, sample, retrieved)
+		if math.Abs(got-1.0) > 1e-9 {
+			t.Errorf("RecallHitRate missing turn = %.4f, want 1.0 (unresolvable excluded)", got)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestExtractKeywords(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		input string
+		want  []string
+	}{
+		{"simple", "What is the capital of France", []string{"capital", "france"}},
+		{
+			"stops removed",
+			"Who is the president of the United States",
+			[]string{"president", "united", "states"},
+		},
+		{
+			"max 6 keywords",
+			"one two three four five six seven eight nine ten",
+			[]string{"one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six"},
+		},
+		{"short words filtered", "I am a go to the store", []string{"am", "store"}},
+		{"empty", "", nil},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := ExtractKeywords(tt.input)
+			if len(got) != len(tt.want) {
+				t.Fatalf("ExtractKeywords(%q) = %v (len %d), want %v (len %d)",
+					tt.input, got, len(got), tt.want, len(tt.want))
+			}
+			for i := range got {
+				if got[i] != tt.want[i] {
+					t.Errorf("[%d] = %q, want %q", i, got[i], tt.want[i])
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/config/store.go

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-package configstore
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-
-	picoclawconfig "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
-)
-
-const (
-	configDirName  = ".picoclaw"
-	configFileName = "config.json"
-)
-
-func ConfigPath() (string, error) {
-	dir, err := ConfigDir()
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return filepath.Join(dir, configFileName), nil
-}
-
-func ConfigDir() (string, error) {
-	home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return filepath.Join(home, configDirName), nil
-}
-
-func Load() (*picoclawconfig.Config, error) {
-	path, err := ConfigPath()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return picoclawconfig.LoadConfig(path)
-}
-
-func Save(cfg *picoclawconfig.Config) error {
-	if cfg == nil {
-		return errors.New("config is nil")
-	}
-	path, err := ConfigPath()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return picoclawconfig.SaveConfig(path, cfg)
-}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/ui/app.go

@@ -1,522 +0,0 @@
-package ui
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/gdamore/tcell/v2"
-	"github.com/rivo/tview"
-
-	configstore "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/config"
-	picoclawconfig "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
-)
-
-type appState struct {
-	app         *tview.Application
-	pages       *tview.Pages
-	stack       []string
-	config      *picoclawconfig.Config
-	configPath  string
-	gatewayCmd  *exec.Cmd
-	menus       map[string]*Menu
-	original    []byte
-	hasOriginal bool
-	backupPath  string
-	dirty       bool
-	logPath     string
-}
-
-func Run() error {
-	applyStyles()
-	cfg, err := configstore.Load()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	path, err := configstore.ConfigPath()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if cfg == nil {
-		cfg = picoclawconfig.DefaultConfig()
-	}
-
-	originalData, hasOriginal := loadOriginalConfig(path)
-	backupPath := path + ".bak"
-	if hasOriginal {
-		_ = writeBackupConfig(backupPath, originalData)
-	}
-
-	logPath := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(path), "gateway.log")
-	state := &appState{
-		app:         tview.NewApplication(),
-		pages:       tview.NewPages(),
-		config:      cfg,
-		configPath:  path,
-		menus:       map[string]*Menu{},
-		original:    originalData,
-		hasOriginal: hasOriginal,
-		backupPath:  backupPath,
-		logPath:     logPath,
-	}
-
-	state.push("main", state.mainMenu())
-
-	root := tview.NewFlex().SetDirection(tview.FlexRow)
-	root.AddItem(bannerView(), 6, 0, false)
-	root.AddItem(state.pages, 0, 1, true)
-	root.AddItem(footerView(), 1, 0, false)
-
-	if err := state.app.SetRoot(root, true).EnableMouse(false).Run(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (s *appState) push(name string, primitive tview.Primitive) {
-	s.pages.AddPage(name, primitive, true, true)
-	s.stack = append(s.stack, name)
-	s.pages.SwitchToPage(name)
-	if menu, ok := primitive.(*Menu); ok {
-		s.menus[name] = menu
-	}
-}
-
-func (s *appState) pop() {
-	if len(s.stack) == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-	last := s.stack[len(s.stack)-1]
-	s.pages.RemovePage(last)
-	s.stack = s.stack[:len(s.stack)-1]
-	if len(s.stack) == 0 {
-		s.app.Stop()
-		return
-	}
-	current := s.stack[len(s.stack)-1]
-	s.pages.SwitchToPage(current)
-	if menu, ok := s.menus[current]; ok {
-		s.refreshMenu(current, menu)
-	}
-}
-
-func (s *appState) mainMenu() tview.Primitive {
-	menu := NewMenu("Menu", nil)
-	refreshMainMenu(menu, s)
-	menu.SetInputCapture(func(event *tcell.EventKey) *tcell.EventKey {
-		switch event.Key() {
-		case tcell.KeyEsc:
-			s.requestExit()
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		return event
-	})
-
-	return menu
-}
-
-func (s *appState) refreshMenu(name string, menu *Menu) {
-	switch name {
-	case "main":
-		refreshMainMenu(menu, s)
-	case "model":
-		refreshModelMenuFromState(menu, s)
-	case "channel":
-		refreshChannelMenuFromState(menu, s)
-	}
-}
-
-func (s *appState) countChannels() (enabled int, total int) {
-	c := s.config.Channels
-	entries := []bool{
-		c.Telegram.Enabled,
-		c.Discord.Enabled,
-		c.QQ.Enabled,
-		c.MaixCam.Enabled,
-		c.WhatsApp.Enabled,
-		c.Feishu.Enabled,
-		c.DingTalk.Enabled,
-		c.Slack.Enabled,
-		c.Matrix.Enabled,
-		c.LINE.Enabled,
-		c.OneBot.Enabled,
-		c.WeCom.Enabled,
-		c.WeComApp.Enabled,
-	}
-	total = len(entries)
-	for _, v := range entries {
-		if v {
-			enabled++
-		}
-	}
-	return enabled, total
-}
-
-func refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s *appState) {
-	if menu, ok := s.menus["main"]; ok {
-		refreshMainMenu(menu, s)
-	}
-}
-
-func refreshMainMenu(menu *Menu, s *appState) {
-	selectedModel := s.selectedModelName()
-	modelReady := selectedModel != ""
-	channelReady := s.hasEnabledChannel()
-	enabledCount, totalChannels := s.countChannels()
-	gatewayRunning := s.gatewayCmd != nil || s.isGatewayRunning()
-
-	gatewayLabel := "Start Gateway"
-	gatewayDescription := "Launch gateway for channels"
-	if gatewayRunning {
-		gatewayLabel = "Stop Gateway"
-		gatewayDescription = "Gateway running"
-	}
-
-	items := []MenuItem{
-		{
-			Label:       rootModelLabel(selectedModel),
-			Description: rootModelDescription(),
-			Action: func() {
-				s.push("model", s.modelMenu())
-			},
-			MainColor: func() *tcell.Color {
-				if modelReady {
-					return nil
-				}
-				color := tcell.ColorGray
-				return &color
-			}(),
-		},
-		{
-			Label:       rootChannelLabel(channelReady),
-			Description: fmt.Sprintf("%d/%d enabled", enabledCount, totalChannels),
-			Action: func() {
-				s.push("channel", s.channelMenu())
-			},
-			MainColor: func() *tcell.Color {
-				if channelReady {
-					return nil
-				}
-				color := tcell.ColorGray
-				return &color
-			}(),
-		},
-		{
-			Label:       "Start Talk",
-			Description: "Open picoclaw agent in terminal",
-			Action: func() {
-				s.requestStartTalk()
-			},
-			Disabled: !modelReady,
-		},
-		{
-			Label:       gatewayLabel,
-			Description: gatewayDescription,
-			Action: func() {
-				if gatewayRunning {
-					s.stopGateway()
-				} else {
-					s.requestStartGateway()
-				}
-				refreshMainMenu(menu, s)
-			},
-			Disabled: !gatewayRunning && (!modelReady || !channelReady),
-		},
-		{
-			Label:       "View Gateway Log",
-			Description: "Open gateway.log",
-			Action: func() {
-				s.viewGatewayLog()
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			Label:       "Exit",
-			Description: "Exit the TUI",
-			Action: func() {
-				s.requestExit()
-			},
-		},
-	}
-	menu.applyItems(items)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) applyChangesValidated() bool {
-	if err := s.config.ValidateModelList(); err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Validation failed", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-	if err := s.validateAgentModel(); err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Validation failed", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-	if err := configstore.Save(s.config); err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Save failed", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-	if data, err := os.ReadFile(s.configPath); err == nil {
-		s.original = data
-		s.hasOriginal = true
-		_ = writeBackupConfig(s.backupPath, data)
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-func (s *appState) requestExit() {
-	if s.dirty {
-		s.confirmApplyOrDiscard(func() {
-			s.app.Stop()
-		}, func() {
-			s.discardChanges()
-			s.app.Stop()
-		})
-		return
-	}
-	s.app.Stop()
-}
-
-func (s *appState) requestStartTalk() {
-	if s.dirty {
-		s.confirmApplyOrDiscard(func() {
-			s.startTalk()
-		}, func() {
-			s.startTalk()
-		})
-		return
-	}
-	s.startTalk()
-}
-
-func (s *appState) requestStartGateway() {
-	if s.dirty {
-		s.confirmApplyOrDiscard(func() {
-			s.startGateway()
-		}, func() {
-			s.startGateway()
-		})
-		return
-	}
-	s.startGateway()
-}
-
-func (s *appState) viewGatewayLog() {
-	data, err := os.ReadFile(s.logPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Log not found", "gateway.log not found")
-		return
-	}
-	text := tview.NewTextView()
-	text.SetBorder(true).SetTitle("Gateway Log")
-	text.SetText(string(data))
-	text.SetDoneFunc(func(key tcell.Key) {
-		s.pages.RemovePage("log")
-	})
-	text.SetInputCapture(func(event *tcell.EventKey) *tcell.EventKey {
-		if event.Key() == tcell.KeyEsc {
-			s.pages.RemovePage("log")
-			return nil
-		}
-		return event
-	})
-	s.pages.AddPage("log", text, true, true)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) selectedModelName() string {
-	modelName := strings.TrimSpace(s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model)
-	if modelName == "" {
-		return ""
-	}
-	if !s.isActiveModelValid() {
-		return ""
-	}
-	return modelName
-}
-
-func rootModelLabel(selected string) string {
-	if selected == "" {
-		return "Model (None)"
-	}
-	return "Model (" + selected + ")"
-}
-
-func rootModelDescription() string {
-	return "Using SPACE to choose your model"
-}
-
-func rootChannelLabel(valid bool) string {
-	if !valid {
-		return "Channel (no channel enabled)"
-	}
-	return "Channel"
-}
-
-func (s *appState) startTalk() {
-	if !s.isActiveModelValid() {
-		s.showMessage("Model required", "Select a valid model before starting talk")
-		return
-	}
-	if !s.applyChangesValidated() {
-		return
-	}
-	s.app.Suspend(func() {
-		cmd := exec.Command("picoclaw", "agent")
-		cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
-		cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
-		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
-		_ = cmd.Run()
-	})
-}
-
-func (s *appState) startGateway() {
-	if !s.isActiveModelValid() {
-		s.showMessage("Model required", "Select a valid model before starting gateway")
-		return
-	}
-	if !s.hasEnabledChannel() {
-		s.showMessage("Channel required", "Enable at least one channel before starting gateway")
-		return
-	}
-	if !s.applyChangesValidated() {
-		return
-	}
-	_ = stopGatewayProcess()
-	cmd := exec.Command("picoclaw", "gateway")
-	logFile, err := os.OpenFile(s.logPath, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_APPEND, 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Gateway failed", err.Error())
-		return
-	}
-	cmd.Stdout = logFile
-	cmd.Stderr = logFile
-	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Gateway failed", err.Error())
-		_ = logFile.Close()
-		return
-	}
-	_ = logFile.Close()
-	s.gatewayCmd = cmd
-}
-
-func (s *appState) stopGateway() {
-	_ = stopGatewayProcess()
-	if s.gatewayCmd != nil && s.gatewayCmd.Process != nil {
-		_ = s.gatewayCmd.Process.Kill()
-	}
-	s.gatewayCmd = nil
-}
-
-func (s *appState) isGatewayRunning() bool {
-	return isGatewayProcessRunning()
-}
-
-func (s *appState) validateAgentModel() error {
-	modelName := strings.TrimSpace(s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model)
-	if modelName == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-	_, err := s.config.GetModelConfig(modelName)
-	return err
-}
-
-func (s *appState) isActiveModelValid() bool {
-	modelName := strings.TrimSpace(s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model)
-	if modelName == "" {
-		return false
-	}
-	cfg, err := s.config.GetModelConfig(modelName)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	hasKey := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.APIKey) != "" || strings.TrimSpace(cfg.AuthMethod) == "oauth"
-	hasModel := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.Model) != ""
-	return hasKey && hasModel
-}
-
-func (s *appState) hasEnabledChannel() bool {
-	c := s.config.Channels
-	return c.Telegram.Enabled || c.Discord.Enabled || c.QQ.Enabled || c.MaixCam.Enabled ||
-		c.WhatsApp.Enabled || c.Feishu.Enabled || c.DingTalk.Enabled || c.Slack.Enabled ||
-		c.Matrix.Enabled || c.LINE.Enabled || c.OneBot.Enabled || c.WeCom.Enabled || c.WeComApp.Enabled
-}
-
-func (s *appState) confirmApplyOrDiscard(onApply func(), onDiscard func()) {
-	if s.pages.HasPage("apply") {
-		return
-	}
-	modal := tview.NewModal().
-		SetText("Apply changes or discard before continuing?").
-		AddButtons([]string{"Cancel", "Discard", "Apply"}).
-		SetDoneFunc(func(buttonIndex int, buttonLabel string) {
-			s.pages.RemovePage("apply")
-			switch buttonLabel {
-			case "Discard":
-				s.discardChanges()
-				if onDiscard != nil {
-					onDiscard()
-				}
-			case "Apply":
-				if s.applyChangesValidated() {
-					s.dirty = false
-					if onApply != nil {
-						onApply()
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		})
-	modal.SetBorder(true)
-	s.pages.AddPage("apply", modal, true, true)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) discardChanges() {
-	if s.hasOriginal {
-		_ = writeOriginalConfig(s.configPath, s.original)
-	} else {
-		_ = os.Remove(s.configPath)
-	}
-	_ = os.Remove(s.backupPath)
-	if cfg, err := configstore.Load(); err == nil && cfg != nil {
-		s.config = cfg
-	}
-	s.dirty = false
-	refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) showMessage(title, message string) {
-	if s.pages.HasPage("message") {
-		return
-	}
-	modal := tview.NewModal().
-		SetText(strings.TrimSpace(message)).
-		AddButtons([]string{"OK"}).
-		SetDoneFunc(func(_ int, _ string) {
-			s.pages.RemovePage("message")
-		})
-	modal.SetTitle(title).SetBorder(true)
-	modal.SetBackgroundColor(tview.Styles.ContrastBackgroundColor)
-	modal.SetTextColor(tview.Styles.PrimaryTextColor)
-	modal.SetButtonBackgroundColor(tcell.NewRGBColor(112, 102, 255))
-	modal.SetButtonTextColor(tview.Styles.PrimaryTextColor)
-	s.pages.AddPage("message", modal, true, true)
-}
-
-func loadOriginalConfig(path string) ([]byte, bool) {
-	data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-		return nil, false
-	}
-	return data, true
-}
-
-func writeOriginalConfig(path string, data []byte) error {
-	return os.WriteFile(path, data, 0o600)
-}
-
-func writeBackupConfig(path string, data []byte) error {
-	return os.WriteFile(path, data, 0o600)
-}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/ui/channel.go

@@ -1,433 +0,0 @@
-package ui
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/gdamore/tcell/v2"
-	"github.com/rivo/tview"
-
-	picoclawconfig "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
-)
-
-func (s *appState) buildChannelMenuItems() []MenuItem {
-	return []MenuItem{
-		channelItem(
-			"Telegram",
-			"Telegram bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.Telegram.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-telegram", s.telegramForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"Discord",
-			"Discord bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.Discord.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-discord", s.discordForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"QQ",
-			"QQ bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.QQ.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-qq", s.qqForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"MaixCam",
-			"MaixCam gateway",
-			s.config.Channels.MaixCam.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-maixcam", s.maixcamForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"WhatsApp",
-			"WhatsApp bridge",
-			s.config.Channels.WhatsApp.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-whatsapp", s.whatsappForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"Feishu",
-			"Feishu bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.Feishu.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-feishu", s.feishuForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"DingTalk",
-			"DingTalk bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.DingTalk.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-dingtalk", s.dingtalkForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"Slack",
-			"Slack bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.Slack.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-slack", s.slackForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"Matrix",
-			"Matrix bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.Matrix.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-matrix", s.matrixForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"LINE",
-			"LINE bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.LINE.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-line", s.lineForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"OneBot",
-			"OneBot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.OneBot.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-onebot", s.onebotForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"WeCom",
-			"WeCom bot settings",
-			s.config.Channels.WeCom.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-wecom", s.wecomForm()) },
-		),
-		channelItem(
-			"WeCom App",
-			"WeCom App settings",
-			s.config.Channels.WeComApp.Enabled,
-			func() { s.push("channel-wecomapp", s.wecomAppForm()) },
-		),
-	}
-}
-
-func (s *appState) channelMenu() tview.Primitive {
-	menu := NewMenu("Channels", s.buildChannelMenuItems())
-	menu.SetInputCapture(func(event *tcell.EventKey) *tcell.EventKey {
-		if event.Key() == tcell.KeyEsc {
-			s.pop()
-			return nil
-		}
-		return event
-	})
-	return menu
-}
-
-func refreshChannelMenuFromState(menu *Menu, s *appState) {
-	menu.applyItems(s.buildChannelMenuItems())
-}
-
-func (s *appState) telegramForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.Telegram
-	form := baseChannelForm("Telegram", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Token", cfg.Token, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.Token = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Proxy", cfg.Proxy, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.Proxy = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) discordForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.Discord
-	form := baseChannelForm("Discord", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Token", cfg.Token, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.Token = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddCheckbox("Mention Only", cfg.MentionOnly, func(checked bool) {
-		cfg.MentionOnly = checked
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) qqForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.QQ
-	form := baseChannelForm("QQ", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("App ID", cfg.AppID, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.AppID = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("App Secret", cfg.AppSecret, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.AppSecret = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) maixcamForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.MaixCam
-	form := baseChannelForm("MaixCam", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Host", cfg.Host, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.Host = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addIntField(form, "Port", cfg.Port, func(value int) { cfg.Port = value })
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) whatsappForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.WhatsApp
-	form := baseChannelForm("WhatsApp", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Bridge URL", cfg.BridgeURL, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.BridgeURL = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) feishuForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.Feishu
-	form := baseChannelForm("Feishu", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("App ID", cfg.AppID, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.AppID = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("App Secret", cfg.AppSecret, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.AppSecret = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Encrypt Key", cfg.EncryptKey, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.EncryptKey = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Verification Token", cfg.VerificationToken, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.VerificationToken = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) dingtalkForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.DingTalk
-	form := baseChannelForm("DingTalk", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Client ID", cfg.ClientID, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.ClientID = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Client Secret", cfg.ClientSecret, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.ClientSecret = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) slackForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.Slack
-	form := baseChannelForm("Slack", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Bot Token", cfg.BotToken, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.BotToken = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("App Token", cfg.AppToken, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.AppToken = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) lineForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.LINE
-	form := baseChannelForm("LINE", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Channel Secret", cfg.ChannelSecret, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.ChannelSecret = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Channel Access Token", cfg.ChannelAccessToken, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.ChannelAccessToken = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Webhook Host", cfg.WebhookHost, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.WebhookHost = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addIntField(form, "Webhook Port", cfg.WebhookPort, func(value int) { cfg.WebhookPort = value })
-	form.AddInputField("Webhook Path", cfg.WebhookPath, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.WebhookPath = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) matrixForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.Matrix
-	form := baseChannelForm("Matrix", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Homeserver", cfg.Homeserver, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.Homeserver = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("User ID", cfg.UserID, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.UserID = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Access Token", cfg.AccessToken, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.AccessToken = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Device ID", cfg.DeviceID, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.DeviceID = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddCheckbox("Join On Invite", cfg.JoinOnInvite, func(checked bool) {
-		cfg.JoinOnInvite = checked
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) onebotForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.OneBot
-	form := baseChannelForm("OneBot", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("WS URL", cfg.WSUrl, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.WSUrl = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Access Token", cfg.AccessToken, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.AccessToken = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addIntField(
-		form,
-		"Reconnect Interval",
-		cfg.ReconnectInterval,
-		func(value int) { cfg.ReconnectInterval = value },
-	)
-	form.AddInputField(
-		"Group Trigger Prefix",
-		strings.Join(cfg.GroupTriggerPrefix, ","),
-		128,
-		nil,
-		func(text string) {
-			cfg.GroupTriggerPrefix = splitCSV(text)
-		},
-	)
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) wecomForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.WeCom
-	form := baseChannelForm("WeCom", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Token", cfg.Token, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.Token = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Encoding AES Key", cfg.EncodingAESKey, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.EncodingAESKey = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Webhook URL", cfg.WebhookURL, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.WebhookURL = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Webhook Host", cfg.WebhookHost, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.WebhookHost = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addIntField(form, "Webhook Port", cfg.WebhookPort, func(value int) { cfg.WebhookPort = value })
-	form.AddInputField("Webhook Path", cfg.WebhookPath, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.WebhookPath = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	addIntField(
-		form,
-		"Reply Timeout",
-		cfg.ReplyTimeout,
-		func(value int) { cfg.ReplyTimeout = value },
-	)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) wecomAppForm() tview.Primitive {
-	cfg := &s.config.Channels.WeComApp
-	form := baseChannelForm("WeCom App", cfg.Enabled, s.makeChannelOnEnabled(&cfg.Enabled))
-	form.AddInputField("Corp ID", cfg.CorpID, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.CorpID = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Corp Secret", cfg.CorpSecret, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.CorpSecret = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addInt64Field(form, "Agent ID", cfg.AgentID, func(value int64) { cfg.AgentID = value })
-	form.AddInputField("Token", cfg.Token, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.Token = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Encoding AES Key", cfg.EncodingAESKey, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.EncodingAESKey = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	form.AddInputField("Webhook Host", cfg.WebhookHost, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.WebhookHost = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addIntField(form, "Webhook Port", cfg.WebhookPort, func(value int) { cfg.WebhookPort = value })
-	form.AddInputField("Webhook Path", cfg.WebhookPath, 64, nil, func(text string) {
-		cfg.WebhookPath = strings.TrimSpace(text)
-	})
-	addAllowFromField(form, &cfg.AllowFrom)
-	addIntField(
-		form,
-		"Reply Timeout",
-		cfg.ReplyTimeout,
-		func(value int) { cfg.ReplyTimeout = value },
-	)
-	return wrapWithBack(form, s)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) makeChannelOnEnabled(enabledPtr *bool) func(bool) {
-	return func(v bool) {
-		*enabledPtr = v
-		s.dirty = true
-		refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s)
-		if menu, ok := s.menus["channel"]; ok {
-			refreshChannelMenuFromState(menu, s)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func addAllowFromField(form *tview.Form, allowFrom *picoclawconfig.FlexibleStringSlice) {
-	form.AddInputField("Allow From", strings.Join(*allowFrom, ","), 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		*allowFrom = splitCSV(text)
-	})
-}
-
-func baseChannelForm(title string, enabled bool, onEnabled func(bool)) *tview.Form {
-	form := tview.NewForm()
-	form.SetBorder(true).SetTitle(fmt.Sprintf("Channel: %s", title))
-	form.SetButtonBackgroundColor(tcell.NewRGBColor(80, 250, 123))
-	form.SetButtonTextColor(tcell.NewRGBColor(12, 13, 22))
-	form.AddCheckbox("Enabled", enabled, func(checked bool) {
-		onEnabled(checked)
-	})
-	return form
-}
-
-func wrapWithBack(form *tview.Form, s *appState) tview.Primitive {
-	form.AddButton("Back", func() {
-		s.pop()
-	})
-	form.SetInputCapture(func(event *tcell.EventKey) *tcell.EventKey {
-		if event.Key() == tcell.KeyEsc {
-			s.pop()
-			return nil
-		}
-		return event
-	})
-	return form
-}
-
-func splitCSV(input string) picoclawconfig.FlexibleStringSlice {
-	parts := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(input), ",")
-	cleaned := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
-	for _, part := range parts {
-		value := strings.TrimSpace(part)
-		if value == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		cleaned = append(cleaned, value)
-	}
-	return cleaned
-}
-
-func addIntField(form *tview.Form, label string, value int, onChange func(int)) {
-	form.AddInputField(label, fmt.Sprintf("%d", value), 16, nil, func(text string) {
-		var parsed int
-		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(strings.TrimSpace(text), "%d", &parsed); err == nil {
-			onChange(parsed)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func addInt64Field(form *tview.Form, label string, value int64, onChange func(int64)) {
-	form.AddInputField(label, fmt.Sprintf("%d", value), 16, nil, func(text string) {
-		var parsed int64
-		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(strings.TrimSpace(text), "%d", &parsed); err == nil {
-			onChange(parsed)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func channelItem(label, description string, enabled bool, action MenuAction) MenuItem {
-	item := MenuItem{
-		Label:       label,
-		Description: description,
-		Action:      action,
-	}
-	if !enabled {
-		color := tcell.ColorGray
-		item.MainColor = &color
-	}
-	return item
-}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/ui/gateway_posix.go

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !windows
-// +build !windows
-
-package ui
-
-import "os/exec"
-
-func isGatewayProcessRunning() bool {
-	cmd := exec.Command("sh", "-c", "pgrep -f 'picoclaw\\s+gateway' >/dev/null 2>&1")
-	return cmd.Run() == nil
-}
-
-func stopGatewayProcess() error {
-	cmd := exec.Command("sh", "-c", "pkill -f 'picoclaw\\s+gateway' >/dev/null 2>&1")
-	return cmd.Run()
-}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/ui/gateway_windows.go

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-//go:build windows
-// +build windows
-
-package ui
-
-import "os/exec"
-
-func isGatewayProcessRunning() bool {
-	cmd := exec.Command("tasklist", "/FI", "IMAGENAME eq picoclaw.exe")
-	return cmd.Run() == nil
-}
-
-func stopGatewayProcess() error {
-	cmd := exec.Command("taskkill", "/F", "/IM", "picoclaw.exe")
-	return cmd.Run()
-}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/ui/menu.go

@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-package ui
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gdamore/tcell/v2"
-	"github.com/rivo/tview"
-)
-
-type MenuAction func()
-
-type MenuItem struct {
-	Label       string
-	Description string
-	Action      MenuAction
-	Disabled    bool
-	MainColor   *tcell.Color
-	DescColor   *tcell.Color
-}
-
-type Menu struct {
-	*tview.Table
-	items []MenuItem
-}
-
-func NewMenu(title string, items []MenuItem) *Menu {
-	table := tview.NewTable().SetSelectable(true, false)
-	table.SetBorder(true).SetTitle(title)
-	table.SetBorders(false)
-	menu := &Menu{Table: table, items: items}
-	menu.applyItems(items)
-	menu.SetSelectedFunc(func(row, _ int) {
-		if row < 0 || row >= len(menu.items) {
-			return
-		}
-		item := menu.items[row]
-		if item.Disabled || item.Action == nil {
-			return
-		}
-		item.Action()
-	})
-	menu.SetSelectedStyle(
-		tcell.StyleDefault.Foreground(tview.Styles.InverseTextColor).
-			Background(tcell.NewRGBColor(189, 147, 249)),
-	)
-	return menu
-}
-
-func (m *Menu) applyItems(items []MenuItem) {
-	m.items = items
-	m.Clear()
-	for row, item := range items {
-		label := item.Label
-		if item.Disabled && label != "" {
-			label = label + " (disabled)"
-		}
-		left := tview.NewTableCell(label)
-		right := tview.NewTableCell(item.Description).SetAlign(tview.AlignRight)
-		if item.MainColor != nil {
-			left.SetTextColor(*item.MainColor)
-		}
-		if item.DescColor != nil {
-			right.SetTextColor(*item.DescColor)
-		} else {
-			right.SetTextColor(tview.Styles.TertiaryTextColor)
-		}
-		if item.Disabled {
-			left.SetTextColor(tcell.ColorGray)
-			right.SetTextColor(tcell.ColorGray)
-		}
-		m.SetCell(row, 0, left)
-		m.SetCell(row, 1, right)
-	}
-}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/ui/model.go

@@ -1,399 +0,0 @@
-package ui
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/gdamore/tcell/v2"
-	"github.com/rivo/tview"
-
-	picoclawconfig "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
-)
-
-func (s *appState) modelMenu() tview.Primitive {
-	items := make([]MenuItem, 0, 1+len(s.config.ModelList))
-	currentModel := strings.TrimSpace(s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model)
-	for i := range s.config.ModelList {
-		index := i
-		model := s.config.ModelList[i]
-		isValid := isModelValid(model)
-		desc := model.APIBase
-		if desc == "" {
-			desc = model.AuthMethod
-		}
-		if desc == "" {
-			desc = "api_key required"
-		}
-		label := fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s)", model.ModelName, model.Model)
-		if model.ModelName == currentModel && currentModel != "" {
-			label = "* " + label
-		}
-		isSelected := model.ModelName == currentModel && currentModel != ""
-		items = append(items, MenuItem{
-			Label:       label,
-			Description: desc,
-			MainColor:   modelStatusColor(isValid, isSelected),
-			Action: func() {
-				s.push(fmt.Sprintf("model-%d", index), s.modelForm(index))
-			},
-		})
-	}
-	// Add model entry appended at the end so the models map to rows 1..N
-	items = append(items,
-		MenuItem{
-			Label:       "**Add model**",
-			Description: "Append a new model entry",
-			Action: func() {
-				newName := s.nextAvailableModelName("new-model")
-				s.addModel(
-					picoclawconfig.ModelConfig{ModelName: newName, Model: "openai/gpt-5.4"},
-				)
-				s.push(
-					fmt.Sprintf("model-%d", len(s.config.ModelList)-1),
-					s.modelForm(len(s.config.ModelList)-1),
-				)
-			},
-		},
-	)
-
-	menu := NewMenu("Models", items)
-	menu.SetInputCapture(func(event *tcell.EventKey) *tcell.EventKey {
-		if event.Key() == tcell.KeyEsc {
-			s.pop()
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		if event.Rune() == ' ' {
-			row, _ := menu.GetSelection()
-			if row >= 0 && row < len(s.config.ModelList) {
-				model := s.config.ModelList[row]
-				if !isModelValid(model) {
-					s.showMessage(
-						"Invalid model",
-						"Select a model with api_key or oauth auth_method",
-					)
-					return nil
-				}
-				s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model = model.ModelName
-				s.dirty = true
-				refreshModelMenu(menu, s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model, s.config.ModelList)
-				refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s)
-			}
-			return nil
-		}
-		return event
-	})
-	return menu
-}
-
-func (s *appState) modelForm(index int) tview.Primitive {
-	model := &s.config.ModelList[index]
-	form := tview.NewForm()
-	form.SetBorder(true).SetTitle(fmt.Sprintf("Model: %s", model.ModelName))
-
-	addInput(form, "Model Name", model.ModelName, func(value string) {
-		if value == "" {
-			s.showMessage("Invalid model name", "Model Name cannot be empty")
-			return
-		}
-		if s.modelNameExists(value, index) {
-			s.showMessage("Duplicate model name", fmt.Sprintf("Model Name '%s' already exists", value))
-			return
-		}
-		oldName := model.ModelName
-		model.ModelName = value
-		if s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model == oldName {
-			s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model = value
-		}
-		s.dirty = true
-		form.SetTitle(fmt.Sprintf("Model: %s", model.ModelName))
-		refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s)
-		if menu, ok := s.menus["model"]; ok {
-			refreshModelMenuFromState(menu, s)
-		}
-	})
-	addInput(form, "Model", model.Model, func(value string) {
-		model.Model = value
-		s.dirty = true
-		refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s)
-		if menu, ok := s.menus["model"]; ok {
-			refreshModelMenuFromState(menu, s)
-		}
-	})
-	addInput(form, "API Base", model.APIBase, func(value string) {
-		model.APIBase = value
-		s.dirty = true
-		refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s)
-		if menu, ok := s.menus["model"]; ok {
-			refreshModelMenuFromState(menu, s)
-		}
-	})
-	addInput(form, "API Key", model.APIKey, func(value string) {
-		model.APIKey = value
-		s.dirty = true
-		refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s)
-		if menu, ok := s.menus["model"]; ok {
-			refreshModelMenuFromState(menu, s)
-		}
-	})
-	addInput(form, "Proxy", model.Proxy, func(value string) {
-		model.Proxy = value
-	})
-	addInput(form, "Auth Method", model.AuthMethod, func(value string) {
-		model.AuthMethod = value
-		s.dirty = true
-		refreshMainMenuIfPresent(s)
-		if menu, ok := s.menus["model"]; ok {
-			refreshModelMenuFromState(menu, s)
-		}
-	})
-	addInput(form, "Connect Mode", model.ConnectMode, func(value string) {
-		model.ConnectMode = value
-	})
-	addInput(form, "Workspace", model.Workspace, func(value string) {
-		model.Workspace = value
-	})
-	addInput(form, "Max Tokens Field", model.MaxTokensField, func(value string) {
-		model.MaxTokensField = value
-	})
-	addIntInput(form, "RPM", model.RPM, func(value int) {
-		model.RPM = value
-	})
-	addIntInput(form, "Request Timeout", model.RequestTimeout, func(value int) {
-		model.RequestTimeout = value
-	})
-
-	form.AddButton("Delete", func() {
-		pageName := "confirm-delete-model"
-		if s.pages.HasPage(pageName) {
-			return
-		}
-		modal := tview.NewModal().
-			SetText("Are you sure you want to delete this model?").
-			AddButtons([]string{"Cancel", "Delete"}).
-			SetDoneFunc(func(buttonIndex int, buttonLabel string) {
-				s.pages.RemovePage(pageName)
-				if buttonLabel == "Delete" {
-					s.deleteModel(index)
-				}
-			})
-		modal.SetTitle("Confirm Delete").SetBorder(true)
-		s.pages.AddPage(pageName, modal, true, true)
-	})
-	form.AddButton("Test", func() {
-		s.testModel(model)
-	})
-	form.AddButton("Back", func() {
-		s.pop()
-	})
-
-	form.SetInputCapture(func(event *tcell.EventKey) *tcell.EventKey {
-		if event.Key() == tcell.KeyEsc {
-			s.pop()
-			return nil
-		}
-		return event
-	})
-	return form
-}
-
-func addInput(form *tview.Form, label, value string, onChange func(string)) {
-	form.AddInputField(label, value, 128, nil, func(text string) {
-		onChange(strings.TrimSpace(text))
-	})
-}
-
-func addIntInput(form *tview.Form, label string, value int, onChange func(int)) {
-	form.AddInputField(label, fmt.Sprintf("%d", value), 16, nil, func(text string) {
-		var parsed int
-		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(strings.TrimSpace(text), "%d", &parsed); err == nil {
-			onChange(parsed)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func (s *appState) addModel(model picoclawconfig.ModelConfig) {
-	s.config.ModelList = append(s.config.ModelList, model)
-}
-
-func (s *appState) deleteModel(index int) {
-	if index < 0 || index >= len(s.config.ModelList) {
-		return
-	}
-	s.config.ModelList = append(s.config.ModelList[:index], s.config.ModelList[index+1:]...)
-	s.pop()
-}
-
-func modelStatusColor(valid bool, selected bool) *tcell.Color {
-	if valid {
-		color := tview.Styles.PrimaryTextColor
-		return &color
-	}
-	color := tcell.ColorGray
-	return &color
-}
-
-func refreshModelMenu(menu *Menu, currentModel string, models []picoclawconfig.ModelConfig) {
-	for i, model := range models {
-		row := i
-		label := fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s)", model.ModelName, model.Model)
-		isValid := isModelValid(model)
-		if model.ModelName == currentModel && currentModel != "" {
-			label = "* " + label
-		}
-		cell := menu.GetCell(row, 0)
-		if cell != nil {
-			cell.SetText(label)
-			isSelected := model.ModelName == currentModel && currentModel != ""
-			color := modelStatusColor(isValid, isSelected)
-			if color != nil {
-				cell.SetTextColor(*color)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func refreshModelMenuFromState(menu *Menu, s *appState) {
-	items := make([]MenuItem, 0, 1+len(s.config.ModelList))
-	currentModel := strings.TrimSpace(s.config.Agents.Defaults.Model)
-	for i := range s.config.ModelList {
-		index := i
-		model := s.config.ModelList[i]
-		isValid := isModelValid(model)
-		desc := model.APIBase
-		if desc == "" {
-			desc = model.AuthMethod
-		}
-		if desc == "" {
-			desc = "api_key required"
-		}
-		label := fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s)", model.ModelName, model.Model)
-		if model.ModelName == currentModel && currentModel != "" {
-			label = "* " + label
-		}
-		isSelected := model.ModelName == currentModel && currentModel != ""
-		items = append(items, MenuItem{
-			Label:       label,
-			Description: desc,
-			MainColor:   modelStatusColor(isValid, isSelected),
-			Action: func() {
-				s.push(fmt.Sprintf("model-%d", index), s.modelForm(index))
-			},
-		})
-	}
-	items = append(items,
-		MenuItem{
-			Label:       "**Add Model**",
-			Description: "Append a new model entry",
-			Action: func() {
-				newName := s.nextAvailableModelName("new-model")
-				s.addModel(
-					picoclawconfig.ModelConfig{ModelName: newName, Model: "openai/gpt-5.4"},
-				)
-				s.push(fmt.Sprintf("model-%d", len(s.config.ModelList)-1), s.modelForm(len(s.config.ModelList)-1))
-			},
-		},
-	)
-	menu.applyItems(items)
-}
-
-func isModelValid(model picoclawconfig.ModelConfig) bool {
-	hasKey := strings.TrimSpace(model.APIKey) != "" ||
-		strings.TrimSpace(model.AuthMethod) == "oauth"
-	hasModel := strings.TrimSpace(model.Model) != ""
-	return hasKey && hasModel
-}
-
-func (s *appState) modelNameExists(name string, excludeIndex int) bool {
-	target := strings.TrimSpace(name)
-	if target == "" {
-		return false
-	}
-	for i := range s.config.ModelList {
-		if i == excludeIndex {
-			continue
-		}
-		if strings.TrimSpace(s.config.ModelList[i].ModelName) == target {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (s *appState) nextAvailableModelName(base string) string {
-	name := strings.TrimSpace(base)
-	if name == "" {
-		name = "new-model"
-	}
-	if !s.modelNameExists(name, -1) {
-		return name
-	}
-	for i := 2; ; i++ {
-		candidate := fmt.Sprintf("%s-%d", name, i)
-		if !s.modelNameExists(candidate, -1) {
-			return candidate
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (s *appState) testModel(model *picoclawconfig.ModelConfig) {
-	if model == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	if strings.TrimSpace(model.APIKey) == "" {
-		s.showMessage("Missing API Key", "Set api_key before testing")
-		return
-	}
-	base := strings.TrimSpace(model.APIBase)
-	if base == "" {
-		s.showMessage("Missing API Base", "Set api_base before testing")
-		return
-	}
-	modelID := strings.TrimSpace(model.Model)
-	if modelID == "" {
-		s.showMessage("Missing Model", "Set model before testing")
-		return
-	}
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(modelID, "openai/") {
-		s.showMessage("Unsupported model", "Only openai/* models are supported for test")
-		return
-	}
-	modelName := strings.TrimPrefix(modelID, "openai/")
-	endpoint := strings.TrimRight(base, "/") + "/chat/completions"
-
-	payload := fmt.Sprintf(
-		`{"model":"%s","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"ping"}],"max_tokens":1}`,
-		modelName,
-	)
-	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}
-	request, err := http.NewRequest("POST", endpoint, strings.NewReader(payload))
-	if err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Test failed", err.Error())
-		return
-	}
-	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	request.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+strings.TrimSpace(model.APIKey))
-
-	resp, err := client.Do(request)
-	if err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Test failed", err.Error())
-		return
-	}
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-	if resp.StatusCode >= 200 && resp.StatusCode < 300 {
-		s.showMessage("Test OK", resp.Status)
-		return
-	}
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 2048))
-	if err != nil {
-		s.showMessage("Test failed", fmt.Sprintf("failed to read response: %v", err))
-		return
-	}
-	s.showMessage(
-		"Test failed",
-		fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", resp.Status, strings.TrimSpace(string(body))),
-	)
-}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/ui/style.go

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-package ui
-
-import (
-	"github.com/gdamore/tcell/v2"
-	"github.com/rivo/tview"
-)
-
-const (
-	colorBlue = "[#3e5db9]"
-	colorRed  = "[#d54646]"
-	banner    = "\r\n[::b]" +
-		colorBlue + "██████╗ ██╗ ██████╗ ██████╗ " + colorRed + " ██████╗██╗      █████╗ ██╗    ██╗\n" +
-		colorBlue + "██╔══██╗██║██╔════╝██╔═══██╗" + colorRed + "██╔════╝██║     ██╔══██╗██║    ██║\n" +
-		colorBlue + "██████╔╝██║██║     ██║   ██║" + colorRed + "██║     ██║     ███████║██║ █╗ ██║\n" +
-		colorBlue + "██╔═══╝ ██║██║     ██║   ██║" + colorRed + "██║     ██║     ██╔══██║██║███╗██║\n" +
-		colorBlue + "██║     ██║╚██████╗╚██████╔╝" + colorRed + "╚██████╗███████╗██║  ██║╚███╔███╔╝\n" +
-		colorBlue + "╚═╝     ╚═╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═════╝ " + colorRed + " ╚═════╝╚══════╝╚═╝  ╚═╝ ╚══╝╚══╝\n " +
-		"[:]"
-)
-
-func applyStyles() {
-	tview.Styles.PrimitiveBackgroundColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(12, 13, 22)
-	tview.Styles.ContrastBackgroundColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(34, 19, 53)
-	tview.Styles.MoreContrastBackgroundColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(18, 18, 32)
-	tview.Styles.BorderColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(112, 102, 255)
-	tview.Styles.TitleColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(255, 121, 198)
-	tview.Styles.GraphicsColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(139, 233, 253)
-	tview.Styles.PrimaryTextColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(241, 250, 255)
-	tview.Styles.SecondaryTextColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(80, 250, 123)
-	tview.Styles.TertiaryTextColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(139, 233, 253)
-	tview.Styles.InverseTextColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(12, 13, 22)
-	tview.Styles.ContrastSecondaryTextColor = tcell.NewRGBColor(189, 147, 249)
-}
-
-func bannerView() *tview.TextView {
-	text := tview.NewTextView()
-	text.SetDynamicColors(true)
-	text.SetTextAlign(tview.AlignCenter)
-	text.SetBackgroundColor(tview.Styles.PrimitiveBackgroundColor)
-	text.SetText(banner)
-	text.SetBorder(false)
-	return text
-}
-
-const footerText = "Esc: Back/Exit | Enter: Enter | ←↓↑→ : Move | Space: Select | Tab/Shift+Tab: Switch"
-
-func footerView() *tview.TextView {
-	text := tview.NewTextView()
-	text.SetTextAlign(tview.AlignCenter)
-	text.SetText(footerText)
-	text.SetBackgroundColor(tview.Styles.MoreContrastBackgroundColor)
-	text.SetTextColor(tview.Styles.PrimaryTextColor)
-	text.SetBorder(false)
-	return text
-}

cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/main.go

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
-
-	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw-launcher-tui/internal/ui"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	if err := ui.Run(); err != nil {
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)
-		os.Exit(1)
-	}
-}

cmd/picoclaw/dns_noresolv.go

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	// 仅在 /etc/resolv.conf 不存在时才覆盖（即 Android 环境）
+	if _, err := os.Stat("/etc/resolv.conf"); err == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// 从环境变量获取 DNS server 列表，多个用 ; 隔开
+	// 例如: PICOCLAW_DNS_SERVER="8.8.8.8:53;1.1.1.1:53;223.5.5.5:53"
+	dnsEnv := os.Getenv("PICOCLAW_DNS_SERVER")
+	if dnsEnv == "" {
+		dnsEnv = "8.8.8.8:53;1.1.1.1:53"
+	}
+
+	var dnsServers []string
+	for _, s := range strings.Split(dnsEnv, ";") {
+		s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
+		if s != "" {
+			// 如果没有带端口号，自动补上 :53
+			if _, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(s); err != nil {
+				s = s + ":53"
+			}
+			dnsServers = append(dnsServers, s)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// 轮询索引，在多个 DNS 服务器之间轮转
+	var idx uint64
+
+	customResolver := &net.Resolver{
+		PreferGo: true,
+		Dial: func(ctx context.Context, network, address string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			d := net.Dialer{Timeout: 5 * time.Second}
+			// Round-robin: 依次尝试不同的 DNS 服务器
+			server := dnsServers[atomic.AddUint64(&idx, 1)%uint64(len(dnsServers))]
+			return d.DialContext(ctx, "udp", server)
+		},
+	}
+
+	// 覆盖全局 DefaultResolver
+	net.DefaultResolver = customResolver
+
+	// 覆盖 http.DefaultTransport 使用自定义 DNS 解析的 DialContext
+	dialer := &net.Dialer{
+		Timeout:   30 * time.Second,
+		KeepAlive: 30 * time.Second,
+		Resolver:  customResolver,
+	}
+
+	if tr, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport); ok {
+		tr.DialContext = dialer.DialContext
+	}
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/agent/helpers.go

@@ -23,16 +23,18 @@ func agentCmd(message, sessionKey, model string, debug bool) error {
 		sessionKey = "cli:default"
 	}
 
-	if debug {
-		logger.SetLevel(logger.DEBUG)
-		fmt.Println("🔍 Debug mode enabled")
-	}
-
 	cfg, err := internal.LoadConfig()
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error loading config: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	logger.ConfigureFromEnv()
+
+	if debug {
+		logger.SetLevel(logger.DEBUG)
+		fmt.Println("🔍 Debug mode enabled")
+	}
+
 	if model != "" {
 		cfg.Agents.Defaults.ModelName = model
 	}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/command.go

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ func NewAuthCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		newLogoutCommand(),
 		newStatusCommand(),
 		newModelsCommand(),
+		newWeixinCommand(),
+		newWeComCommand(),
 	)
 
 	return cmd

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/command_test.go

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ func TestNewAuthCommand(t *testing.T) {
 		"logout",
 		"status",
 		"models",
+		"weixin",
+		"wecom",
 	}
 
 	subcommands := cmd.Commands()

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/helpers.go

@@ -17,24 +17,24 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	supportedProvidersMsg = "supported providers: openai, anthropic, google-antigravity"
+	supportedProvidersMsg = "supported providers: openai, anthropic, google-antigravity, antigravity"
 	defaultAnthropicModel = "claude-sonnet-4.6"
 )
 
-func authLoginCmd(provider string, useDeviceCode bool, useOauth bool) error {
+func authLoginCmd(provider string, useDeviceCode bool, useOauth bool, noBrowser bool) error {
 	switch provider {
 	case "openai":
-		return authLoginOpenAI(useDeviceCode)
+		return authLoginOpenAI(useDeviceCode, noBrowser)
 	case "anthropic":
 		return authLoginAnthropic(useOauth)
 	case "google-antigravity", "antigravity":
-		return authLoginGoogleAntigravity()
+		return authLoginGoogleAntigravity(noBrowser)
 	default:
 		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported provider: %s (%s)", provider, supportedProvidersMsg)
 	}
 }
 
-func authLoginOpenAI(useDeviceCode bool) error {
+func authLoginOpenAI(useDeviceCode bool, noBrowser bool) error {
 	cfg := auth.OpenAIOAuthConfig()
 
 	var cred *auth.AuthCredential
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func authLoginOpenAI(useDeviceCode bool) error {
 	if useDeviceCode {
 		cred, err = auth.LoginDeviceCode(cfg)
 	} else {
-		cred, err = auth.LoginBrowser(cfg)
+		cred, err = auth.LoginBrowserWithOptions(cfg, auth.LoginBrowserOptions{NoBrowser: noBrowser})
 	}
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -56,13 +56,10 @@ func authLoginOpenAI(useDeviceCode bool) error {
 
 	appCfg, err := internal.LoadConfig()
 	if err == nil {
-		// Update Providers (legacy format)
-		appCfg.Providers.OpenAI.AuthMethod = "oauth"
-
 		// Update or add openai in ModelList
 		foundOpenAI := false
 		for i := range appCfg.ModelList {
-			if isOpenAIModel(appCfg.ModelList[i].Model) {
+			if isOpenAIModel(appCfg.ModelList[i]) {
 				appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = "oauth"
 				foundOpenAI = true
 				break
@@ -71,7 +68,7 @@ func authLoginOpenAI(useDeviceCode bool) error {
 
 		// If no openai in ModelList, add it
 		if !foundOpenAI {
-			appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, config.ModelConfig{
+			appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, &config.ModelConfig{
 				ModelName:  "gpt-5.4",
 				Model:      "openai/gpt-5.4",
 				AuthMethod: "oauth",
@@ -95,10 +92,10 @@ func authLoginOpenAI(useDeviceCode bool) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func authLoginGoogleAntigravity() error {
+func authLoginGoogleAntigravity(noBrowser bool) error {
 	cfg := auth.GoogleAntigravityOAuthConfig()
 
-	cred, err := auth.LoginBrowser(cfg)
+	cred, err := auth.LoginBrowserWithOptions(cfg, auth.LoginBrowserOptions{NoBrowser: noBrowser})
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("login failed: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -130,13 +127,10 @@ func authLoginGoogleAntigravity() error {
 
 	appCfg, err := internal.LoadConfig()
 	if err == nil {
-		// Update Providers (legacy format, for backward compatibility)
-		appCfg.Providers.Antigravity.AuthMethod = "oauth"
-
 		// Update or add antigravity in ModelList
 		foundAntigravity := false
 		for i := range appCfg.ModelList {
-			if isAntigravityModel(appCfg.ModelList[i].Model) {
+			if isAntigravityModel(appCfg.ModelList[i]) {
 				appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = "oauth"
 				foundAntigravity = true
 				break
@@ -145,7 +139,7 @@ func authLoginGoogleAntigravity() error {
 
 		// If no antigravity in ModelList, add it
 		if !foundAntigravity {
-			appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, config.ModelConfig{
+			appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, &config.ModelConfig{
 				ModelName:  "gemini-flash",
 				Model:      "antigravity/gemini-3-flash",
 				AuthMethod: "oauth",
@@ -210,18 +204,16 @@ func authLoginAnthropicSetupToken() error {
 
 	appCfg, err := internal.LoadConfig()
 	if err == nil {
-		appCfg.Providers.Anthropic.AuthMethod = "oauth"
-
 		found := false
 		for i := range appCfg.ModelList {
-			if isAnthropicModel(appCfg.ModelList[i].Model) {
+			if isAnthropicModel(appCfg.ModelList[i]) {
 				appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = "oauth"
 				found = true
 				break
 			}
 		}
 		if !found {
-			appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, config.ModelConfig{
+			appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, &config.ModelConfig{
 				ModelName:  defaultAnthropicModel,
 				Model:      "anthropic/" + defaultAnthropicModel,
 				AuthMethod: "oauth",
@@ -287,18 +279,17 @@ func authLoginPasteToken(provider string) error {
 	if err == nil {
 		switch provider {
 		case "anthropic":
-			appCfg.Providers.Anthropic.AuthMethod = "token"
 			// Update ModelList
 			found := false
 			for i := range appCfg.ModelList {
-				if isAnthropicModel(appCfg.ModelList[i].Model) {
+				if isAnthropicModel(appCfg.ModelList[i]) {
 					appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = "token"
 					found = true
 					break
 				}
 			}
 			if !found {
-				appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, config.ModelConfig{
+				appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, &config.ModelConfig{
 					ModelName:  defaultAnthropicModel,
 					Model:      "anthropic/" + defaultAnthropicModel,
 					AuthMethod: "token",
@@ -306,18 +297,17 @@ func authLoginPasteToken(provider string) error {
 				appCfg.Agents.Defaults.ModelName = defaultAnthropicModel
 			}
 		case "openai":
-			appCfg.Providers.OpenAI.AuthMethod = "token"
 			// Update ModelList
 			found := false
 			for i := range appCfg.ModelList {
-				if isOpenAIModel(appCfg.ModelList[i].Model) {
+				if isOpenAIModel(appCfg.ModelList[i]) {
 					appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = "token"
 					found = true
 					break
 				}
 			}
 			if !found {
-				appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, config.ModelConfig{
+				appCfg.ModelList = append(appCfg.ModelList, &config.ModelConfig{
 					ModelName:  "gpt-5.4",
 					Model:      "openai/gpt-5.4",
 					AuthMethod: "token",
@@ -352,28 +342,19 @@ func authLogoutCmd(provider string) error {
 			for i := range appCfg.ModelList {
 				switch provider {
 				case "openai":
-					if isOpenAIModel(appCfg.ModelList[i].Model) {
+					if isOpenAIModel(appCfg.ModelList[i]) {
 						appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = ""
 					}
 				case "anthropic":
-					if isAnthropicModel(appCfg.ModelList[i].Model) {
+					if isAnthropicModel(appCfg.ModelList[i]) {
 						appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = ""
 					}
 				case "google-antigravity", "antigravity":
-					if isAntigravityModel(appCfg.ModelList[i].Model) {
+					if isAntigravityModel(appCfg.ModelList[i]) {
 						appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = ""
 					}
 				}
 			}
-			// Clear AuthMethod in Providers (legacy)
-			switch provider {
-			case "openai":
-				appCfg.Providers.OpenAI.AuthMethod = ""
-			case "anthropic":
-				appCfg.Providers.Anthropic.AuthMethod = ""
-			case "google-antigravity", "antigravity":
-				appCfg.Providers.Antigravity.AuthMethod = ""
-			}
 			config.SaveConfig(internal.GetConfigPath(), appCfg)
 		}
 
@@ -392,10 +373,6 @@ func authLogoutCmd(provider string) error {
 		for i := range appCfg.ModelList {
 			appCfg.ModelList[i].AuthMethod = ""
 		}
-		// Clear all AuthMethods in Providers (legacy)
-		appCfg.Providers.OpenAI.AuthMethod = ""
-		appCfg.Providers.Anthropic.AuthMethod = ""
-		appCfg.Providers.Antigravity.AuthMethod = ""
 		config.SaveConfig(internal.GetConfigPath(), appCfg)
 	}
 
@@ -507,22 +484,20 @@ func authModelsCmd() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// isAntigravityModel checks if a model string belongs to antigravity provider
+// isAntigravityModel checks if a model config belongs to an Antigravity provider.
-func isAntigravityModel(model string) bool {
+func isAntigravityModel(modelCfg *config.ModelConfig) bool {
-	return model == "antigravity" ||
+	protocol, _ := providers.ExtractProtocol(modelCfg)
-		model == "google-antigravity" ||
+	return protocol == "antigravity" || protocol == "google-antigravity"
-		strings.HasPrefix(model, "antigravity/") ||
-		strings.HasPrefix(model, "google-antigravity/")
 }
 
-// isOpenAIModel checks if a model string belongs to openai provider
+// isOpenAIModel checks if a model config belongs to the OpenAI provider.
-func isOpenAIModel(model string) bool {
+func isOpenAIModel(modelCfg *config.ModelConfig) bool {
-	return model == "openai" ||
+	protocol, _ := providers.ExtractProtocol(modelCfg)
-		strings.HasPrefix(model, "openai/")
+	return protocol == "openai"
 }
 
-// isAnthropicModel checks if a model string belongs to anthropic provider
+// isAnthropicModel checks if a model config belongs to the Anthropic provider.
-func isAnthropicModel(model string) bool {
+func isAnthropicModel(modelCfg *config.ModelConfig) bool {
-	return model == "anthropic" ||
+	protocol, _ := providers.ExtractProtocol(modelCfg)
-		strings.HasPrefix(model, "anthropic/")
+	return protocol == "anthropic"
 }

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/login.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ func newLoginCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		provider      string
 		useDeviceCode bool
 		useOauth      bool
+		noBrowser     bool
 	)
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
@@ -14,12 +15,15 @@ func newLoginCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		Short: "Login via OAuth or paste token",
 		Args:  cobra.NoArgs,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
-			return authLoginCmd(provider, useDeviceCode, useOauth)
+			return authLoginCmd(provider, useDeviceCode, useOauth, noBrowser)
 		},
 	}
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&provider, "provider", "p", "", "Provider to login with (openai, anthropic)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&provider, "provider", "p", "", "Provider to login with (openai, anthropic, google-antigravity, antigravity)",
+	)
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&useDeviceCode, "device-code", false, "Use device code flow (for headless environments)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&noBrowser, "no-browser", false, "Do not auto-open a browser during OAuth login")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
 		&useOauth, "setup-token", false,
 		"Use setup-token flow for Anthropic (from `claude setup-token`)",

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/login_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ func TestNewLoginSubCommand(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, cmd.HasFlags())
 
 	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("device-code"))
+	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("no-browser"))
 
 	providerFlag := cmd.Flags().Lookup("provider")
 	require.NotNil(t, providerFlag)

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/status_test.go

@@ -1,12 +1,53 @@
 package auth
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	pkgauth "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/auth"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
 )
 
+func captureAuthStdout(t *testing.T, fn func()) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	oldStdout := os.Stdout
+	r, w, err := os.Pipe()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	os.Stdout = w
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		os.Stdout = oldStdout
+	})
+
+	fn()
+
+	require.NoError(t, w.Close())
+	os.Stdout = oldStdout
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	_, err = io.Copy(&buf, r)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, r.Close())
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func setAuthStatusTestHome(t *testing.T) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	t.Setenv(config.EnvHome, filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".picoclaw"))
+	return tmpDir
+}
+
 func TestNewStatusSubcommand(t *testing.T) {
 	cmd := newStatusCommand()
 
@@ -16,3 +57,47 @@ func TestNewStatusSubcommand(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assert.False(t, cmd.HasFlags())
 }
+
+func TestAuthStatusCmdShowsCanonicalGoogleAntigravityAfterLegacyRefresh(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := setAuthStatusTestHome(t)
+
+	legacyExpiry := time.Date(2026, 4, 16, 10, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	legacyStore := map[string]any{
+		"credentials": map[string]any{
+			"antigravity": map[string]any{
+				"access_token": "legacy-token",
+				"expires_at":   legacyExpiry.Format(time.RFC3339),
+				"provider":     "antigravity",
+				"auth_method":  "oauth",
+				"project_id":   "legacy-project",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	data, err := json.Marshal(legacyStore)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	authPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".picoclaw", "auth.json")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(authPath), 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(authPath, data, 0o600))
+
+	refreshedExpiry := time.Date(2026, 4, 16, 12, 30, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	err = pkgauth.SetCredential("google-antigravity", &pkgauth.AuthCredential{
+		AccessToken: "fresh-token",
+		ExpiresAt:   refreshedExpiry,
+		Provider:    "google-antigravity",
+		AuthMethod:  "oauth",
+		ProjectID:   "fresh-project",
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	output := captureAuthStdout(t, func() {
+		require.NoError(t, authStatusCmd())
+	})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "\nAuthenticated Providers:")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "\n  google-antigravity:\n")
+	assert.NotContains(t, output, "\n  antigravity:\n")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "    Project: fresh-project")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "    Expires: 2026-04-16 12:30")
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(output, ":\n    Method: oauth"))
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/wecom.go

@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+package auth
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mdp/qrterminal/v3"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/logger"
+)
+
+const (
+	wecomQRSourceID          = "picoclaw"
+	wecomQRGenerateEndpoint  = "https://work.weixin.qq.com/ai/qc/generate"
+	wecomQRQueryEndpoint     = "https://work.weixin.qq.com/ai/qc/query_result"
+	wecomQRPageEndpoint      = "https://work.weixin.qq.com/ai/qc/gen"
+	wecomQRHTTPTimeout       = 15 * time.Second
+	wecomQRPollInterval      = 3 * time.Second
+	wecomQRPollTimeout       = 5 * time.Minute
+	wecomDefaultWebSocketURL = "wss://openws.work.weixin.qq.com"
+)
+
+type wecomQRScanner func(context.Context, wecomQRFlowOptions) (wecomQRBotInfo, error)
+
+type wecomQRFlowOptions struct {
+	HTTPClient    *http.Client
+	GenerateURL   string
+	QueryURL      string
+	QRCodePageURL string
+	SourceID      string
+	PollInterval  time.Duration
+	PollTimeout   time.Duration
+	Writer        io.Writer
+}
+
+type wecomQRBotInfo struct {
+	BotID  string
+	Secret string
+}
+
+type wecomQRSession struct {
+	SCode   string
+	AuthURL string
+}
+
+type wecomQRGenerateResponse struct {
+	ErrCode int    `json:"errcode,omitempty"`
+	ErrMsg  string `json:"errmsg,omitempty"`
+	Data    struct {
+		SCode   string `json:"scode"`
+		AuthURL string `json:"auth_url"`
+	} `json:"data"`
+}
+
+type wecomQRQueryResponse struct {
+	ErrCode int    `json:"errcode,omitempty"`
+	ErrMsg  string `json:"errmsg,omitempty"`
+	Data    struct {
+		Status  string `json:"status"`
+		BotInfo struct {
+			BotID  string `json:"botid"`
+			Secret string `json:"secret"`
+		} `json:"bot_info"`
+	} `json:"data"`
+}
+
+func newWeComCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var timeout time.Duration
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "wecom",
+		Short: "Scan a WeCom QR code and configure channels.wecom",
+		Args:  cobra.NoArgs,
+		RunE: func(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+			return authWeComCmd(timeout)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().DurationVar(&timeout, "timeout", wecomQRPollTimeout, "How long to wait for QR confirmation")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func authWeComCmd(timeout time.Duration) error {
+	return authWeComCmdWithScanner(context.Background(), os.Stdout, timeout, scanWeComQRCodeInteractive)
+}
+
+func authWeComCmdWithScanner(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	writer io.Writer,
+	timeout time.Duration,
+	scanner wecomQRScanner,
+) error {
+	if scanner == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wecom QR scanner is nil")
+	}
+	if writer == nil {
+		writer = os.Stdout
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.LoadConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	opts := defaultWeComQRFlowOptions(timeout)
+	opts.Writer = writer
+
+	botInfo, err := scanner(ctx, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	applyWeComAuthResult(cfg, botInfo)
+
+	if saveErr := config.SaveConfig(internal.GetConfigPath(), cfg); saveErr != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save config: %w", saveErr)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintln(writer)
+	fmt.Fprintln(writer, "WeCom connected.")
+	fmt.Fprintf(writer, "Bot ID: %s\n", botInfo.BotID)
+	fmt.Fprintf(writer, "Config: %s\n", internal.GetConfigPath())
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func defaultWeComQRFlowOptions(timeout time.Duration) wecomQRFlowOptions {
+	if timeout <= 0 {
+		timeout = wecomQRPollTimeout
+	}
+
+	return wecomQRFlowOptions{
+		HTTPClient:    &http.Client{Timeout: wecomQRHTTPTimeout},
+		GenerateURL:   wecomQRGenerateEndpoint,
+		QueryURL:      wecomQRQueryEndpoint,
+		QRCodePageURL: wecomQRPageEndpoint,
+		SourceID:      wecomQRSourceID,
+		PollInterval:  wecomQRPollInterval,
+		PollTimeout:   timeout,
+		Writer:        os.Stdout,
+	}
+}
+
+func applyWeComAuthResult(cfg *config.Config, botInfo wecomQRBotInfo) {
+	bc := cfg.Channels.GetByType(config.ChannelWeCom)
+	if bc == nil {
+		bc = &config.Channel{Type: config.ChannelWeCom}
+		cfg.Channels["wecom"] = bc
+	}
+	bc.Enabled = true
+
+	decoded, err := bc.GetDecoded()
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.ErrorCF("wecom", "failed to decode WeCom settings", map[string]any{
+			"error": err.Error(),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+	wecomCfg, ok := decoded.(*config.WeComSettings)
+	if !ok {
+		logger.ErrorCF("wecom", "unexpected WeCom settings type", map[string]any{
+			"got": fmt.Sprintf("%T", decoded),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+	wecomCfg.BotID = botInfo.BotID
+	wecomCfg.Secret = *config.NewSecureString(botInfo.Secret)
+	if strings.TrimSpace(wecomCfg.WebSocketURL) == "" {
+		wecomCfg.WebSocketURL = wecomDefaultWebSocketURL
+	}
+}
+
+func scanWeComQRCodeInteractive(ctx context.Context, opts wecomQRFlowOptions) (wecomQRBotInfo, error) {
+	opts = normalizeWeComQRFlowOptions(opts)
+
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer, "Requesting WeCom QR code...")
+
+	session, err := fetchWeComQRCode(ctx, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return wecomQRBotInfo{}, err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer)
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer, "=======================================================")
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer, "Please scan the following QR code with WeCom:")
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer, "=======================================================")
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer)
+
+	qrterminal.GenerateWithConfig(session.AuthURL, qrterminal.Config{
+		Level:      qrterminal.L,
+		Writer:     opts.Writer,
+		HalfBlocks: true,
+	})
+
+	pageURL, err := buildWeComQRCodePageURL(opts.QRCodePageURL, opts.SourceID, session.SCode)
+	if err != nil {
+		return wecomQRBotInfo{}, err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer)
+	fmt.Fprintf(opts.Writer, "QR Code Link: %s\n", pageURL)
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer)
+	fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer, "Waiting for scan...")
+
+	return pollWeComQRCodeResult(ctx, opts, session.SCode)
+}
+
+func normalizeWeComQRFlowOptions(opts wecomQRFlowOptions) wecomQRFlowOptions {
+	if opts.HTTPClient == nil {
+		opts.HTTPClient = &http.Client{Timeout: wecomQRHTTPTimeout}
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(opts.GenerateURL) == "" {
+		opts.GenerateURL = wecomQRGenerateEndpoint
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(opts.QueryURL) == "" {
+		opts.QueryURL = wecomQRQueryEndpoint
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(opts.QRCodePageURL) == "" {
+		opts.QRCodePageURL = wecomQRPageEndpoint
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(opts.SourceID) == "" {
+		opts.SourceID = wecomQRSourceID
+	}
+	if opts.PollInterval <= 0 {
+		opts.PollInterval = wecomQRPollInterval
+	}
+	if opts.PollTimeout <= 0 {
+		opts.PollTimeout = wecomQRPollTimeout
+	}
+	if opts.Writer == nil {
+		opts.Writer = os.Stdout
+	}
+
+	return opts
+}
+
+func fetchWeComQRCode(ctx context.Context, opts wecomQRFlowOptions) (wecomQRSession, error) {
+	generateURL, err := buildWeComQRGenerateURL(opts.GenerateURL, opts.SourceID, wecomPlatformCode())
+	if err != nil {
+		return wecomQRSession{}, err
+	}
+
+	var resp wecomQRGenerateResponse
+	if err := doWeComJSONGet(ctx, opts.HTTPClient, generateURL, &resp); err != nil {
+		return wecomQRSession{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to get WeCom QR code: %w", err)
+	}
+	if resp.ErrCode != 0 {
+		return wecomQRSession{}, fmt.Errorf(
+			"failed to get WeCom QR code: errcode=%d errmsg=%s",
+			resp.ErrCode,
+			resp.ErrMsg,
+		)
+	}
+	if resp.Data.SCode == "" || resp.Data.AuthURL == "" {
+		return wecomQRSession{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to get WeCom QR code: response missing scode or auth_url")
+	}
+
+	return wecomQRSession{
+		SCode:   resp.Data.SCode,
+		AuthURL: resp.Data.AuthURL,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func pollWeComQRCodeResult(ctx context.Context, opts wecomQRFlowOptions, scode string) (wecomQRBotInfo, error) {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(scode) == "" {
+		return wecomQRBotInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("missing WeCom QR scode")
+	}
+
+	timeoutCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, opts.PollTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	var scannedPrinted bool
+
+	for {
+		status, err := queryWeComQRCodeStatus(timeoutCtx, opts, scode)
+		if err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) || errors.Is(timeoutCtx.Err(), context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+				return wecomQRBotInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("WeCom QR scan timed out after %s", opts.PollTimeout)
+			}
+			return wecomQRBotInfo{}, err
+		}
+
+		switch strings.ToLower(status.Data.Status) {
+		case "success":
+			if status.Data.BotInfo.BotID == "" || status.Data.BotInfo.Secret == "" {
+				return wecomQRBotInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("WeCom QR scan succeeded but bot credentials are missing")
+			}
+			return wecomQRBotInfo{
+				BotID:  status.Data.BotInfo.BotID,
+				Secret: status.Data.BotInfo.Secret,
+			}, nil
+		case "expired":
+			return wecomQRBotInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("WeCom QR code expired, please retry")
+		case "scaned", "scanned":
+			if !scannedPrinted {
+				fmt.Fprintln(opts.Writer, "QR code scanned. Confirm the login in WeCom.")
+				scannedPrinted = true
+			}
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-timeoutCtx.Done():
+			if errors.Is(timeoutCtx.Err(), context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+				return wecomQRBotInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("WeCom QR scan timed out after %s", opts.PollTimeout)
+			}
+			return wecomQRBotInfo{}, timeoutCtx.Err()
+		case <-time.After(opts.PollInterval):
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func queryWeComQRCodeStatus(ctx context.Context, opts wecomQRFlowOptions, scode string) (wecomQRQueryResponse, error) {
+	queryURL, err := buildWeComQRQueryURL(opts.QueryURL, scode)
+	if err != nil {
+		return wecomQRQueryResponse{}, err
+	}
+
+	var resp wecomQRQueryResponse
+	if err := doWeComJSONGet(ctx, opts.HTTPClient, queryURL, &resp); err != nil {
+		return wecomQRQueryResponse{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to query WeCom QR result: %w", err)
+	}
+	if resp.ErrCode != 0 {
+		return wecomQRQueryResponse{}, fmt.Errorf(
+			"failed to query WeCom QR result: errcode=%d errmsg=%s",
+			resp.ErrCode,
+			resp.ErrMsg,
+		)
+	}
+
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+func buildWeComQRGenerateURL(baseURL, sourceID string, platformCode int) (string, error) {
+	u, err := url.Parse(baseURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid WeCom QR generate URL: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	query := u.Query()
+	query.Set("source", sourceID)
+	query.Set("sourceID", sourceID)
+	query.Set("plat", strconv.Itoa(platformCode))
+	u.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+
+	return u.String(), nil
+}
+
+func buildWeComQRQueryURL(baseURL, scode string) (string, error) {
+	u, err := url.Parse(baseURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid WeCom QR query URL: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	query := u.Query()
+	query.Set("scode", scode)
+	u.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+
+	return u.String(), nil
+}
+
+func buildWeComQRCodePageURL(baseURL, sourceID, scode string) (string, error) {
+	u, err := url.Parse(baseURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid WeCom QR page URL: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	query := u.Query()
+	query.Set("source", sourceID)
+	query.Set("sourceID", sourceID)
+	query.Set("scode", scode)
+	u.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+
+	return u.String(), nil
+}
+
+func doWeComJSONGet(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, targetURL string, out any) error {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, targetURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		body, readErr := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 8192))
+		if readErr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unexpected status %s", resp.Status)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected status %s: %s", resp.Status, strings.TrimSpace(string(body)))
+	}
+
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(out); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("decode JSON response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func wecomPlatformCode() int {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "darwin":
+		return 1
+	case "windows":
+		return 2
+	case "linux":
+		return 3
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/wecom_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+package auth
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+func newIPv4TestServer(t *testing.T, handler http.Handler) *httptest.Server {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	server := httptest.NewUnstartedServer(handler)
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp4", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	server.Listener = listener
+	server.Start()
+	t.Cleanup(server.Close)
+	return server
+}
+
+func TestNewWeComCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	cmd := newWeComCommand()
+
+	require.NotNil(t, cmd)
+	assert.Equal(t, "wecom", cmd.Use)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Scan a WeCom QR code and configure channels.wecom", cmd.Short)
+	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("timeout"))
+}
+
+func TestBuildWeComQRGenerateURL(t *testing.T) {
+	rawURL, err := buildWeComQRGenerateURL("https://example.com/ai/qc/generate", wecomQRSourceID, 3)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	parsed, err := url.Parse(rawURL)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, wecomQRSourceID, parsed.Query().Get("source"))
+	assert.Equal(t, wecomQRSourceID, parsed.Query().Get("sourceID"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "3", parsed.Query().Get("plat"))
+}
+
+func TestBuildWeComQRCodePageURL(t *testing.T) {
+	rawURL, err := buildWeComQRCodePageURL("https://example.com/ai/qc/gen", wecomQRSourceID, "scode-1")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	parsed, err := url.Parse(rawURL)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, wecomQRSourceID, parsed.Query().Get("source"))
+	assert.Equal(t, wecomQRSourceID, parsed.Query().Get("sourceID"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "scode-1", parsed.Query().Get("scode"))
+}
+
+func TestFetchWeComQRCode(t *testing.T) {
+	server := newIPv4TestServer(t, http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "/generate", r.URL.Path)
+		assert.Equal(t, wecomQRSourceID, r.URL.Query().Get("source"))
+		assert.Equal(t, wecomQRSourceID, r.URL.Query().Get("sourceID"))
+		assert.Equal(t, strconv.Itoa(wecomPlatformCode()), r.URL.Query().Get("plat"))
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"data":{"scode":"scode-1","auth_url":"https://example.com/qr"}}`))
+	}))
+
+	opts := normalizeWeComQRFlowOptions(wecomQRFlowOptions{
+		HTTPClient:  server.Client(),
+		GenerateURL: server.URL + "/generate",
+		Writer:      bytes.NewBuffer(nil),
+	})
+
+	session, err := fetchWeComQRCode(context.Background(), opts)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "scode-1", session.SCode)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://example.com/qr", session.AuthURL)
+}
+
+func TestPollWeComQRCodeResult(t *testing.T) {
+	var calls atomic.Int32
+
+	server := newIPv4TestServer(t, http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		call := calls.Add(1)
+		assert.Equal(t, "/query", r.URL.Path)
+		assert.Equal(t, "scode-1", r.URL.Query().Get("scode"))
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		switch call {
+		case 1:
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"data":{"status":"wait"}}`))
+		case 2:
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"data":{"status":"scaned"}}`))
+		default:
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"data":{"status":"success","bot_info":{"botid":"bot-1","secret":"secret-1"}}}`))
+		}
+	}))
+
+	var output bytes.Buffer
+	opts := normalizeWeComQRFlowOptions(wecomQRFlowOptions{
+		HTTPClient:   server.Client(),
+		QueryURL:     server.URL + "/query",
+		PollInterval: time.Millisecond,
+		PollTimeout:  time.Second,
+		Writer:       &output,
+	})
+
+	botInfo, err := pollWeComQRCodeResult(context.Background(), opts, "scode-1")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bot-1", botInfo.BotID)
+	assert.Equal(t, "secret-1", botInfo.Secret)
+	assert.Contains(t, output.String(), "QR code scanned. Confirm the login in WeCom.")
+}
+
+func TestApplyWeComAuthResult(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := config.DefaultConfig()
+	require.NoError(t, config.InitChannelList(cfg.Channels))
+	wecom := cfg.Channels["wecom"]
+	t.Logf("wecom: %+v", wecom)
+	decoded, err := wecom.GetDecoded()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	weCfg := decoded.(*config.WeComSettings)
+	weCfg.WebSocketURL = ""
+
+	applyWeComAuthResult(cfg, wecomQRBotInfo{
+		BotID:  "bot-1",
+		Secret: "secret-1",
+	})
+
+	assert.True(t, wecom.Enabled)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bot-1", weCfg.BotID)
+	assert.Equal(t, "secret-1", weCfg.Secret.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, wecomDefaultWebSocketURL, weCfg.WebSocketURL)
+}
+
+func TestAuthWeComCmdWithScanner(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	configPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "config.json")
+
+	t.Setenv(config.EnvHome, tmpDir)
+	t.Setenv(config.EnvConfig, configPath)
+
+	var output bytes.Buffer
+	err := authWeComCmdWithScanner(
+		context.Background(),
+		&output,
+		time.Second,
+		func(_ context.Context, opts wecomQRFlowOptions) (wecomQRBotInfo, error) {
+			assert.Equal(t, wecomQRSourceID, opts.SourceID)
+			return wecomQRBotInfo{
+				BotID:  "bot-1",
+				Secret: "secret-1",
+			}, nil
+		},
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(internal.GetConfigPath())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	wecom := cfg.Channels["wecom"]
+	decoded, err := wecom.GetDecoded()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	weCfg := decoded.(*config.WeComSettings)
+	assert.True(t, wecom.Enabled)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bot-1", weCfg.BotID)
+	assert.Equal(t, "secret-1", weCfg.Secret.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, wecomDefaultWebSocketURL, weCfg.WebSocketURL)
+	assert.Contains(t, output.String(), "WeCom connected.")
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/auth/weixin.go

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+package auth
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels/weixin"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+func newWeixinCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var baseURL string
+	var proxy string
+	var timeout int
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "weixin",
+		Short: "Connect a WeChat personal account via QR code",
+		Long: `Start the interactive Weixin (WeChat personal) QR code login flow.
+
+A QR code is displayed in the terminal. Scan it with the WeChat mobile app
+to authorize your account. On success, the bot token is saved to the picoclaw
+config so you can start the gateway immediately.
+
+Example:
+  picoclaw auth weixin`,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+			return runWeixinOnboard(baseURL, proxy, time.Duration(timeout)*time.Second)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&baseURL, "base-url", "https://ilinkai.weixin.qq.com/", "iLink API base URL")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&proxy, "proxy", "", "HTTP proxy URL (e.g. http://localhost:7890)")
+	cmd.Flags().IntVar(&timeout, "timeout", 300, "Login timeout in seconds")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func runWeixinOnboard(baseURL, proxy string, timeout time.Duration) error {
+	fmt.Println("Starting Weixin (WeChat personal) login...")
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	botToken, userID, accountID, returnedBaseURL, err := weixin.PerformLoginInteractive(
+		context.Background(),
+		weixin.AuthFlowOpts{
+			BaseURL: baseURL,
+			Timeout: timeout,
+			Proxy:   proxy,
+		},
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("login failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("✅ Login successful!")
+	fmt.Printf("   Account ID : %s\n", accountID)
+	if userID != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("   User ID    : %s\n", userID)
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	// Prefer the server-returned base URL (may be region-specific)
+	effectiveBaseURL := returnedBaseURL
+	if effectiveBaseURL == "" {
+		effectiveBaseURL = baseURL
+	}
+
+	if err := saveWeixinConfig(botToken, effectiveBaseURL, proxy); err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("⚠️  Could not auto-save to config: %v\n", err)
+		printManualWeixinConfig(botToken, effectiveBaseURL)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("✓ Config updated. Start the gateway with:")
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("  picoclaw gateway")
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("To restrict which WeChat users can send messages, add their user IDs")
+	fmt.Println("to channels.weixin.allow_from in your config.")
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// saveWeixinConfig patches channels.weixin in the config and saves it.
+func saveWeixinConfig(token, baseURL, proxy string) error {
+	cfgPath := internal.GetConfigPath()
+
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(cfgPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	bc := cfg.Channels.GetByType(config.ChannelWeixin)
+	if bc == nil {
+		bc = &config.Channel{Type: config.ChannelWeixin}
+		cfg.Channels[config.ChannelWeixin] = bc
+	}
+	bc.Enabled = true
+
+	if decoded, err := bc.GetDecoded(); err == nil && decoded != nil {
+		if weixinCfg, ok := decoded.(*config.WeixinSettings); ok {
+			weixinCfg.Token = *config.NewSecureString(token)
+			const defaultBase = "https://ilinkai.weixin.qq.com/"
+			if baseURL != "" && baseURL != defaultBase {
+				weixinCfg.BaseURL = baseURL
+			}
+			if proxy != "" {
+				weixinCfg.Proxy = proxy
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return config.SaveConfig(cfgPath, cfg)
+}
+
+func printManualWeixinConfig(token, baseURL string) {
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("Add the following to the channels section of your picoclaw config:")
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println(`  "weixin": {`)
+	fmt.Println(`    "enabled": true,`)
+	fmt.Printf("    \"token\": %q,\n", token)
+	const defaultBase = "https://ilinkai.weixin.qq.com/"
+	if baseURL != "" && baseURL != defaultBase {
+		fmt.Printf("    \"base_url\": %q,\n", baseURL)
+	}
+	fmt.Println(`    "allow_from": []`)
+	fmt.Println(`  }`)
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui/cliui.go

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+// Package cliui renders human-oriented CLI output: bordered panels and columns
+// on wide interactive terminals. Layout (boxes/columns) is independent of ANSI
+// color: use --no-color or NO_COLOR to disable colors only; narrow or non-TTY
+// stdout falls back to plain line-oriented output.
+package cliui
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	"github.com/muesli/termenv"
+	"golang.org/x/term"
+)
+
+// Minimum terminal width (columns) for bordered / structured layout.
+// Below this, plain line-oriented output is used so boxes do not wrap badly.
+const minWidthFancy = 88
+
+// Minimum width to lay out some views in two columns (e.g. status providers).
+const minWidthColumns = 104
+
+var initMu sync.Mutex
+
+// Init configures lipgloss for this process. When disableAnsiColors is true
+// (e.g. --no-color, NO_COLOR, or TERM=dumb), only color is turned off; Unicode
+// borders still render when UseFancyLayout() is true.
+func Init(disableAnsiColors bool) {
+	initMu.Lock()
+	defer initMu.Unlock()
+	if disableAnsiColors {
+		lipgloss.SetColorProfile(termenv.Ascii)
+		return
+	}
+	lipgloss.SetColorProfile(termenv.EnvColorProfile())
+}
+
+// StdoutWidth returns the terminal width or a sane default if unknown.
+func StdoutWidth() int {
+	w, _, err := term.GetSize(int(os.Stdout.Fd()))
+	if err != nil || w < 20 {
+		return 80
+	}
+	return w
+}
+
+// UseFancyLayout is true when styled boxes/columns should be used.
+func UseFancyLayout() bool {
+	if !term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdout.Fd())) {
+		return false
+	}
+	return StdoutWidth() >= minWidthFancy
+}
+
+// UseColumnLayout is true when a second content column is viable.
+func UseColumnLayout() bool {
+	return UseFancyLayout() && StdoutWidth() >= minWidthColumns
+}
+
+// InnerWidth is the target content width inside borders/margins.
+func InnerWidth() int {
+	w := StdoutWidth()
+	// Rounded border + horizontal padding (lipgloss borders ~= 2 cols each side + padding).
+	const borderBudget = 8
+	if w > borderBudget+48 {
+		return w - borderBudget
+	}
+	return 48
+}
+
+// StderrWidth returns stderr terminal width or a sane default.
+func StderrWidth() int {
+	w, _, err := term.GetSize(int(os.Stderr.Fd()))
+	if err != nil || w < 20 {
+		return 80
+	}
+	return w
+}
+
+// UseFancyStderr is true when stderr can show boxed errors without ugly wraps.
+func UseFancyStderr() bool {
+	if !term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stderr.Fd())) {
+		return false
+	}
+	return StderrWidth() >= minWidthFancy
+}
+
+// InnerStderrWidth mirrors InnerWidth but for stderr.
+func InnerStderrWidth() int {
+	w := StderrWidth()
+	const borderBudget = 8
+	if w > borderBudget+48 {
+		return w - borderBudget
+	}
+	return 48
+}
+
+var (
+	accentBlue = lipgloss.Color("#3E5DB9")
+	accentRed  = lipgloss.Color("#D54646")
+	colorMuted = lipgloss.Color("#6B6B6B")
+	colorOK    = lipgloss.Color("#2E7D32")
+)
+
+func borderStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().
+		Border(lipgloss.RoundedBorder()).
+		BorderForeground(accentBlue).
+		Padding(0, 1)
+}
+
+func titleBarStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().
+		Foreground(accentRed).
+		Bold(true)
+}
+
+func mutedStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(colorMuted)
+}
+
+func bodyStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle()
+}
+
+func kvKeyStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(accentBlue).Bold(true)
+}
+
+func kvValStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle()
+}
+
+// helpIntroStyle is the top tagline (PicoClaw blue, matches ASCII banner left side).
+func helpIntroStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(accentBlue).Bold(true)
+}
+
+// helpIdentStyle is the left column for commands and flags (blue identifiers).
+func helpIdentStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(accentBlue).Bold(true)
+}
+
+// helpPlaceholderStyle highlights <placeholders> in usage lines (red accent).
+func helpPlaceholderStyle() lipgloss.Style {
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(accentRed).Bold(true)
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui/cliui_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+package cliui
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	flag "github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	// Disable ANSI colors in tests so output is predictable plain text.
+	Init(true)
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// showErrHint
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestShowErrHint(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		msg  string
+		want bool
+	}{
+		// Cobra flag errors — should show hint
+		{"unknown flag: --foo", true},
+		{"unknown shorthand flag: 'f' in -f", true},
+		{"flag needs an argument: --output", true},
+		{"required flag(s) \"model\" not set", true},
+		// Generic invalid-argument errors — should show hint
+		{"invalid argument \"abc\" for --count", true},
+		// required flag errors — should show hint
+		{"required flag(s) \"model\" not set", true},
+		// usage: in message — should show hint
+		{"bad input\nusage: picoclaw ...", true},
+		// Should NOT false-positive on broad words
+		{"connection flagged by remote", false},
+		{"feature flag not set", false},
+		{"invalid API key provided", false},
+		{"authentication required", false},
+		// Unrelated messages — no hint
+		{"something went wrong", false},
+		{"network timeout", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		got := showErrHint(tc.msg)
+		if got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("showErrHint(%q) = %v, want %v", tc.msg, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// styleUsageTokens
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestStyleUsageTokensContainsTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		input    string
+		contains []string // substrings that must appear in plain output
+	}{
+		{
+			"picoclaw agent <message>",
+			[]string{"picoclaw agent", "<message>"},
+		},
+		{
+			"picoclaw [command] [flags]",
+			[]string{"picoclaw", "[command]", "[flags]"},
+		},
+		{
+			"picoclaw",
+			[]string{"picoclaw"},
+		},
+		{
+			"cmd <arg1> [--flag]",
+			[]string{"cmd", "<arg1>", "[--flag]"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		out := styleUsageTokens(tc.input)
+		for _, sub := range tc.contains {
+			if !containsStripped(out, sub) {
+				t.Errorf("styleUsageTokens(%q): output %q does not contain %q", tc.input, out, sub)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// containsStripped checks whether plain contains sub after stripping ANSI escapes.
+// Since Init(true) sets Ascii profile, lipgloss emits no escape codes in tests,
+// so this is just a plain substring check.
+func containsStripped(plain, sub string) bool {
+	return len(plain) >= len(sub) && findSubstring(plain, sub)
+}
+
+func findSubstring(s, sub string) bool {
+	for i := 0; i <= len(s)-len(sub); i++ {
+		if s[i:i+len(sub)] == sub {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// collectFlagRows
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestCollectFlagRows_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("test", flag.ContinueOnError)
+	rows := collectFlagRows(fs)
+	if len(rows) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 0 rows for empty FlagSet, got %d", len(rows))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCollectFlagRows_BasicFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("test", flag.ContinueOnError)
+	fs.String("output", "", "output file path")
+	fs.Bool("verbose", false, "enable verbose mode")
+	fs.Int("count", 1, "number of items")
+
+	rows := collectFlagRows(fs)
+
+	if len(rows) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 3 rows, got %d", len(rows))
+	}
+
+	// Rows must be sorted alphabetically by flag name.
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		names = append(names, r[0])
+	}
+	if names[0] > names[1] || names[1] > names[2] {
+		t.Errorf("rows not sorted: %v", names)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCollectFlagRows_Shorthand(t *testing.T) {
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("test", flag.ContinueOnError)
+	fs.StringP("model", "m", "", "model name")
+
+	rows := collectFlagRows(fs)
+	if len(rows) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 row, got %d", len(rows))
+	}
+	left := rows[0][0]
+	if !findSubstring(left, "-m") || !findSubstring(left, "--model") {
+		t.Errorf("expected shorthand and long form in %q", left)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCollectFlagRows_HiddenFlagsExcluded(t *testing.T) {
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("test", flag.ContinueOnError)
+	fs.String("visible", "", "this shows up")
+	hidden := fs.String("hidden", "", "this should not show up")
+	_ = hidden
+	_ = fs.MarkHidden("hidden")
+
+	rows := collectFlagRows(fs)
+	if len(rows) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 row (hidden excluded), got %d", len(rows))
+	}
+	if !findSubstring(rows[0][0], "visible") {
+		t.Errorf("expected visible flag in rows, got %q", rows[0][0])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCollectFlagRows_UsageInRightColumn(t *testing.T) {
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("test", flag.ContinueOnError)
+	fs.String("format", "json", "output format: json or text")
+
+	rows := collectFlagRows(fs)
+	if len(rows) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 row, got %d", len(rows))
+	}
+	if rows[0][1] != "output format: json or text" {
+		t.Errorf("expected usage in right column, got %q", rows[0][1])
+	}
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui/help_cmd.go

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+package cliui
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	flag "github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+// RenderCommandHelp builds Ruff-style sectioned, two-column help when
+// UseFancyLayout(); otherwise plain Cobra-style text.
+func RenderCommandHelp(c *cobra.Command) string {
+	if !UseFancyLayout() {
+		return plainCommandHelp(c)
+	}
+	syncFlags(c)
+
+	var b strings.Builder
+	head, sub := helpIntro(c)
+	if head != "" {
+		b.WriteString(helpIntroStyle().Render(head))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	if sub != "" {
+		b.WriteString(mutedStyle().Render(sub))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	if head != "" || sub != "" {
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+
+	inner := InnerWidth()
+	contentW := inner - 6
+	if contentW < 36 {
+		contentW = 36
+	}
+
+	// Usage
+	usageBody := bodyStyle().MaxWidth(contentW).Render(styleUsageTokens(c.UseLine()))
+	b.WriteString(sectionPanel("Usage", usageBody, inner))
+	b.WriteString("\n")
+
+	// Examples
+	if ex := strings.TrimSpace(c.Example); ex != "" {
+		exBody := bodyStyle().Width(contentW).Render(ex)
+		b.WriteString(sectionPanel("Examples", exBody, inner))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+
+	// Subcommands
+	subs := visibleSubcommands(c)
+	if len(subs) > 0 {
+		rows := make([][2]string, 0, len(subs))
+		for _, sub := range subs {
+			left := sub.Name()
+			if a := sub.Aliases; len(a) > 0 {
+				left += " (" + strings.Join(a, ", ") + ")"
+			}
+			rows = append(rows, [2]string{left, sub.Short})
+		}
+		b.WriteString(sectionPanel("Commands", renderTwoColPairs(rows, contentW), inner))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+
+	// Local options
+	local := c.LocalFlags()
+	opts := collectFlagRows(local)
+	if len(opts) > 0 {
+		title := "Options"
+		if !c.HasParent() {
+			title = "Flags"
+		}
+		b.WriteString(sectionPanel(title, renderTwoColPairs(opts, contentW), inner))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+
+	// Global (inherited) options
+	if c.HasAvailableInheritedFlags() {
+		inh := collectFlagRows(c.InheritedFlags())
+		if len(inh) > 0 {
+			b.WriteString(sectionPanel("Global options", renderTwoColPairs(inh, contentW), inner))
+			b.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+	}
+
+	return b.String()
+}
+
+// RenderCommandQuickRef prints the same Usage / Flags / Global sections as help,
+// for embedding after errors (stderr). outerW is typically InnerStderrWidth().
+func RenderCommandQuickRef(c *cobra.Command, outerW int) string {
+	if c == nil || outerW < 40 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	syncFlags(c)
+	contentW := outerW - 6
+	if contentW < 36 {
+		contentW = 36
+	}
+	var b strings.Builder
+	usageBody := bodyStyle().MaxWidth(contentW).Render(styleUsageTokens(c.UseLine()))
+	b.WriteString(sectionPanel("Usage", usageBody, outerW))
+	b.WriteString("\n")
+	if len(c.Aliases) > 0 {
+		al := "Aliases: " + strings.Join(c.Aliases, ", ")
+		alBody := mutedStyle().MaxWidth(contentW).Render(al)
+		b.WriteString(sectionPanel("Aliases", alBody, outerW))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	opts := collectFlagRows(c.LocalFlags())
+	if len(opts) > 0 {
+		title := "Options"
+		if !c.HasParent() {
+			title = "Flags"
+		}
+		b.WriteString(sectionPanel(title, renderTwoColPairs(opts, contentW), outerW))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	if c.HasAvailableInheritedFlags() {
+		inh := collectFlagRows(c.InheritedFlags())
+		if len(inh) > 0 {
+			b.WriteString(sectionPanel("Global options", renderTwoColPairs(inh, contentW), outerW))
+			b.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+	}
+	return b.String()
+}
+
+func syncFlags(c *cobra.Command) {
+	_ = c.LocalFlags()
+	if c.HasAvailableInheritedFlags() {
+		_ = c.InheritedFlags()
+	}
+}
+
+func plainCommandHelp(c *cobra.Command) string {
+	desc := c.Long
+	if desc == "" {
+		desc = c.Short
+	}
+	desc = strings.TrimRight(desc, " \t\n\r")
+	var b strings.Builder
+	if desc != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintln(&b, desc)
+		fmt.Fprintln(&b)
+	}
+	if c.Runnable() || c.HasSubCommands() {
+		b.WriteString(c.UsageString())
+	}
+	return b.String()
+}
+
+func helpIntro(c *cobra.Command) (head, sub string) {
+	head = strings.TrimSpace(c.Short)
+	long := strings.TrimSpace(c.Long)
+	if long == "" || long == head {
+		return head, ""
+	}
+	lines := strings.Split(long, "\n")
+	var rest []string
+	for i, ln := range lines {
+		ln = strings.TrimSpace(ln)
+		if ln == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if i == 0 && ln == head {
+			continue
+		}
+		rest = append(rest, ln)
+	}
+	sub = strings.Join(rest, "\n")
+	return head, sub
+}
+
+func visibleSubcommands(c *cobra.Command) []*cobra.Command {
+	var out []*cobra.Command
+	for _, sub := range c.Commands() {
+		if sub.Hidden {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, sub)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(out, func(i, j int) bool { return out[i].Name() < out[j].Name() })
+	return out
+}
+
+func sectionPanel(title, body string, width int) string {
+	head := titleBarStyle().Render(title) + "\n\n"
+	return borderStyle().Width(width).Render(head + body)
+}
+
+// styleUsageTokens highlights PicoClaw-blue command tokens and red <placeholders>/[groups].
+func styleUsageTokens(s string) string {
+	var b strings.Builder
+	for len(s) > 0 {
+		ia := strings.Index(s, "<")
+		ib := strings.Index(s, "[")
+		next, kind := -1, 0 // 1 = angle, 2 = bracket
+		switch {
+		case ia >= 0 && (ib < 0 || ia < ib):
+			next, kind = ia, 1
+		case ib >= 0:
+			next, kind = ib, 2
+		}
+		if next < 0 {
+			b.WriteString(helpIdentStyle().Render(s))
+			break
+		}
+		if next > 0 {
+			b.WriteString(helpIdentStyle().Render(s[:next]))
+		}
+		s = s[next:]
+		if kind == 1 {
+			j := strings.Index(s, ">")
+			if j < 0 {
+				b.WriteString(helpIdentStyle().Render(s))
+				break
+			}
+			b.WriteString(helpPlaceholderStyle().Render(s[:j+1]))
+			s = s[j+1:]
+			continue
+		}
+		j := strings.Index(s, "]")
+		if j < 0 {
+			b.WriteString(helpIdentStyle().Render(s))
+			break
+		}
+		b.WriteString(helpPlaceholderStyle().Render(s[:j+1]))
+		s = s[j+1:]
+	}
+	return b.String()
+}
+
+func collectFlagRows(fs *flag.FlagSet) [][2]string {
+	var names []string
+	seen := map[string][2]string{}
+	fs.VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
+		if f.Hidden {
+			return
+		}
+		left := formatFlagLeft(f)
+		right := f.Usage
+		if f.Deprecated != "" {
+			right += " (deprecated: " + f.Deprecated + ")"
+		}
+		names = append(names, f.Name)
+		seen[f.Name] = [2]string{left, right}
+	})
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	rows := make([][2]string, 0, len(names))
+	for _, n := range names {
+		rows = append(rows, seen[n])
+	}
+	return rows
+}
+
+func formatFlagLeft(f *flag.Flag) string {
+	if len(f.Shorthand) > 0 {
+		return "-" + f.Shorthand + ", --" + f.Name
+	}
+	return "--" + f.Name
+}
+
+func renderTwoColPairs(rows [][2]string, contentW int) string {
+	if len(rows) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	leftW := 0
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		if w := lipgloss.Width(r[0]); w > leftW {
+			leftW = w
+		}
+	}
+	const minLeft, maxLeft = 16, 34
+	if leftW < minLeft {
+		leftW = minLeft
+	}
+	if leftW > maxLeft {
+		leftW = maxLeft
+	}
+	gap := "  "
+	rightW := contentW - leftW - lipgloss.Width(gap)
+	if rightW < 24 {
+		rightW = 24
+	}
+
+	var b strings.Builder
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		left := helpIdentStyle().Width(leftW).Align(lipgloss.Left).Render(r[0])
+		right := bodyStyle().Width(rightW).Render(strings.TrimSpace(r[1]))
+		b.WriteString(lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top, left, gap, right))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	return strings.TrimRight(b.String(), "\n")
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui/help_error.go

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package cliui
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// FormatCLIError formats errors with the same boxed sections as help. When ctx
+// is the command that was running when the error occurred, Usage / Flags panels
+// are appended so styling matches picoclaw -h.
+func FormatCLIError(msg string, ctx *cobra.Command) string {
+	msg = strings.TrimRight(msg, "\n")
+	if !UseFancyStderr() {
+		s := "Error: " + msg + "\n"
+		if ctx != nil && showErrHint(msg) {
+			s += "\n" + plainCommandHelp(ctx)
+		}
+		return s
+	}
+	w := InnerStderrWidth()
+	contentW := w - 6
+	if contentW < 36 {
+		contentW = 36
+	}
+
+	title := titleBarStyle().Render("Error") + "\n\n"
+
+	paras := strings.Split(msg, "\n")
+	var body strings.Builder
+	for i, p := range paras {
+		p = strings.TrimRight(p, " ")
+		if p == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		st := bodyStyle().Width(contentW)
+		if i > 0 {
+			body.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+		if i == 0 {
+			body.WriteString(st.Render(p))
+		} else {
+			body.WriteString(mutedStyle().Width(contentW).Render(p))
+		}
+	}
+
+	foot := ""
+	if showErrHint(msg) {
+		if ctx != nil {
+			foot = "\n\n" + mutedStyle().Width(contentW).
+				Render("Full command help: "+ctx.CommandPath()+" --help")
+		} else {
+			foot = "\n\n" + mutedStyle().Width(contentW).
+				Render("Tip: picoclaw --help   ·   picoclaw <command> --help")
+		}
+	}
+
+	out := borderStyle().Width(w).Render(title+body.String()+foot) + "\n"
+	if ctx != nil && showErrHint(msg) {
+		if ref := RenderCommandQuickRef(ctx, w); ref != "" {
+			out += "\n" + ref
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func showErrHint(msg string) bool {
+	m := strings.ToLower(msg)
+	return strings.Contains(m, "unknown flag") ||
+		strings.Contains(m, "unknown shorthand flag") ||
+		strings.Contains(m, "flag needs an argument") ||
+		strings.Contains(m, "invalid argument") ||
+		strings.Contains(m, "required flag") ||
+		strings.Contains(m, "usage:")
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui/mcp_show.go

@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+package cliui
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+)
+
+// MCPShowServer holds the server metadata for PrintMCPShow.
+type MCPShowServer struct {
+	Name              string
+	Type              string
+	Target            string
+	Enabled           bool
+	EffectiveDeferred bool     // resolved value (per-server override or global default)
+	DeferredExplicit  bool     // true = per-server override set, false = inherited from global
+	EnvKeys           []string // sorted env var names (values intentionally omitted)
+	EnvFile           string
+	Headers           []string // sorted header names
+}
+
+// MCPShowTool holds one tool's info for PrintMCPShow.
+type MCPShowTool struct {
+	Name        string
+	Description string
+	Parameters  []MCPShowParam
+}
+
+// MCPShowParam is one parameter entry.
+type MCPShowParam struct {
+	Name        string
+	Type        string
+	Description string
+	Required    bool
+}
+
+// PrintMCPShow renders the mcp show output (plain or fancy).
+// w is where the output is written; pass cmd.OutOrStdout() from cobra commands.
+func PrintMCPShow(w io.Writer, server MCPShowServer, tools []MCPShowTool, disabled bool) {
+	if !UseFancyLayout() {
+		printMCPShowPlain(w, server, tools, disabled)
+		return
+	}
+	printMCPShowFancy(w, server, tools, disabled)
+}
+
+// ── plain (narrow / non-TTY) ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func printMCPShowPlain(w io.Writer, server MCPShowServer, tools []MCPShowTool, disabled bool) {
+	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Server: %s\n", server.Name)
+	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Type:   %s\n", server.Type)
+	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Target: %s\n", server.Target)
+	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Enabled: %s\n", boolWord(server.Enabled))
+	deferredLabel := boolWord(server.EffectiveDeferred)
+	if !server.DeferredExplicit {
+		deferredLabel += " (default)"
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Deferred: %s\n", deferredLabel)
+	if len(server.EnvKeys) > 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Env vars: %s\n", strings.Join(server.EnvKeys, ", "))
+	}
+	if server.EnvFile != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Env file: %s\n", server.EnvFile)
+	}
+	if len(server.Headers) > 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Headers: %s\n", strings.Join(server.Headers, ", "))
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintln(w)
+
+	if disabled {
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "Server is disabled; skipping tool discovery.")
+		return
+	}
+	if len(tools) == 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, "No tools exposed by this server.")
+		return
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Tools (%d):\n", len(tools))
+	for _, tool := range tools {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "  %s\n", tool.Name)
+		if tool.Description != "" {
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, "    %s\n", truncateDescription(tool.Description, 120))
+		}
+		if len(tool.Parameters) == 0 {
+			fmt.Fprintln(w, "    Parameters: none")
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, p := range tool.Parameters {
+			line := fmt.Sprintf("    - %s", p.Name)
+			if p.Type != "" {
+				line += fmt.Sprintf(" (%s", p.Type)
+				if p.Required {
+					line += ", required"
+				}
+				line += ")"
+			} else if p.Required {
+				line += " (required)"
+			}
+			if p.Description != "" {
+				line += ": " + truncateDescription(p.Description, 80)
+			}
+			fmt.Fprintln(w, line)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ── fancy (wide TTY) ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+var (
+	mcpToolNameStyle = func() lipgloss.Style {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(accentBlue).Bold(true)
+	}
+	mcpParamNameStyle = func() lipgloss.Style {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(accentRed).Bold(true)
+	}
+	mcpTagStyle = func() lipgloss.Style {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#888888"))
+	}
+	mcpRequiredStyle = func() lipgloss.Style {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#D54646")).Bold(true)
+	}
+	mcpOptionalStyle = func() lipgloss.Style {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#6B6B6B"))
+	}
+	mcpDescStyle = func() lipgloss.Style {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#CCCCCC"))
+	}
+)
+
+func printMCPShowFancy(w io.Writer, server MCPShowServer, tools []MCPShowTool, disabled bool) {
+	inner := InnerWidth()
+	box := borderStyle().Width(inner)
+
+	var b strings.Builder
+
+	// ── server header ──
+	b.WriteString(titleBarStyle().Render("⬡  " + server.Name))
+	b.WriteString("\n\n")
+
+	keyW := 10
+	writeKV := func(key, val string) {
+		k := kvKeyStyle().Width(keyW).Render(key)
+		b.WriteString(k + "  " + val + "\n")
+	}
+
+	writeKV("Type", server.Type)
+	writeKV("Target", server.Target)
+	writeKV("Enabled", coloredBool(server.Enabled))
+	deferredVal := coloredBool(server.EffectiveDeferred)
+	if !server.DeferredExplicit {
+		deferredVal += "  " + mcpTagStyle().Render("(default)")
+	}
+	writeKV("Deferred", deferredVal)
+	if len(server.EnvKeys) > 0 {
+		writeKV("Env vars", mutedStyle().Render(strings.Join(server.EnvKeys, ", ")))
+	}
+	if server.EnvFile != "" {
+		writeKV("Env file", mutedStyle().Render(server.EnvFile))
+	}
+	if len(server.Headers) > 0 {
+		writeKV("Headers", mutedStyle().Render(strings.Join(server.Headers, ", ")))
+	}
+
+	if disabled {
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+		b.WriteString(mutedStyle().Render("Server is disabled; skipping tool discovery."))
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, box.Render(b.String()))
+		return
+	}
+
+	if len(tools) == 0 {
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+		b.WriteString(mutedStyle().Render("No tools exposed by this server."))
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, box.Render(b.String()))
+		return
+	}
+
+	// ── tools section ──
+	b.WriteString("\n")
+	b.WriteString(kvKeyStyle().Render(fmt.Sprintf("Tools (%d)", len(tools))))
+	b.WriteString("\n")
+
+	contentW := inner - 4 // account for box padding
+	for i, tool := range tools {
+		if i > 0 {
+			b.WriteString(strings.Repeat("─", contentW) + "\n")
+		}
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+
+		// Tool name + index badge
+		badge := mcpTagStyle().Render(fmt.Sprintf("[%d/%d]", i+1, len(tools)))
+		b.WriteString("  " + mcpToolNameStyle().Render(tool.Name) + "  " + badge + "\n")
+
+		// Description (wrapped to content width)
+		if tool.Description != "" {
+			desc := truncateDescription(tool.Description, 160)
+			b.WriteString("  " + mcpDescStyle().Render(desc) + "\n")
+		}
+
+		// Parameters
+		if len(tool.Parameters) == 0 {
+			b.WriteString("  " + mcpTagStyle().Render("no parameters") + "\n")
+			continue
+		}
+
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+		for _, p := range tool.Parameters {
+			// name
+			pName := mcpParamNameStyle().Render(p.Name)
+
+			// type tag
+			typeTag := ""
+			if p.Type != "" {
+				typeTag = "  " + mcpTagStyle().Render("<"+p.Type+">")
+			}
+
+			// required / optional badge
+			var reqBadge string
+			if p.Required {
+				reqBadge = "  " + mcpRequiredStyle().Render("required")
+			} else {
+				reqBadge = "  " + mcpOptionalStyle().Render("optional")
+			}
+
+			b.WriteString("    " + pName + typeTag + reqBadge + "\n")
+
+			if p.Description != "" {
+				desc := truncateDescription(p.Description, 120)
+				b.WriteString("      " + mutedStyle().Render(desc) + "\n")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintln(w, box.Render(b.String()))
+}
+
+// ── mcp list ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+// MCPListRow is one row in the mcp list output.
+type MCPListRow struct {
+	Name              string
+	Type              string
+	Target            string
+	Status            string // "enabled", "disabled", "ok (N tools)", "error"
+	EffectiveDeferred bool   // resolved value (per-server override or global default)
+	DeferredExplicit  bool   // true = per-server override set, false = inherited from global
+}
+
+// PrintMCPList renders the mcp list output (plain or fancy).
+func PrintMCPList(w io.Writer, rows []MCPListRow) {
+	if !UseFancyLayout() {
+		printMCPListPlain(w, rows)
+		return
+	}
+	printMCPListFancy(w, rows)
+}
+
+func printMCPListPlain(w io.Writer, rows []MCPListRow) {
+	headers := []string{"Name", "Type", "Command", "Status", "Deferred"}
+	tableRows := make([][]string, len(rows))
+	for i, r := range rows {
+		deferred := boolWord(r.EffectiveDeferred)
+		if !r.DeferredExplicit {
+			deferred += " (default)"
+		}
+		tableRows[i] = []string{r.Name, r.Type, r.Target, r.Status, deferred}
+	}
+	// reuse the ASCII table renderer already in helpers.go via the caller
+	// (list.go still uses renderTable for the plain path)
+	widths := make([]int, len(headers))
+	for i, h := range headers {
+		widths[i] = len(h)
+	}
+	for _, row := range tableRows {
+		for i, cell := range row {
+			if len(cell) > widths[i] {
+				widths[i] = len(cell)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	border := func() {
+		fmt.Fprint(w, "+")
+		for _, width := range widths {
+			fmt.Fprint(w, strings.Repeat("-", width+2)+"+")
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintln(w)
+	}
+	writeRow := func(row []string) {
+		fmt.Fprint(w, "|")
+		for i, cell := range row {
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, " %s%s |", cell, strings.Repeat(" ", widths[i]-len(cell)))
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintln(w)
+	}
+	border()
+	writeRow(headers)
+	border()
+	for _, row := range tableRows {
+		writeRow(row)
+	}
+	border()
+}
+
+func printMCPListFancy(w io.Writer, rows []MCPListRow) {
+	inner := InnerWidth()
+	box := borderStyle().Width(inner)
+
+	var b strings.Builder
+
+	title := fmt.Sprintf("MCP Servers (%d)", len(rows))
+	b.WriteString(titleBarStyle().Render(title))
+	b.WriteString("\n")
+
+	contentW := inner - 4
+	for i, row := range rows {
+		if i > 0 {
+			b.WriteString(strings.Repeat("─", contentW) + "\n")
+		}
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+
+		statusBadge := mcpListStatusStyle(row.Status).Render(row.Status)
+		var deferredBadge string
+		if row.EffectiveDeferred {
+			if row.DeferredExplicit {
+				deferredBadge = "  " + mcpTagStyle().Render("deferred")
+			} else {
+				deferredBadge = "  " + mcpOptionalStyle().Render("deferred (default)")
+			}
+		}
+		b.WriteString("  " + mcpToolNameStyle().Render(row.Name) + "  " + statusBadge + deferredBadge + "\n")
+		b.WriteString("  " + mcpTagStyle().Render(row.Type+"  "+row.Target) + "\n")
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintln(w, box.Render(b.String()))
+}
+
+func mcpListStatusStyle(status string) lipgloss.Style {
+	switch {
+	case status == "enabled":
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#2E7D32")).Bold(true)
+	case status == "disabled":
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#6B6B6B"))
+	case strings.HasPrefix(status, "ok"):
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#2E7D32")).Bold(true)
+	case status == "error":
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#D54646")).Bold(true)
+	default:
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle()
+	}
+}
+
+// ── helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+func boolWord(v bool) string {
+	if v {
+		return "yes"
+	}
+	return "no"
+}
+
+func coloredBool(v bool) string {
+	if v {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#2E7D32")).Bold(true).Render("yes")
+	}
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#D54646")).Render("no")
+}
+
+// truncateDescription strips newlines, collapses whitespace, and caps length.
+func truncateDescription(s string, maxLen int) string {
+	// collapse newlines and repeated spaces into a single space
+	s = strings.Join(strings.Fields(s), " ")
+	if len(s) <= maxLen {
+		return s
+	}
+	// cut at last space before maxLen
+	cut := s[:maxLen]
+	if idx := strings.LastIndex(cut, " "); idx > maxLen/2 {
+		cut = cut[:idx]
+	}
+	return cut + "…"
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui/onboard.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package cliui
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+)
+
+// PrintOnboardComplete prints the post-onboard “ready” message and next steps.
+func PrintOnboardComplete(logo string, encrypt bool, configPath string) {
+	if !UseFancyLayout() {
+		printOnboardPlain(logo, encrypt, configPath)
+		return
+	}
+	printOnboardFancy(logo, encrypt, configPath)
+}
+
+func printOnboardPlain(logo string, encrypt bool, configPath string) {
+	fmt.Printf("\n%s picoclaw is ready!\n", logo)
+	fmt.Println("\nNext steps:")
+	if encrypt {
+		fmt.Println("  1. Set your encryption passphrase before starting picoclaw:")
+		fmt.Println("       export PICOCLAW_KEY_PASSPHRASE=<your-passphrase>   # Linux/macOS")
+		fmt.Println("       set PICOCLAW_KEY_PASSPHRASE=<your-passphrase>      # Windows cmd")
+		fmt.Println("")
+		fmt.Println("  2. Add your API key to", configPath)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("  1. Add your API key to", configPath)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("")
+	fmt.Println("     Recommended:")
+	fmt.Println("     - OpenRouter: https://openrouter.ai/keys (access 100+ models)")
+	fmt.Println("     - Ollama:     https://ollama.com (local, free)")
+	fmt.Println("")
+	fmt.Println("     See README.md for 17+ supported providers.")
+	fmt.Println("")
+	if encrypt {
+		fmt.Println("  3. Chat: picoclaw agent -m \"Hello!\"")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("  2. Chat: picoclaw agent -m \"Hello!\"")
+	}
+}
+
+func printOnboardFancy(logo string, encrypt bool, configPath string) {
+	inner := InnerWidth()
+	box := borderStyle().MaxWidth(inner + 8)
+
+	ready := titleBarStyle().Render(logo+" picoclaw is ready!") + "\n"
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println(box.Width(inner).Render(strings.TrimSpace(ready)))
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	steps := buildOnboardingSteps(encrypt, configPath)
+	rec := recommendedBlock()
+	chat := chatStep(encrypt)
+
+	if UseColumnLayout() {
+		leftW := min(inner/2-2, 52)
+		rightW := inner - leftW - 4
+		if rightW < 36 {
+			rightW = 36
+		}
+		leftBlock := borderStyle().MaxWidth(leftW + 8).Width(leftW).
+			Render(titleBarStyle().Render("Next steps") + "\n\n" + bodyStyle().Width(leftW).Render(steps))
+		rightBlock := borderStyle().MaxWidth(rightW + 8).Width(rightW).
+			Render(mutedStyle().Bold(true).Render("Recommended") + "\n\n" + bodyStyle().Width(rightW).Render(rec))
+		gap := strings.Repeat(" ", 2)
+		fmt.Println(lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top, leftBlock, gap, rightBlock))
+		fmt.Println()
+		full := borderStyle().Width(inner).Render(bodyStyle().Width(inner - 4).Render(chat))
+		fmt.Println(full)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Same order as plain output: numbered steps → recommended → chat line.
+	next := titleBarStyle().Render("Next steps") + "\n\n" +
+		bodyStyle().Width(inner-4).Render(steps+"\n\n"+rec+"\n\n"+chat)
+	fmt.Println(borderStyle().Width(inner).Render(next))
+}
+
+func buildOnboardingSteps(encrypt bool, configPath string) string {
+	var b strings.Builder
+	if encrypt {
+		b.WriteString("1. Set your encryption passphrase before starting picoclaw:\n")
+		b.WriteString("   export PICOCLAW_KEY_PASSPHRASE=<your-passphrase>   # Linux/macOS\n")
+		b.WriteString("   set PICOCLAW_KEY_PASSPHRASE=<your-passphrase>      # Windows cmd\n\n")
+		b.WriteString("2. Add your API key to\n   ")
+		b.WriteString(configPath)
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	} else {
+		b.WriteString("1. Add your API key to\n   ")
+		b.WriteString(configPath)
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	return b.String()
+}
+
+func recommendedBlock() string {
+	return "• OpenRouter: https://openrouter.ai/keys\n  (access 100+ models)\n\n" +
+		"• Ollama: https://ollama.com\n  (local, free)\n\n" +
+		"See README.md for 17+ supported providers."
+}
+
+func chatStep(encrypt bool) string {
+	if encrypt {
+		return "3. Chat:\n   picoclaw agent -m \"Hello!\""
+	}
+	return "2. Chat:\n   picoclaw agent -m \"Hello!\""
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui/status.go

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+package cliui
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+)
+
+// ProviderRow holds one provider's display name and status value.
+type ProviderRow struct {
+	Name string
+	Val  string
+}
+
+// StatusReport is a structured status view for PrintStatus.
+type StatusReport struct {
+	Logo          string
+	Version       string
+	Build         string
+	ConfigPath    string
+	ConfigOK      bool
+	WorkspacePath string
+	WorkspaceOK   bool
+	Model         string
+	Providers     []ProviderRow
+	OAuthLines    []string // each full line "provider (method): state"
+}
+
+// PrintStatus renders picoclaw status (plain or fancy).
+func PrintStatus(r StatusReport) {
+	if !UseFancyLayout() {
+		printStatusPlain(r)
+		return
+	}
+	printStatusFancy(r)
+}
+
+func printStatusPlain(r StatusReport) {
+	fmt.Printf("%s picoclaw Status\n", r.Logo)
+	fmt.Printf("Version: %s\n", r.Version)
+	if r.Build != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Build: %s\n", r.Build)
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	printPathLine("Config", r.ConfigPath, r.ConfigOK)
+	printPathLine("Workspace", r.WorkspacePath, r.WorkspaceOK)
+
+	if r.ConfigOK {
+		fmt.Printf("Model: %s\n", r.Model)
+		for _, p := range r.Providers {
+			fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", p.Name, p.Val)
+		}
+		if len(r.OAuthLines) > 0 {
+			fmt.Println("\nOAuth/Token Auth:")
+			for _, line := range r.OAuthLines {
+				fmt.Printf("  %s\n", line)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func printPathLine(label, path string, ok bool) {
+	mark := "✗"
+	if ok {
+		mark = "✓"
+	}
+	fmt.Println(label+":", path, mark)
+}
+
+func printStatusFancy(r StatusReport) {
+	inner := InnerWidth()
+	topBox := borderStyle().Width(inner)
+
+	var head strings.Builder
+	head.WriteString(titleBarStyle().Render(r.Logo + " picoclaw Status"))
+	head.WriteString("\n\n")
+	head.WriteString(kvKeyStyle().Render("Version") + "  " + kvValStyle().Render(r.Version))
+	if r.Build != "" {
+		head.WriteString("\n")
+		head.WriteString(kvKeyStyle().Render("Build") + "     " + kvValStyle().Render(r.Build))
+	}
+	fmt.Println(topBox.Render(head.String()))
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	if UseColumnLayout() && len(r.Providers) > 0 && r.ConfigOK {
+		leftW := (inner - 2) / 2
+		rightW := inner - leftW - 2
+		pathsNarrow := pathStatusPanel(r, leftW)
+		prov := providerTablePanel(r, rightW)
+		gap := strings.Repeat(" ", 2)
+		fmt.Println(lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top, pathsNarrow, gap, prov))
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println(pathStatusPanel(r, inner))
+		if len(r.Providers) > 0 && r.ConfigOK {
+			fmt.Println(providerTablePanel(r, inner))
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(r.OAuthLines) > 0 && r.ConfigOK {
+		var ob strings.Builder
+		ob.WriteString(titleBarStyle().Render("OAuth / token auth") + "\n\n")
+		for _, line := range r.OAuthLines {
+			ob.WriteString("  • " + line + "\n")
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+		fmt.Println(borderStyle().Width(inner).Render(ob.String()))
+	}
+}
+
+func pathStatusPanel(r StatusReport, inner int) string {
+	cfgMark := statusMark(r.ConfigOK)
+	wsMark := statusMark(r.WorkspaceOK)
+	var b strings.Builder
+	b.WriteString(kvKeyStyle().Render("Config") + "\n")
+	b.WriteString(mutedStyle().Render(r.ConfigPath))
+	b.WriteString(" " + cfgMark + "\n\n")
+	b.WriteString(kvKeyStyle().Render("Workspace") + "\n")
+	b.WriteString(mutedStyle().Render(r.WorkspacePath))
+	b.WriteString(" " + wsMark + "\n")
+	if r.ConfigOK {
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+		b.WriteString(kvKeyStyle().Render("Model") + "  " + kvValStyle().Render(r.Model))
+	}
+	return borderStyle().Width(inner).Render(b.String())
+}
+
+func statusMark(ok bool) string {
+	if ok {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(colorOK).Render("✓")
+	}
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(accentRed).Render("✗")
+}
+
+func providerTablePanel(r StatusReport, colW int) string {
+	if len(r.Providers) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	keyW := min(22, colW/3)
+	if keyW < 14 {
+		keyW = 14
+	}
+	valW := colW - keyW - 3
+	if valW < 12 {
+		valW = 12
+	}
+
+	var b strings.Builder
+	b.WriteString(titleBarStyle().Render("Providers & local") + "\n\n")
+	for _, p := range r.Providers {
+		k := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(accentBlue).Bold(true).Width(keyW).Render(p.Name)
+		v := styleProviderVal(p.Val).Width(valW).Render(p.Val)
+		b.WriteString(lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top, k, "  ", v))
+		b.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	return borderStyle().Width(colW).Render(strings.TrimRight(b.String(), "\n"))
+}
+
+func styleProviderVal(s string) lipgloss.Style {
+	if s == "✓" || strings.HasPrefix(s, "✓ ") {
+		return lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(colorOK)
+	}
+	if s == "not set" {
+		return mutedStyle()
+	}
+	return lipgloss.NewStyle()
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui/version.go

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package cliui
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+)
+
+// PrintVersion prints version, optional build info, and Go toolchain line.
+func PrintVersion(logo, versionLine string, build, goVer string) {
+	if !UseFancyLayout() {
+		fmt.Printf("%s %s\n", logo, versionLine)
+		if build != "" {
+			fmt.Printf("  Build: %s\n", build)
+		}
+		if goVer != "" {
+			fmt.Printf("  Go: %s\n", goVer)
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	inner := InnerWidth()
+	box := borderStyle().Width(inner)
+
+	if UseColumnLayout() {
+		leftCol := kvKeyStyle().Width(12).Align(lipgloss.Right)
+		rightW := inner - 16
+		rightStyle := kvValStyle().Width(rightW)
+
+		rows := [][]string{
+			{leftCol.Render("Version"), rightStyle.Render(versionLine)},
+		}
+		if build != "" {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{leftCol.Render("Build"), rightStyle.Render(build)})
+		}
+		if goVer != "" {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{leftCol.Render("Go"), rightStyle.Render(goVer)})
+		}
+		var body strings.Builder
+		for _, r := range rows {
+			body.WriteString(lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top, r[0], "  ", r[1]))
+			body.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+		header := titleBarStyle().Render(logo+" picoclaw") + "\n\n"
+		fmt.Println(box.Render(header + body.String()))
+		return
+	}
+
+	var lines []string
+	lines = append(lines, titleBarStyle().Render(logo+" picoclaw"))
+	lines = append(lines, "")
+	lines = append(lines, kvKeyStyle().Render("Version")+"  "+kvValStyle().Render(versionLine))
+	if build != "" {
+		lines = append(lines, kvKeyStyle().Render("Build")+"     "+kvValStyle().Render(build))
+	}
+	if goVer != "" {
+		lines = append(lines, kvKeyStyle().Render("Go")+"        "+kvValStyle().Render(goVer))
+	}
+	fmt.Println(box.Render(strings.Join(lines, "\n")))
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cron/add.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ func newAddCommand(storePath func() string) *cobra.Command {
 		message string
 		every   int64
 		cronExp string
-		deliver bool
 		channel string
 		to      string
 	)
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ func newAddCommand(storePath func() string) *cobra.Command {
 			}
 
 			cs := cron.NewCronService(storePath(), nil)
-			job, err := cs.AddJob(name, schedule, message, deliver, channel, to)
+			job, err := cs.AddJob(name, schedule, message, channel, to)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("error adding job: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -52,7 +51,6 @@ func newAddCommand(storePath func() string) *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&message, "message", "m", "", "Message for agent")
 	cmd.Flags().Int64VarP(&every, "every", "e", 0, "Run every N seconds")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&cronExp, "cron", "c", "", "Cron expression (e.g. '0 9 * * *')")
-	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&deliver, "deliver", "d", false, "Deliver response to channel")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&to, "to", "", "Recipient for delivery")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&channel, "channel", "", "Channel for delivery")
 

cmd/picoclaw/internal/cron/add_test.go

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ func TestNewAddSubcommand(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("every"))
 	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("cron"))
-	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("deliver"))
 	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("to"))
 	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("channel"))
 

cmd/picoclaw/internal/gateway/command.go

@@ -2,19 +2,34 @@ package gateway
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/gateway"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/netbind"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/utils"
 )
 
+func resolveGatewayHostOverride(explicit bool, host string) (string, error) {
+	if !explicit {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	normalized, err := netbind.NormalizeHostInput(host)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid --host value: %w", err)
+	}
+	return normalized, nil
+}
+
 func NewGatewayCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	var debug bool
 	var noTruncate bool
 	var allowEmpty bool
+	var host string
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "gateway",
@@ -33,8 +48,26 @@ func NewGatewayCommand() *cobra.Command {
 
 			return nil
 		},
-		RunE: func(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
-			return gateway.Run(debug, internal.GetConfigPath(), allowEmpty)
+			resolvedHost, err := resolveGatewayHostOverride(cmd.Flags().Changed("host"), host)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if resolvedHost != "" {
+				prevHost, hadPrev := os.LookupEnv(config.EnvGatewayHost)
+				if err := os.Setenv(config.EnvGatewayHost, resolvedHost); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to set %s: %w", config.EnvGatewayHost, err)
+				}
+				defer func() {
+					if hadPrev {
+						_ = os.Setenv(config.EnvGatewayHost, prevHost)
+						return
+					}
+					_ = os.Unsetenv(config.EnvGatewayHost)
+				}()
+			}
+
+			return gateway.Run(debug, internal.GetPicoclawHome(), internal.GetConfigPath(), allowEmpty)
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -47,6 +80,12 @@ func NewGatewayCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		false,
 		"Continue starting even when no default model is configured",
 	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&host,
+		"host",
+		"",
+		"Host address for gateway binding (overrides gateway.host for this run)",
+	)
 
 	return cmd
 }

cmd/picoclaw/internal/gateway/command_test.go

@@ -29,4 +29,38 @@ func TestNewGatewayCommand(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, cmd.HasFlags())
 	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("debug"))
 	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("allow-empty"))
+	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.Flags().Lookup("host"))
+}
+
+func TestResolveGatewayHostOverride(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		explicit bool
+		host     string
+		wantHost string
+		wantErr  bool
+	}{
+		{name: "implicit empty host is allowed", explicit: false, host: "", wantHost: "", wantErr: false},
+		{name: "explicit empty host rejected", explicit: true, host: "   ", wantHost: "", wantErr: true},
+		{name: "explicit localhost kept", explicit: true, host: " localhost ", wantHost: "localhost", wantErr: false},
+		{
+			name:     "explicit multi host normalized",
+			explicit: true,
+			host:     " [::1] , 127.0.0.1 ",
+			wantHost: "::1,127.0.0.1",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := resolveGatewayHostOverride(tt.explicit, tt.host)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
+				t.Fatalf("resolveGatewayHostOverride() err = %v, wantErr %t", err, tt.wantErr)
+			}
+			if got != tt.wantHost {
+				t.Fatalf("resolveGatewayHostOverride() host = %q, want %q", got, tt.wantHost)
+			}
+		})
+	}
 }

cmd/picoclaw/internal/helpers.go

@@ -4,30 +4,33 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/logger"
 )
 
-const Logo = "🦞"
+const Logo = pkg.Logo
 
 // GetPicoclawHome returns the picoclaw home directory.
 // Priority: $PICOCLAW_HOME > ~/.picoclaw
 func GetPicoclawHome() string {
-	if home := os.Getenv("PICOCLAW_HOME"); home != "" {
+	return config.GetHome()
-		return home
-	}
-	home, _ := os.UserHomeDir()
-	return filepath.Join(home, ".picoclaw")
 }
 
 func GetConfigPath() string {
-	if configPath := os.Getenv("PICOCLAW_CONFIG"); configPath != "" {
+	if configPath := os.Getenv(config.EnvConfig); configPath != "" {
 		return configPath
 	}
 	return filepath.Join(GetPicoclawHome(), "config.json")
 }
 
 func LoadConfig() (*config.Config, error) {
-	return config.LoadConfig(GetConfigPath())
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(GetConfigPath())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	logger.SetLevelFromString(cfg.Gateway.LogLevel)
+	return cfg, nil
 }
 
 // FormatVersion returns the version string with optional git commit

cmd/picoclaw/internal/helpers_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
 )
 
 func TestGetConfigPath(t *testing.T) {
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ func TestGetConfigPath(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestGetConfigPath_WithPICOCLAW_HOME(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("PICOCLAW_HOME", "/custom/picoclaw")
+	t.Setenv(config.EnvHome, "/custom/picoclaw")
 	t.Setenv("HOME", "/tmp/home")
 
 	got := GetConfigPath()
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ func TestGetConfigPath_WithPICOCLAW_HOME(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestGetConfigPath_WithPICOCLAW_CONFIG(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Setenv("PICOCLAW_CONFIG", "/custom/config.json")
-	t.Setenv("PICOCLAW_HOME", "/custom/picoclaw")
+	t.Setenv(config.EnvHome, "/custom/picoclaw")
 	t.Setenv("HOME", "/tmp/home")
 
 	got := GetConfigPath()

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/add.go

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+package mcp
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+type addOptions struct {
+	Env       []string
+	EnvFile   string
+	Headers   []string
+	Transport string
+	Force     bool
+	Deferred  *bool // nil = not set, true = deferred, false = not deferred
+}
+
+func newAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:                "add [flags] <name> <command-or-url> [args...]",
+		Short:              "Add or update an MCP server",
+		DisableFlagParsing: true,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			opts, name, target, targetArgs, showHelp, err := parseAddArgs(args)
+			if showHelp {
+				return cmd.Help()
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			cfg, err := loadConfig()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers == nil {
+				cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers = make(map[string]config.MCPServerConfig)
+			}
+
+			if _, exists := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers[name]; exists && !opts.Force {
+				var overwrite bool
+
+				overwrite, err = confirmOverwrite(cmd.InOrStdin(), cmd.OutOrStdout(), name)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to confirm overwrite: %w", err)
+				}
+				if !overwrite {
+					return fmt.Errorf("aborted: MCP server %q already exists", name)
+				}
+			}
+
+			server, err := buildServerConfig(target, targetArgs, opts)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			cfg.Tools.MCP.Enabled = true
+			cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers[name] = server
+
+			if err := saveValidatedConfig(cfg); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			fmt.Fprintf(cmd.OutOrStdout(), "✓ MCP server %q saved.\n", name)
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	flags := cmd.Flags()
+	flags.StringArrayP("env", "e", nil, "Environment variable in KEY=value format (repeatable, saved to config)")
+	flags.String("env-file", "", "Path to an env file for stdio servers (recommended for secrets)")
+	flags.StringArrayP("header", "H", nil, "HTTP header in 'Name: Value' or 'Name=Value' format (repeatable)")
+	flags.StringP("transport", "t", "stdio", "Transport type: stdio, http, or sse")
+	flags.BoolP("force", "f", false, "Overwrite an existing server without prompting")
+	flags.Bool("deferred", false, "Mark server as deferred (tools hidden until explicitly activated)")
+	flags.Bool("no-deferred", false, "Mark server as non-deferred (tools always active)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func parseAddArgs(args []string) (addOptions, string, string, []string, bool, error) {
+	opts := addOptions{Transport: "stdio"}
+	var positional []string
+	serverArgs := make([]string, 0)
+	explicitCommand := make([]string, 0)
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(args); i++ {
+		arg := args[i]
+
+		switch {
+		case arg == "--help" || arg == "-h":
+			return addOptions{}, "", "", nil, true, nil
+		case arg == "--":
+			if i+1 < len(args) {
+				explicitCommand = append(explicitCommand, args[i+1:]...)
+			}
+			i = len(args)
+		case arg == "--force" || arg == "-f":
+			opts.Force = true
+		case arg == "--deferred":
+			t := true
+			opts.Deferred = &t
+		case arg == "--no-deferred":
+			f := false
+			opts.Deferred = &f
+		case arg == "--transport" || arg == "-t":
+			if i+1 >= len(args) {
+				return addOptions{}, "", "", nil, false, fmt.Errorf("missing value for %s", arg)
+			}
+			i++
+			opts.Transport = args[i]
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--transport="):
+			opts.Transport = strings.TrimPrefix(arg, "--transport=")
+		case arg == "--env" || arg == "-e":
+			if i+1 >= len(args) {
+				return addOptions{}, "", "", nil, false, fmt.Errorf("missing value for %s", arg)
+			}
+			i++
+			opts.Env = append(opts.Env, args[i])
+		case arg == "--env-file":
+			if i+1 >= len(args) {
+				return addOptions{}, "", "", nil, false, fmt.Errorf("missing value for %s", arg)
+			}
+			i++
+			opts.EnvFile = args[i]
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--env="):
+			opts.Env = append(opts.Env, strings.TrimPrefix(arg, "--env="))
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--env-file="):
+			opts.EnvFile = strings.TrimPrefix(arg, "--env-file=")
+		case arg == "--header" || arg == "-H":
+			if i+1 >= len(args) {
+				return addOptions{}, "", "", nil, false, fmt.Errorf("missing value for %s", arg)
+			}
+			i++
+			opts.Headers = append(opts.Headers, args[i])
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--header="):
+			opts.Headers = append(opts.Headers, strings.TrimPrefix(arg, "--header="))
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "-") && len(positional) >= 2:
+			serverArgs = append(serverArgs, args[i:]...)
+			i = len(args)
+		default:
+			positional = append(positional, arg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(explicitCommand) > 0 {
+		if len(positional) != 1 {
+			return addOptions{}, "", "", nil, false, fmt.Errorf(
+				"usage: picoclaw mcp add [flags] <name> <command-or-url> [args...] or picoclaw mcp add [flags] <name> -- <command> [args...]",
+			)
+		}
+		if len(explicitCommand) == 0 {
+			return addOptions{}, "", "", nil, false, fmt.Errorf("missing stdio command after --")
+		}
+		return opts, positional[0], explicitCommand[0], explicitCommand[1:], false, nil
+	}
+
+	if len(positional) < 2 {
+		return addOptions{}, "", "", nil, false, fmt.Errorf(
+			"usage: picoclaw mcp add [flags] <name> <command-or-url> [args...] or picoclaw mcp add [flags] <name> -- <command> [args...]",
+		)
+	}
+
+	targetArgs := make([]string, 0, len(positional)-2+len(serverArgs))
+	targetArgs = append(targetArgs, positional[2:]...)
+	targetArgs = append(targetArgs, serverArgs...)
+
+	return opts, positional[0], positional[1], targetArgs, false, nil
+}
+
+func buildServerConfig(target string, args []string, opts addOptions) (config.MCPServerConfig, error) {
+	transport := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(opts.Transport))
+	if transport == "" {
+		transport = "stdio"
+	}
+	switch transport {
+	case "stdio", "http", "sse":
+	default:
+		return config.MCPServerConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("unsupported transport %q", opts.Transport)
+	}
+
+	env, err := parseEnvAssignments(opts.Env)
+	if err != nil {
+		return config.MCPServerConfig{}, err
+	}
+	headers, err := parseHeaderAssignments(opts.Headers)
+	if err != nil {
+		return config.MCPServerConfig{}, err
+	}
+
+	server := config.MCPServerConfig{
+		Enabled:  true,
+		Type:     transport,
+		Deferred: opts.Deferred,
+	}
+
+	switch transport {
+	case "http", "sse":
+		if len(env) > 0 {
+			return config.MCPServerConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("--env can only be used with stdio transport")
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(opts.EnvFile) != "" {
+			return config.MCPServerConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("--env-file can only be used with stdio transport")
+		}
+		if len(args) > 0 {
+			return config.MCPServerConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("%s transport does not accept command arguments", transport)
+		}
+		parsedURL, err := url.ParseRequestURI(target)
+		if err != nil || parsedURL.Scheme == "" || parsedURL.Host == "" {
+			return config.MCPServerConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid MCP URL %q", target)
+		}
+		server.URL = target
+		server.Headers = headers
+		return server, nil
+	}
+
+	if len(headers) > 0 {
+		return config.MCPServerConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("--header can only be used with http or sse transport")
+	}
+
+	if looksLikeRemoteURL(target) {
+		return config.MCPServerConfig{}, fmt.Errorf(
+			"target %q looks like a remote MCP URL, but transport is %q. Use --transport http or --transport sse",
+			target,
+			transport,
+		)
+	}
+
+	command := target
+	commandArgs := append([]string(nil), args...)
+
+	if err := validateLocalCommandPath(target); err != nil {
+		return config.MCPServerConfig{}, err
+	}
+	if isLocalCommandPath(command) {
+		command = expandHomePath(command)
+	}
+
+	server.Command = command
+	server.Args = commandArgs
+	server.Env = env
+	server.EnvFile = strings.TrimSpace(opts.EnvFile)
+
+	return server, nil
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/command.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package mcp
+
+import "github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+func NewMCPCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "mcp",
+		Short: "Manage MCP server configuration",
+		Args:  cobra.NoArgs,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+			return cmd.Help()
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		newAddCommand(),
+		newRemoveCommand(),
+		newListCommand(),
+		newEditCommand(),
+		newTestCommand(),
+		newShowCommand(),
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/command_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,619 @@
+package mcp
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+func TestNewMCPCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+
+	require.NotNil(t, cmd)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "mcp", cmd.Use)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Manage MCP server configuration", cmd.Short)
+	assert.True(t, cmd.HasSubCommands())
+
+	allowedCommands := []string{
+		"add",
+		"remove",
+		"list",
+		"edit",
+		"test",
+		"show",
+	}
+
+	subcommands := cmd.Commands()
+	assert.Len(t, subcommands, len(allowedCommands))
+
+	for _, subcmd := range subcommands {
+		found := slices.Contains(allowedCommands, subcmd.Name())
+		assert.True(t, found, "unexpected subcommand %q", subcmd.Name())
+		assert.False(t, subcmd.Hidden)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddAddsGenericStdioServer(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	output, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{
+		"add",
+		"sqlite",
+		"npx",
+		"-y",
+		"@modelcontextprotocol/server-sqlite",
+		"--db",
+		"./mydb.db",
+	}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, output, `MCP server "sqlite" saved`)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	require.True(t, cfg.Tools.MCP.Enabled)
+
+	server, ok := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["sqlite"]
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	assert.True(t, server.Enabled)
+	assert.Equal(t, "stdio", server.Type)
+	assert.Equal(t, "npx", server.Command)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-sqlite", "--db", "./mydb.db"}, server.Args)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddSupportsHeadersAfterURL(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{
+		"add",
+		"apify",
+		"https://mcp.apify.com/",
+		"-t",
+		"http",
+		"--header",
+		"Authorization: Bearer OMITTED",
+	}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["apify"]
+	assert.Equal(t, "http", server.Type)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://mcp.apify.com/", server.URL)
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]string{"Authorization": "Bearer OMITTED"}, server.Headers)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddSupportsTransportBeforeName(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{
+		"add",
+		"--transport",
+		"sse",
+		"fiscal-ai",
+		"https://api.fiscal.ai/mcp/sse",
+	}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["fiscal-ai"]
+	assert.Equal(t, "sse", server.Type)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://api.fiscal.ai/mcp/sse", server.URL)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddSupportsExplicitStdioCommandAfterSeparator(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{
+		"add",
+		"--transport",
+		"stdio",
+		"--env",
+		"AIRTABLE_API_KEY=YOUR_KEY",
+		"airtable",
+		"--",
+		"npx",
+		"-y",
+		"airtable-mcp-server",
+	}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["airtable"]
+	assert.Equal(t, "stdio", server.Type)
+	assert.Equal(t, "npx", server.Command)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"-y", "airtable-mcp-server"}, server.Args)
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]string{"AIRTABLE_API_KEY": "YOUR_KEY"}, server.Env)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddSupportsEnvFileForStdio(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{
+		"add",
+		"--env-file",
+		".env.mcp",
+		"filesystem",
+		"npx",
+		"-y",
+		"@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem",
+	}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["filesystem"]
+	assert.Equal(t, "stdio", server.Type)
+	assert.Equal(t, "npx", server.Command)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem"}, server.Args)
+	assert.Equal(t, ".env.mcp", server.EnvFile)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddRejectsEnvFileForHTTP(t *testing.T) {
+	setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{
+		"add",
+		"--transport",
+		"http",
+		"--env-file",
+		".env.mcp",
+		"context7",
+		"https://mcp.context7.com/mcp",
+	}, "")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "--env-file can only be used with stdio transport")
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddRejectsNonExecutableLocalCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	localCmd := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "server.sh")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(localCmd, []byte("#!/bin/sh\nexit 0\n"), 0o644))
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"add", "local", localCmd}, "")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "not executable")
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddExpandsHomeInSavedLocalCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	homeDir := t.TempDir()
+	t.Setenv("HOME", homeDir)
+	t.Setenv("USERPROFILE", homeDir)
+
+	localCmd := filepath.Join(homeDir, "bin", "my-mcp")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(localCmd), 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(localCmd, []byte("#!/bin/sh\nexit 0\n"), 0o755))
+
+	tildeCmd := "~" + string(os.PathSeparator) + filepath.Join("bin", "my-mcp")
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"add", "local-home", tildeCmd}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["local-home"]
+	assert.Equal(t, localCmd, server.Command)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddShowsClearErrorForRemoteURLWithoutTransport(t *testing.T) {
+	setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"add", "apify", "https://mcp.apify.com/"}, "")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), `looks like a remote MCP URL`)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), `Use --transport http or --transport sse`)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddOverwritePromptDecline(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, &config.Config{
+		Tools: config.ToolsConfig{
+			MCP: config.MCPConfig{
+				ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+				Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+					"filesystem": {
+						Enabled: true,
+						Type:    "stdio",
+						Command: "old",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	output, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"add", "filesystem", "new-command"}, "n\n")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, output, `Overwrite? [y/N]:`)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "aborted")
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	assert.Equal(t, "old", cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["filesystem"].Command)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddOverwriteWithConfirmation(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, &config.Config{
+		Tools: config.ToolsConfig{
+			MCP: config.MCPConfig{
+				ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+				Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+					"filesystem": {
+						Enabled: true,
+						Type:    "stdio",
+						Command: "old",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"add", "filesystem", "new-command"}, "y\n")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	assert.Equal(t, "new-command", cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["filesystem"].Command)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddHTTPServer(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{
+		"add",
+		"context7",
+		"--transport",
+		"http",
+		"https://mcp.context7.com/mcp",
+	}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["context7"]
+	assert.Equal(t, "http", server.Type)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://mcp.context7.com/mcp", server.URL)
+	assert.Empty(t, server.Command)
+}
+
+func TestMCPRemoveRemovesLastServerAndDisablesMCP(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, &config.Config{
+		Tools: config.ToolsConfig{
+			MCP: config.MCPConfig{
+				ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+				Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+					"filesystem": {
+						Enabled: true,
+						Type:    "stdio",
+						Command: "npx",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	output, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"remove", "filesystem"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, output, `MCP server "filesystem" removed`)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	assert.False(t, cfg.Tools.MCP.Enabled)
+	assert.Empty(t, cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers)
+}
+
+func TestMCPListPrintsTable(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, &config.Config{
+		Tools: config.ToolsConfig{
+			MCP: config.MCPConfig{
+				ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+				Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+					"context7": {
+						Enabled: true,
+						Type:    "http",
+						URL:     "https://mcp.context7.com/mcp",
+					},
+					"filesystem": {
+						Enabled: false,
+						Type:    "stdio",
+						Command: "npx",
+						Args:    []string{"-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem", "/tmp"},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	output, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"list"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "| Name")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "context7")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "filesystem")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "https://mcp.context7.com/mcp")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "disabled")
+}
+
+func TestMCPListWithStatusUsesProbe(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, &config.Config{
+		Tools: config.ToolsConfig{
+			MCP: config.MCPConfig{
+				ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+				Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+					"filesystem": {
+						Enabled: true,
+						Type:    "stdio",
+						Command: "npx",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	originalProbe := serverProbe
+	defer func() { serverProbe = originalProbe }()
+	serverProbe = func(_ context.Context, name string, server config.MCPServerConfig, workspacePath string) (probeResult, error) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "filesystem", name)
+		assert.Equal(t, readMCPConfig(t, configPath).WorkspacePath(), workspacePath)
+		assert.Equal(t, "npx", server.Command)
+		return probeResult{ToolCount: 3}, nil
+	}
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	output, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"list", "--status"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "ok (3 tools)")
+}
+
+func TestMCPEditUsesEditor(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	originalEditor := editorCommand
+	defer func() { editorCommand = originalEditor }()
+
+	var gotName string
+	var gotArgs []string
+	editorCommand = func(name string, args ...string) *exec.Cmd {
+		gotName = name
+		gotArgs = append([]string(nil), args...)
+		return exec.Command("sh", "-c", "exit 0")
+	}
+
+	t.Setenv("EDITOR", `dummy-editor --wait`)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"edit"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "dummy-editor", gotName)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"--wait", configPath}, gotArgs)
+	_, statErr := os.Stat(configPath)
+	assert.NoError(t, statErr)
+}
+
+func TestMCPEditRequiresEditor(t *testing.T) {
+	setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	t.Setenv("EDITOR", "")
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"edit"}, "")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "$EDITOR is not set")
+}
+
+func TestMCPTestUsesProbe(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, &config.Config{
+		Tools: config.ToolsConfig{
+			MCP: config.MCPConfig{
+				ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+				Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+					"filesystem": {
+						Enabled: false,
+						Type:    "stdio",
+						Command: "npx",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	originalProbe := serverProbe
+	defer func() { serverProbe = originalProbe }()
+	serverProbe = func(_ context.Context, name string, _ config.MCPServerConfig, workspacePath string) (probeResult, error) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "filesystem", name)
+		assert.Equal(t, readMCPConfig(t, configPath).WorkspacePath(), workspacePath)
+		return probeResult{ToolCount: 2}, nil
+	}
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	output, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"test", "filesystem"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, output, `MCP server "filesystem" reachable (2 tools)`)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddDeferredFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"add", "--deferred", "myserver", "npx", "my-mcp"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["myserver"]
+	require.NotNil(t, server.Deferred)
+	assert.True(t, *server.Deferred)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddNoDeferredFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"add", "--no-deferred", "myserver", "npx", "my-mcp"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["myserver"]
+	require.NotNil(t, server.Deferred)
+	assert.False(t, *server.Deferred)
+}
+
+func TestMCPAddNoDeferredByDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"add", "myserver", "npx", "my-mcp"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg := readMCPConfig(t, configPath)
+	server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers["myserver"]
+	assert.Nil(t, server.Deferred)
+}
+
+func TestMCPShowNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, nil)
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	_, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"show", "missing"}, "")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), `"missing" not found`)
+}
+
+func TestMCPShowDisabledServer(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, &config.Config{
+		Tools: config.ToolsConfig{
+			MCP: config.MCPConfig{
+				ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+				Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+					"myserver": {
+						Enabled: false,
+						Type:    "stdio",
+						Command: "npx",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	output, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"show", "myserver"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "myserver")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "disabled")
+}
+
+func TestMCPShowUsesProbe(t *testing.T) {
+	configPath := setupMCPConfigEnv(t)
+	writeMCPConfig(t, configPath, &config.Config{
+		Tools: config.ToolsConfig{
+			MCP: config.MCPConfig{
+				ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+				Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+					"myserver": {
+						Enabled: true,
+						Type:    "stdio",
+						Command: "npx",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	original := serverShowProbe
+	defer func() { serverShowProbe = original }()
+	serverShowProbe = func(_ context.Context, name string, _ config.MCPServerConfig, _ string) ([]toolDetail, error) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "myserver", name)
+		return []toolDetail{
+			{
+				Name:        "read_file",
+				Description: "Read a file from the filesystem",
+				Parameters: []paramDetail{
+					{Name: "path", Type: "string", Description: "File path", Required: true},
+					{Name: "encoding", Type: "string", Description: "Character encoding", Required: false},
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				Name:        "list_dir",
+				Description: "List directory contents",
+				Parameters:  nil,
+			},
+		}, nil
+	}
+
+	cmd := NewMCPCommand()
+	output, err := executeCommand(cmd, []string{"show", "myserver"}, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "myserver")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "read_file")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "Read a file from the filesystem")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "path")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "string")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "required")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "list_dir")
+	assert.Contains(t, output, "none")
+}
+
+func setupMCPConfigEnv(t *testing.T) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	configPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json")
+	t.Setenv(config.EnvConfig, configPath)
+	t.Setenv(config.EnvHome, filepath.Dir(configPath))
+	return configPath
+}
+
+func writeMCPConfig(t *testing.T, path string, cfg *config.Config) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	if cfg == nil {
+		cfg = config.DefaultConfig()
+	}
+
+	require.NoError(t, config.SaveConfig(path, cfg))
+}
+
+func readMCPConfig(t *testing.T, path string) *config.Config {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(path)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	return cfg
+}
+
+func executeCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, stdin string) (string, error) {
+	var stdout bytes.Buffer
+	var stderr bytes.Buffer
+
+	cmd.SetArgs(args)
+	cmd.SetOut(&stdout)
+	cmd.SetErr(&stderr)
+	cmd.SetIn(strings.NewReader(stdin))
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	return stdout.String() + stderr.String(), err
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/edit.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package mcp
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"go.mau.fi/util/shlex"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
+)
+
+func newEditCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	return &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "edit",
+		Short: "Open the PicoClaw config in $EDITOR",
+		Args:  cobra.NoArgs,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+			editor := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("EDITOR"))
+			if editor == "" {
+				return fmt.Errorf("$EDITOR is not set")
+			}
+
+			cfg, err := loadConfig()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if err = saveValidatedConfig(cfg); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			editorArgs, err := shlex.Split(editor)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse $EDITOR: %w", err)
+			}
+			if len(editorArgs) == 0 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("$EDITOR is empty")
+			}
+
+			editorArgs = append(editorArgs, internal.GetConfigPath())
+			process := editorCommand(editorArgs[0], editorArgs[1:]...)
+			process.Stdin = cmd.InOrStdin()
+			process.Stdout = cmd.OutOrStdout()
+			process.Stderr = cmd.ErrOrStderr()
+
+			if err := process.Run(); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to start editor: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/helpers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+package mcp
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/google/jsonschema-go/jsonschema"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+	picomcp "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/mcp"
+)
+
+type probeResult struct {
+	ToolCount int
+}
+
+var (
+	editorCommand = exec.Command
+	serverProbe   = defaultServerProbe
+
+	mcpConfigSchemaOnce sync.Once
+	mcpConfigSchema     *jsonschema.Resolved
+	errMcpConfigSchema  error
+)
+
+const mcpConfigSchemaJSON = `{
+  "type": "object",
+  "properties": {
+    "tools": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "mcp": {
+          "type": "object",
+          "properties": {
+            "enabled": { "type": "boolean" },
+            "discovery": { "type": "object", "additionalProperties": true },
+            "max_inline_text_chars": { "type": "integer" },
+            "servers": {
+              "type": "object",
+              "additionalProperties": {
+                "type": "object",
+                "properties": {
+                  "enabled": { "type": "boolean" },
+                  "deferred": { "type": "boolean" },
+                  "command": { "type": "string" },
+                  "args": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": { "type": "string" }
+                  },
+                  "env": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "additionalProperties": { "type": "string" }
+                  },
+                  "env_file": { "type": "string" },
+                  "type": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "enum": ["stdio", "http", "sse"]
+                  },
+                  "url": { "type": "string" },
+                  "headers": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "additionalProperties": { "type": "string" }
+                  }
+                },
+                "required": ["enabled"],
+                "anyOf": [
+                  { "required": ["command"] },
+                  { "required": ["url"] }
+                ],
+                "additionalProperties": false
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "required": ["enabled"],
+          "additionalProperties": true
+        }
+      },
+      "required": ["mcp"],
+      "additionalProperties": true
+    }
+  },
+  "required": ["tools"],
+  "additionalProperties": true
+}`
+
+func loadConfig() (*config.Config, error) {
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(internal.GetConfigPath())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load config: %w", err)
+	}
+	return cfg, nil
+}
+
+func saveValidatedConfig(cfg *config.Config) error {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("config is nil")
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to serialize config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := validateConfigDocument(data); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := config.SaveConfig(internal.GetConfigPath(), cfg); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateConfigDocument(data []byte) error {
+	var instance map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &instance); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to decode serialized config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	schema, err := loadMCPConfigSchema()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load MCP config schema: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := schema.Validate(instance); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("config validation failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func loadMCPConfigSchema() (*jsonschema.Resolved, error) {
+	mcpConfigSchemaOnce.Do(func() {
+		var schema jsonschema.Schema
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(mcpConfigSchemaJSON), &schema); err != nil {
+			errMcpConfigSchema = err
+			return
+		}
+		mcpConfigSchema, errMcpConfigSchema = schema.Resolve(nil)
+	})
+
+	return mcpConfigSchema, errMcpConfigSchema
+}
+
+func inferTransportType(server config.MCPServerConfig) string {
+	switch server.Type {
+	case "stdio", "http", "sse":
+		return server.Type
+	}
+	if server.URL != "" {
+		return "sse"
+	}
+	if server.Command != "" {
+		return "stdio"
+	}
+	return "unknown"
+}
+
+func renderServerTarget(server config.MCPServerConfig) string {
+	transport := inferTransportType(server)
+	if transport == "http" || transport == "sse" {
+		if server.URL == "" {
+			return "<missing url>"
+		}
+		return server.URL
+	}
+
+	parts := append([]string{server.Command}, server.Args...)
+	rendered := strings.TrimSpace(strings.Join(parts, " "))
+	if rendered == "" {
+		return "<missing command>"
+	}
+	return rendered
+}
+
+func sortedServerNames(servers map[string]config.MCPServerConfig) []string {
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(servers))
+	for name := range servers {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	return names
+}
+
+func parseEnvAssignments(values []string) (map[string]string, error) {
+	if len(values) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	env := make(map[string]string, len(values))
+	for _, entry := range values {
+		key, value, found := strings.Cut(entry, "=")
+		if !found {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid env assignment %q: expected KEY=value", entry)
+		}
+		key = strings.TrimSpace(key)
+		if key == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid env assignment %q: key cannot be empty", entry)
+		}
+		env[key] = value
+	}
+
+	return env, nil
+}
+
+func parseHeaderAssignments(values []string) (map[string]string, error) {
+	if len(values) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	headers := make(map[string]string, len(values))
+	for _, entry := range values {
+		key, value, found := strings.Cut(entry, ":")
+		if !found {
+			key, value, found = strings.Cut(entry, "=")
+		}
+		if !found {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid header %q: expected 'Name: Value' or 'Name=Value'", entry)
+		}
+		key = strings.TrimSpace(key)
+		value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+		if key == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid header %q: name cannot be empty", entry)
+		}
+		headers[key] = value
+	}
+
+	return headers, nil
+}
+
+func looksLikeRemoteURL(target string) bool {
+	parsedURL, err := url.ParseRequestURI(target)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if parsedURL.Host == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	switch strings.ToLower(parsedURL.Scheme) {
+	case "http", "https":
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func isLocalCommandPath(command string) bool {
+	if command == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	if looksLikeRemoteURL(command) {
+		return false
+	}
+	return filepath.IsAbs(command) ||
+		filepath.VolumeName(command) != "" ||
+		strings.HasPrefix(command, "."+string(os.PathSeparator)) ||
+		strings.HasPrefix(command, ".."+string(os.PathSeparator)) ||
+		command == "." ||
+		command == ".." ||
+		strings.ContainsRune(command, os.PathSeparator)
+}
+
+func expandHomePath(path string) string {
+	if path == "" || path[0] != '~' {
+		return path
+	}
+	home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return path
+	}
+	if path == "~" {
+		return home
+	}
+	if strings.HasPrefix(path, "~/") || strings.HasPrefix(path, "~\\") {
+		return filepath.Join(home, path[2:])
+	}
+	return path
+}
+
+func validateLocalCommandPath(command string) error {
+	if !isLocalCommandPath(command) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	path := expandHomePath(command)
+	info, err := os.Stat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("local command %q does not exist", command)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to stat local command %q: %w", command, err)
+	}
+	if info.IsDir() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("local command %q is a directory", command)
+	}
+	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" && info.Mode()&0o111 == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("local command %q is not executable", command)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func defaultServerProbe(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	name string,
+	server config.MCPServerConfig,
+	workspacePath string,
+) (probeResult, error) {
+	mgr := picomcp.NewManager()
+	defer func() { _ = mgr.Close() }()
+
+	server.Enabled = true
+	mcpCfg := config.MCPConfig{
+		ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+		Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+			name: server,
+		},
+	}
+
+	if err := mgr.LoadFromMCPConfig(ctx, mcpCfg, workspacePath); err != nil {
+		return probeResult{}, err
+	}
+
+	conn, ok := mgr.GetServer(name)
+	if !ok {
+		return probeResult{}, fmt.Errorf("server %q did not register a connection", name)
+	}
+
+	return probeResult{ToolCount: len(conn.Tools)}, nil
+}
+
+func confirmOverwrite(r io.Reader, w io.Writer, name string) (bool, error) {
+	if _, err := fmt.Fprintf(w, "MCP server %q already exists. Overwrite? [y/N]: ", name); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	var answer string
+	if _, err := fmt.Fscanln(r, &answer); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+			return false, nil
+		}
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	answer = strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(answer))
+	return answer == "y" || answer == "yes", nil
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/list.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package mcp
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui"
+)
+
+func newListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var (
+		includeStatus bool
+		timeout       time.Duration
+	)
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "list",
+		Short: "List configured MCP servers",
+		Args:  cobra.NoArgs,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+			cfg, err := loadConfig()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			if len(cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers) == 0 {
+				fmt.Fprintln(cmd.OutOrStdout(), "No MCP servers configured.")
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			rows := make([]cliui.MCPListRow, 0, len(cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers))
+			for _, name := range sortedServerNames(cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers) {
+				server := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers[name]
+				status := "disabled"
+				if server.Enabled {
+					status = "enabled"
+				}
+
+				if includeStatus && server.Enabled {
+					ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), timeout)
+					result, probeErr := serverProbe(ctx, name, server, cfg.WorkspacePath())
+					cancel()
+					if probeErr != nil {
+						status = "error"
+					} else {
+						status = fmt.Sprintf("ok (%d tools)", result.ToolCount)
+					}
+				}
+
+				effectiveDeferred := cfg.Tools.MCP.Discovery.Enabled
+				deferredExplicit := server.Deferred != nil
+				if deferredExplicit {
+					effectiveDeferred = *server.Deferred
+				}
+
+				rows = append(rows, cliui.MCPListRow{
+					Name:              name,
+					Type:              inferTransportType(server),
+					Target:            renderServerTarget(server),
+					Status:            status,
+					EffectiveDeferred: effectiveDeferred,
+					DeferredExplicit:  deferredExplicit,
+				})
+			}
+
+			cliui.PrintMCPList(cmd.OutOrStdout(), rows)
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&includeStatus, "status", false, "Ping enabled servers and show live status")
+	cmd.Flags().DurationVar(&timeout, "timeout", 5*time.Second, "Timeout for each live status check")
+
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/remove.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package mcp
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func newRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	return &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "remove <name>",
+		Short: "Remove an MCP server from config",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			cfg, err := loadConfig()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			name := args[0]
+			if _, exists := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers[name]; !exists {
+				return fmt.Errorf("MCP server %q not found", name)
+			}
+
+			delete(cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers, name)
+			if len(cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers) == 0 {
+				cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers = nil
+				cfg.Tools.MCP.Enabled = false
+			}
+
+			if err := saveValidatedConfig(cfg); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			fmt.Fprintf(cmd.OutOrStdout(), "✓ MCP server %q removed.\n", name)
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/show.go

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+package mcp
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+	picomcp "github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/mcp"
+)
+
+type toolDetail struct {
+	Name        string
+	Description string
+	Parameters  []paramDetail
+}
+
+type paramDetail struct {
+	Name        string
+	Type        string
+	Description string
+	Required    bool
+}
+
+var serverShowProbe = defaultServerShowProbe
+
+func defaultServerShowProbe(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	name string,
+	server config.MCPServerConfig,
+	workspacePath string,
+) ([]toolDetail, error) {
+	mgr := picomcp.NewManager()
+	defer func() { _ = mgr.Close() }()
+
+	server.Enabled = true
+	mcpCfg := config.MCPConfig{
+		ToolConfig: config.ToolConfig{Enabled: true},
+		Servers: map[string]config.MCPServerConfig{
+			name: server,
+		},
+	}
+
+	if err := mgr.LoadFromMCPConfig(ctx, mcpCfg, workspacePath); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	conn, ok := mgr.GetServer(name)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("server %q did not register a connection", name)
+	}
+
+	details := make([]toolDetail, 0, len(conn.Tools))
+	for _, tool := range conn.Tools {
+		details = append(details, toolDetail{
+			Name:        tool.Name,
+			Description: tool.Description,
+			Parameters:  extractParameters(tool.InputSchema),
+		})
+	}
+	return details, nil
+}
+
+func extractParameters(schema any) []paramDetail {
+	schemaMap := normalizeSchema(schema)
+	properties, ok := schemaMap["properties"].(map[string]any)
+	if !ok || len(properties) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	required := make(map[string]struct{})
+	switch raw := schemaMap["required"].(type) {
+	case []string:
+		for _, name := range raw {
+			required[name] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	case []any:
+		for _, value := range raw {
+			if name, ok := value.(string); ok {
+				required[name] = struct{}{}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(properties))
+	for name := range properties {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(names)
+
+	params := make([]paramDetail, 0, len(names))
+	for _, name := range names {
+		param := paramDetail{Name: name}
+		if propMap, ok := properties[name].(map[string]any); ok {
+			if typeName, ok := propMap["type"].(string); ok {
+				param.Type = strings.TrimSpace(typeName)
+			}
+			if desc, ok := propMap["description"].(string); ok {
+				param.Description = strings.TrimSpace(desc)
+			}
+		}
+		_, param.Required = required[name]
+		params = append(params, param)
+	}
+	return params
+}
+
+func normalizeSchema(schema any) map[string]any {
+	if schema == nil {
+		return map[string]any{}
+	}
+	if schemaMap, ok := schema.(map[string]any); ok {
+		return schemaMap
+	}
+
+	var jsonData []byte
+	switch raw := schema.(type) {
+	case json.RawMessage:
+		jsonData = raw
+	case []byte:
+		jsonData = raw
+	default:
+		var err error
+		jsonData, err = json.Marshal(schema)
+		if err != nil {
+			return map[string]any{}
+		}
+	}
+
+	var result map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(jsonData, &result); err != nil {
+		return map[string]any{}
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func newShowCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var timeout time.Duration
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "show <name>",
+		Short: "Show details and tools for a configured MCP server",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			cfg, err := loadConfig()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			name := args[0]
+			server, exists := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers[name]
+			if !exists {
+				return fmt.Errorf("MCP server %q not found", name)
+			}
+
+			serverInfo := buildServerInfo(name, server, cfg.Tools.MCP.Discovery.Enabled)
+
+			if !server.Enabled {
+				cliui.PrintMCPShow(cmd.OutOrStdout(), serverInfo, nil, true)
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), timeout)
+			defer cancel()
+
+			details, err := serverShowProbe(ctx, name, server, cfg.WorkspacePath())
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to MCP server %q: %w", name, err)
+			}
+
+			tools := make([]cliui.MCPShowTool, 0, len(details))
+			for _, d := range details {
+				params := make([]cliui.MCPShowParam, 0, len(d.Parameters))
+				for _, p := range d.Parameters {
+					params = append(params, cliui.MCPShowParam{
+						Name:        p.Name,
+						Type:        p.Type,
+						Description: p.Description,
+						Required:    p.Required,
+					})
+				}
+				tools = append(tools, cliui.MCPShowTool{
+					Name:        d.Name,
+					Description: d.Description,
+					Parameters:  params,
+				})
+			}
+
+			cliui.PrintMCPShow(cmd.OutOrStdout(), serverInfo, tools, false)
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().DurationVar(&timeout, "timeout", 10*time.Second, "Connection timeout")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func buildServerInfo(name string, server config.MCPServerConfig, discoveryEnabled bool) cliui.MCPShowServer {
+	effectiveDeferred := discoveryEnabled
+	deferredExplicit := server.Deferred != nil
+	if deferredExplicit {
+		effectiveDeferred = *server.Deferred
+	}
+	info := cliui.MCPShowServer{
+		Name:              name,
+		Type:              inferTransportType(server),
+		Target:            renderServerTarget(server),
+		Enabled:           server.Enabled,
+		EffectiveDeferred: effectiveDeferred,
+		DeferredExplicit:  deferredExplicit,
+		EnvFile:           server.EnvFile,
+	}
+	if len(server.Env) > 0 {
+		keys := make([]string, 0, len(server.Env))
+		for k := range server.Env {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		sort.Strings(keys)
+		info.EnvKeys = keys
+	}
+	if len(server.Headers) > 0 {
+		keys := make([]string, 0, len(server.Headers))
+		for k := range server.Headers {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		sort.Strings(keys)
+		info.Headers = keys
+	}
+	return info
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/mcp/test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package mcp
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func newTestCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var timeout time.Duration
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "test <name>",
+		Short: "Test connectivity for a configured MCP server",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			cfg, err := loadConfig()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			name := args[0]
+			server, exists := cfg.Tools.MCP.Servers[name]
+			if !exists {
+				return fmt.Errorf("MCP server %q not found", name)
+			}
+
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), timeout)
+			defer cancel()
+
+			result, err := serverProbe(ctx, name, server, cfg.WorkspacePath())
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to reach MCP server %q: %w", name, err)
+			}
+
+			fmt.Fprintf(cmd.OutOrStdout(), "✓ MCP server %q reachable (%d tools).\n", name, result.ToolCount)
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().DurationVar(&timeout, "timeout", 5*time.Second, "Connection timeout")
+
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/model/add.go

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+const defaultAliasName = "custom-prefer"
+
+func newAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var (
+		apiBase   string
+		apiKey    string
+		modelID   string
+		alias     string
+		modelType string
+	)
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "add",
+		Short: "Add a model from an OpenAI-compatible endpoint",
+		Long: `Add a model entry by querying an OpenAI-compatible endpoint exposing
+GET <api-base>/models, then setting it as the default model.
+
+If --model is omitted, the available models are listed and you can pick one
+interactively. If --model is provided, the entry is written without contacting
+the server.
+
+Sample interactive session (key shown masked):
+
+    $ picoclaw model add \
+        -b https://ark.cn-beijing.volces.com/api/v3 \
+        -k 7dff****-****-****-****-********e829
+
+    115 model(s) available:
+        1) doubao-lite-128k-240428    (doubao-lite-128k)
+        2) doubao-pro-128k-240515     (doubao-pro-128k)
+        ...
+       48) deepseek-r1-250120          (deepseek-r1)
+       78) kimi-k2-250711              (kimi-k2)
+        ...
+      115) doubao-seed3d-2-0-260328    (doubao-seed3d-2-0)
+    Pick a model (number or id): 48
+    ✓ Saved model 'custom-prefer' (deepseek-r1-250120) and set as default.`,
+		Example: `  picoclaw model add --api-base https://api.openai.com/v1 --api-key sk-...
+  picoclaw model add -b http://localhost:8000/v1 -k dummy -m my-model -n local`,
+		Args: cobra.NoArgs,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+			return runAdd(addOptions{
+				apiBase:   strings.TrimSpace(apiBase),
+				apiKey:    strings.TrimSpace(apiKey),
+				modelID:   strings.TrimSpace(modelID),
+				alias:     strings.TrimSpace(alias),
+				modelType: strings.TrimSpace(modelType),
+				stdin:     cmd.InOrStdin(),
+				stdout:    cmd.OutOrStdout(),
+			})
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&apiBase, "api-base", "b", "",
+		"API base URL (required), e.g. https://api.openai.com/v1")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&apiKey, "api-key", "k", "", "API key (required)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&modelID, "model", "m", "",
+		"Model id; when set, skips the interactive picker and the network call")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&alias, "name", "n", defaultAliasName,
+		"Local alias written to model_list and used as the default model name")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&modelType, "type", "openai-compatible",
+		"Endpoint type (only 'openai-compatible' is supported today)")
+	_ = cmd.MarkFlagRequired("api-base")
+	_ = cmd.MarkFlagRequired("api-key")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+type addOptions struct {
+	apiBase   string
+	apiKey    string
+	modelID   string
+	alias     string
+	modelType string
+	stdin     io.Reader
+	stdout    io.Writer
+}
+
+func runAdd(opt addOptions) error {
+	if opt.modelType != "" && opt.modelType != "openai-compatible" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported --type %q (only 'openai-compatible' is supported)", opt.modelType)
+	}
+	if opt.alias == "" {
+		opt.alias = defaultAliasName
+	}
+
+	selected := opt.modelID
+	if selected == "" {
+		entries, err := fetchOpenAIModels(opt.apiBase, opt.apiKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("fetch models: %w", err)
+		}
+		if len(entries) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("no models returned by %s", opt.apiBase)
+		}
+		selected, err = pickModel(opt.stdin, opt.stdout, entries)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return upsertModelDefault(opt.apiBase, opt.apiKey, opt.alias, selected, opt.stdout)
+}
+
+func pickModel(stdin io.Reader, stdout io.Writer, entries []modelEntry) (string, error) {
+	fmt.Fprintf(stdout, "\n%d model(s) available:\n", len(entries))
+	for i, m := range entries {
+		line := m.ID
+		if m.Name != "" && m.Name != m.ID {
+			line = fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s)", m.ID, m.Name)
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(stdout, "  %3d) %s\n", i+1, line)
+	}
+
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stdin)
+	for {
+		fmt.Fprint(stdout, "Pick a model (number or id): ")
+		if !scanner.Scan() {
+			if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+				return "", fmt.Errorf("read input: %w", err)
+			}
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("no selection provided")
+		}
+		text := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
+		if text == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if idx, err := strconv.Atoi(text); err == nil {
+			if idx < 1 || idx > len(entries) {
+				fmt.Fprintf(stdout, "Out of range. Enter 1-%d.\n", len(entries))
+				continue
+			}
+			return entries[idx-1].ID, nil
+		}
+		for _, m := range entries {
+			if m.ID == text {
+				return m.ID, nil
+			}
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintln(stdout, "Not a valid number or model id; try again.")
+	}
+}
+
+func upsertModelDefault(apiBase, apiKey, alias, modelID string, stdout io.Writer) error {
+	configPath := internal.GetConfigPath()
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	secureKeys := config.SimpleSecureStrings(apiKey)
+
+	found := false
+	for _, m := range cfg.ModelList {
+		if m == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if m.ModelName == alias {
+			m.Model = modelID
+			m.APIBase = apiBase
+			m.APIKeys = secureKeys
+			m.Enabled = true
+			found = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		cfg.ModelList = append(cfg.ModelList, &config.ModelConfig{
+			ModelName: alias,
+			Model:     modelID,
+			APIBase:   apiBase,
+			APIKeys:   secureKeys,
+			Enabled:   true,
+		})
+	}
+
+	cfg.Agents.Defaults.ModelName = alias
+
+	if err := config.SaveConfig(configPath, cfg); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintf(stdout, "✓ Saved model '%s' (%s) and set as default.\n", alias, modelID)
+	return nil
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/model/add_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+func TestFetchOpenAIModels_DataEnvelope(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "/models", r.URL.Path)
+		assert.Equal(t, "Bearer secret", r.Header.Get("Authorization"))
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"data":[{"id":"gpt-foo","name":"Foo"},{"id":"gpt-bar"}]}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	entries, err := fetchOpenAIModels(srv.URL, "secret")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, entries, 2)
+	assert.Equal(t, "gpt-foo", entries[0].ID)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Foo", entries[0].Name)
+	assert.Equal(t, "gpt-bar", entries[1].ID)
+}
+
+func TestFetchOpenAIModels_BareArray(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`[{"id":"a"},{"id":"b"}]`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	entries, err := fetchOpenAIModels(srv.URL, "secret")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, entries, 2)
+	assert.Equal(t, "a", entries[0].ID)
+	assert.Equal(t, "b", entries[1].ID)
+}
+
+func TestFetchOpenAIModels_TrimsTrailingSlash(t *testing.T) {
+	var gotPath string
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		gotPath = r.URL.Path
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"data":[{"id":"x"}]}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	_, err := fetchOpenAIModels(srv.URL+"/", "k")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/models", gotPath)
+}
+
+func TestFetchOpenAIModels_HTTPError(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		http.Error(w, "nope", http.StatusUnauthorized)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	_, err := fetchOpenAIModels(srv.URL, "bad")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "HTTP 401")
+}
+
+func TestFetchOpenAIModels_EmptyDataEnvelope(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"data":[]}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	entries, err := fetchOpenAIModels(srv.URL, "k")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Empty(t, entries)
+}
+
+func TestFetchOpenAIModels_EmptyBareArray(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`[]`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	entries, err := fetchOpenAIModels(srv.URL, "k")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Empty(t, entries)
+}
+
+func TestFetchOpenAIModels_UnrecognizedShape(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"models":"not-supported"}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	_, err := fetchOpenAIModels(srv.URL, "k")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "unrecognized shape")
+}
+
+func TestFetchOpenAIModels_RequiresInputs(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := fetchOpenAIModels("", "k")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "api base")
+
+	_, err = fetchOpenAIModels("https://example.com", "")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "api key")
+}
+
+func TestPickModel_ByIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	entries := []modelEntry{{ID: "a"}, {ID: "b"}, {ID: "c"}}
+	out := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	got, err := pickModel(strings.NewReader("2\n"), out, entries)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "b", got)
+	assert.Contains(t, out.String(), "3 model(s) available")
+}
+
+func TestPickModel_ByID(t *testing.T) {
+	entries := []modelEntry{{ID: "alpha"}, {ID: "beta"}}
+	out := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	got, err := pickModel(strings.NewReader("beta\n"), out, entries)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "beta", got)
+}
+
+func TestPickModel_RetriesOnInvalid(t *testing.T) {
+	entries := []modelEntry{{ID: "x"}}
+	out := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	got, err := pickModel(strings.NewReader("\n9\nnot-a-model\nx\n"), out, entries)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "x", got)
+	rendered := out.String()
+	assert.Contains(t, rendered, "Out of range")
+	assert.Contains(t, rendered, "Not a valid number")
+}
+
+func TestRunAdd_WithExplicitModel_NoNetwork(t *testing.T) {
+	initTest(t)
+
+	out := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	err := runAdd(addOptions{
+		apiBase:   "https://invalid.invalid/v1",
+		apiKey:    "k",
+		modelID:   "explicit-model",
+		alias:     "myalias",
+		modelType: "openai-compatible",
+		stdout:    out,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, out.String(), "Saved model 'myalias' (explicit-model)")
+
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(configPath)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "myalias", cfg.Agents.Defaults.GetModelName())
+	added := findModelByName(cfg, "myalias")
+	require.NotNil(t, added, "expected model 'myalias' in model_list")
+	assert.Equal(t, "explicit-model", added.Model)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://invalid.invalid/v1", added.APIBase)
+	assert.True(t, added.Enabled)
+	require.Len(t, added.APIKeys, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, "k", added.APIKeys[0].String())
+}
+
+func findModelByName(cfg *config.Config, name string) *config.ModelConfig {
+	for _, m := range cfg.ModelList {
+		if m != nil && m.ModelName == name {
+			return m
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestRunAdd_FetchAndPick(t *testing.T) {
+	initTest(t)
+
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "Bearer my-key", r.Header.Get("Authorization"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"data":[{"id":"m1"},{"id":"m2"}]}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	out := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	err := runAdd(addOptions{
+		apiBase:   srv.URL,
+		apiKey:    "my-key",
+		alias:     defaultAliasName,
+		modelType: "openai-compatible",
+		stdin:     strings.NewReader("2\n"),
+		stdout:    out,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(configPath)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, defaultAliasName, cfg.Agents.Defaults.GetModelName())
+	added := findModelByName(cfg, defaultAliasName)
+	require.NotNil(t, added)
+	assert.Equal(t, "m2", added.Model)
+}
+
+func TestRunAdd_UpsertsExistingAlias(t *testing.T) {
+	initTest(t)
+
+	first := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	require.NoError(t, runAdd(addOptions{
+		apiBase: "https://a.example/v1",
+		apiKey:  "k1",
+		modelID: "m1",
+		alias:   "shared",
+		stdout:  first,
+	}))
+
+	second := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	require.NoError(t, runAdd(addOptions{
+		apiBase: "https://b.example/v1",
+		apiKey:  "k2",
+		modelID: "m2",
+		alias:   "shared",
+		stdout:  second,
+	}))
+
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig(configPath)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	matches := 0
+	for _, m := range cfg.ModelList {
+		if m != nil && m.ModelName == "shared" {
+			matches++
+		}
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, matches, "alias should be updated, not duplicated")
+
+	updated := findModelByName(cfg, "shared")
+	require.NotNil(t, updated)
+	assert.Equal(t, "m2", updated.Model)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://b.example/v1", updated.APIBase)
+	assert.Equal(t, "k2", updated.APIKeys[0].String())
+}
+
+func TestRunAdd_RejectsUnsupportedType(t *testing.T) {
+	initTest(t)
+
+	err := runAdd(addOptions{
+		apiBase:   "https://x/v1",
+		apiKey:    "k",
+		modelID:   "m",
+		alias:     "a",
+		modelType: "anthropic",
+		stdout:    &bytes.Buffer{},
+	})
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "unsupported --type")
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/model/command.go

@@ -21,11 +21,17 @@ func NewModelCommand() *cobra.Command {
 If no argument is provided, shows the current default model.
 If a model name is provided, sets it as the default model.
 
+To onboard a model from a custom OpenAI-compatible endpoint (fetch the
+available list online and pick one), use the 'add' subcommand:
+
+  picoclaw model add --help
+
 Examples:
   picoclaw model                    # Show current default model
   picoclaw model gpt-5.2           # Set gpt-5.2 as default
   picoclaw model claude-sonnet-4.6 # Set claude-sonnet-4.6 as default
   picoclaw model local-model       # Set local VLLM server as default
+  picoclaw model add -b URL -k KEY # Add a model from a custom endpoint
 
 Note: 'local-model' is a special value for using a local VLLM server
 (running at localhost:8000 by default) which does not require an API key.`,
@@ -51,14 +57,13 @@ Note: 'local-model' is a special value for using a local VLLM server
 		},
 	}
 
+	cmd.AddCommand(newAddCommand())
+
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func showCurrentModel(cfg *config.Config) {
 	defaultModel := cfg.Agents.Defaults.ModelName
-	if defaultModel == "" {
-		defaultModel = cfg.Agents.Defaults.Model
-	}
 
 	if defaultModel == "" {
 		fmt.Println("No default model is currently set.")
@@ -69,6 +74,9 @@ func showCurrentModel(cfg *config.Config) {
 		fmt.Println("\nAvailable models in your config:")
 		listAvailableModels(cfg)
 	}
+
+	fmt.Println("\nTip: 'picoclaw model add -b URL -k KEY' adds a model from a custom")
+	fmt.Println("     OpenAI-compatible endpoint (see 'picoclaw model add --help').")
 }
 
 func listAvailableModels(cfg *config.Config) {
@@ -78,16 +86,13 @@ func listAvailableModels(cfg *config.Config) {
 	}
 
 	defaultModel := cfg.Agents.Defaults.ModelName
-	if defaultModel == "" {
-		defaultModel = cfg.Agents.Defaults.Model
-	}
 
 	for _, model := range cfg.ModelList {
 		marker := "  "
 		if model.ModelName == defaultModel {
 			marker = "> "
 		}
-		if model.APIKey == "" {
+		if !model.Enabled {
 			continue
 		}
 		fmt.Printf("%s- %s (%s)\n", marker, model.ModelName, model.Model)
@@ -98,7 +103,7 @@ func setDefaultModel(configPath string, cfg *config.Config, modelName string) er
 	// Validate that the model exists in model_list
 	modelFound := false
 	for _, model := range cfg.ModelList {
-		if model.APIKey != "" && model.ModelName == modelName {
+		if model.Enabled && model.ModelName == modelName {
 			modelFound = true
 			break
 		}
@@ -111,12 +116,8 @@ func setDefaultModel(configPath string, cfg *config.Config, modelName string) er
 	// Update the default model
 	// Clear old model field and set new model_name
 	oldModel := cfg.Agents.Defaults.ModelName
-	if oldModel == "" {
-		oldModel = cfg.Agents.Defaults.Model
-	}
 
 	cfg.Agents.Defaults.ModelName = modelName
-	cfg.Agents.Defaults.Model = "" // Clear deprecated field
 
 	// Save config back to file
 	if err := config.SaveConfig(configPath, cfg); err != nil {

cmd/picoclaw/internal/model/command_test.go

@@ -64,9 +64,19 @@ func TestShowCurrentModel_WithDefaultModel(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "gpt-4",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "gpt-4", Model: "openai/gpt-4", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
-			{ModelName: "claude-3", Model: "anthropic/claude-3", APIKey: "test"},
+				ModelName: "gpt-4",
+				Model:     "openai/gpt-4",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
+			{
+				ModelName: "claude-3",
+				Model:     "anthropic/claude-3",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -85,11 +95,15 @@ func TestShowCurrentModel_NoDefaultModel(t *testing.T) {
 		Agents: config.AgentsConfig{
 			Defaults: config.AgentDefaults{
 				ModelName: "",
-				Model:     "",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "gpt-4", Model: "openai/gpt-4", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
+				ModelName: "gpt-4",
+				Model:     "openai/gpt-4",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -101,26 +115,9 @@ func TestShowCurrentModel_NoDefaultModel(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, output, "Available models in your config:")
 }
 
-func TestShowCurrentModel_BackwardCompatibility(t *testing.T) {
-	cfg := &config.Config{
-		Agents: config.AgentsConfig{
-			Defaults: config.AgentDefaults{
-				Model: "legacy-model",
-			},
-		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{},
-	}
-
-	output := captureStdout(func() {
-		showCurrentModel(cfg)
-	})
-
-	assert.Contains(t, output, "Current default model: legacy-model")
-}
-
 func TestListAvailableModels_Empty(t *testing.T) {
 	cfg := &config.Config{
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{},
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{},
 	}
 
 	output := captureStdout(func() {
@@ -137,10 +134,20 @@ func TestListAvailableModels_WithModels(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "gpt-4",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "gpt-4", Model: "openai/gpt-4", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
-			{ModelName: "claude-3", Model: "anthropic/claude-3", APIKey: "test"},
+				ModelName: "gpt-4",
-			{ModelName: "no-key-model", Model: "openai/test", APIKey: ""},
+				Model:     "openai/gpt-4",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
+			{
+				ModelName: "claude-3",
+				Model:     "anthropic/claude-3",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
+			{ModelName: "no-key-model", Model: "openai/test"},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -163,9 +170,19 @@ func TestSetDefaultModel_ValidModel(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "old-model",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "new-model", Model: "openai/new-model", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
-			{ModelName: "old-model", Model: "openai/old-model", APIKey: "test"},
+				ModelName: "new-model",
+				Model:     "openai/new-model",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
+			{
+				ModelName: "old-model",
+				Model:     "openai/old-model",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -180,29 +197,6 @@ func TestSetDefaultModel_ValidModel(t *testing.T) {
 	updatedCfg, err := config.LoadConfig(configPath)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, "new-model", updatedCfg.Agents.Defaults.ModelName)
-	assert.Empty(t, updatedCfg.Agents.Defaults.Model)
-}
-
-func TestSetDefaultModel_LegacyModelField(t *testing.T) {
-	initTest(t)
-
-	cfg := &config.Config{
-		Agents: config.AgentsConfig{
-			Defaults: config.AgentDefaults{
-				Model: "legacy-old",
-			},
-		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "new-model", Model: "openai/new-model", APIKey: "test"},
-		},
-	}
-
-	output := captureStdout(func() {
-		err := setDefaultModel(configPath, cfg, "new-model")
-		assert.NoError(t, err)
-	})
-
-	assert.Contains(t, output, "Default model changed from 'legacy-old' to 'new-model'")
 }
 
 func TestSetDefaultModel_InvalidModel(t *testing.T) {
@@ -214,8 +208,13 @@ func TestSetDefaultModel_InvalidModel(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "existing-model",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "existing-model", Model: "openai/existing", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
+				ModelName: "existing-model",
+				Model:     "openai/existing",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -231,9 +230,14 @@ func TestSetDefaultModel_ModelWithoutAPIKey(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "existing-model",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "existing-model", Model: "openai/existing", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
-			{ModelName: "no-key-model", Model: "openai/nokey", APIKey: ""},
+				ModelName: "existing-model",
+				Model:     "openai/existing",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
+			{ModelName: "no-key-model", Model: "openai/nokey"},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -250,8 +254,13 @@ func TestSetDefaultModel_SaveConfigError(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "old-model",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "new-model", Model: "openai/new-model", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
+				ModelName: "new-model",
+				Model:     "openai/new-model",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -291,8 +300,13 @@ func TestModelCommandExecution_Show(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "test-model",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "test-model", Model: "openai/test", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
+				ModelName: "test-model",
+				Model:     "openai/test",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -318,9 +332,19 @@ func TestModelCommandExecution_Set(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "old-model",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "old-model", Model: "openai/old", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
-			{ModelName: "new-model", Model: "openai/new", APIKey: "test"},
+				ModelName: "old-model",
+				Model:     "openai/old",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
+			{
+				ModelName: "new-model",
+				Model:     "openai/new",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -352,10 +376,25 @@ func TestListAvailableModels_MarkerLogic(t *testing.T) {
 				ModelName: "middle-model",
 			},
 		},
-		ModelList: []config.ModelConfig{
+		ModelList: []*config.ModelConfig{
-			{ModelName: "first-model", Model: "openai/first", APIKey: "test"},
+			{
-			{ModelName: "middle-model", Model: "openai/middle", APIKey: "test"},
+				ModelName: "first-model",
-			{ModelName: "last-model", Model: "openai/last", APIKey: "test"},
+				Model:     "openai/first",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
+			{
+				ModelName: "middle-model",
+				Model:     "openai/middle",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
+			{
+				ModelName: "last-model",
+				Model:     "openai/last",
+				APIKeys:   config.SecureStrings{config.NewSecureString("test")},
+				Enabled:   true,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 

cmd/picoclaw/internal/model/online.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type modelEntry struct {
+	ID          string `json:"id"`
+	Name        string `json:"name"`
+	Description string `json:"description"`
+}
+
+type modelsAPIResponse struct {
+	Data []modelEntry `json:"data"`
+}
+
+// fetchOpenAIModels GETs <baseURL>/models with Bearer auth and accepts both the
+// {data:[…]} envelope and a bare array shape used by various OpenAI-compatible servers.
+func fetchOpenAIModels(baseURL, apiKey string) ([]modelEntry, error) {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(baseURL) == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("api base is required")
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(apiKey) == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("api key is required")
+	}
+
+	url := strings.TrimRight(baseURL, "/") + "/models"
+
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 15 * time.Second}
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+apiKey)
+
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		body, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 512))
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("HTTP %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, strings.TrimSpace(string(body)))
+	}
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// {"data": [...]} envelope. Distinguish "envelope shape with empty list"
+	// from "object without a data key" via Data being non-nil after unmarshal:
+	// json.Unmarshal sets Data to []modelEntry{} for `{"data":[]}` but leaves
+	// it as nil when "data" is absent or null.
+	var envelope modelsAPIResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &envelope); err == nil && envelope.Data != nil {
+		return envelope.Data, nil
+	}
+
+	// Bare-array shape, including `[]`.
+	var arr []modelEntry
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &arr); err == nil {
+		return arr, nil
+	}
+
+	preview := body
+	if len(preview) > 256 {
+		preview = preview[:256]
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode response: unrecognized shape: %s", strings.TrimSpace(string(preview)))
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/onboard/command.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-//go:generate cp -r ../../../../workspace .
+//go:generate go run ../../../../scripts/copydir.go ../../../../workspace ./workspace
 //go:embed workspace
 var embeddedFiles embed.FS
 
@@ -17,8 +17,13 @@ func NewOnboardCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		Use:     "onboard",
 		Aliases: []string{"o"},
 		Short:   "Initialize picoclaw configuration and workspace",
+		// Run without subcommands → original onboard flow
 		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			if len(args) == 0 {
 				onboard(encrypt)
+			} else {
+				_ = cmd.Help()
+			}
 		},
 	}
 

cmd/picoclaw/internal/onboard/helpers.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/term"
 
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal/cliui"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/credential"
 )
@@ -79,25 +80,7 @@ func onboard(encrypt bool) {
 	workspace := cfg.WorkspacePath()
 	createWorkspaceTemplates(workspace)
 
-	fmt.Printf("\n%s picoclaw is ready!\n", internal.Logo)
+	cliui.PrintOnboardComplete(internal.Logo, encrypt, configPath)
-	fmt.Println("\nNext steps:")
-	if encrypt {
-		fmt.Println("  1. Set your encryption passphrase before starting picoclaw:")
-		fmt.Println("       export PICOCLAW_KEY_PASSPHRASE=<your-passphrase>   # Linux/macOS")
-		fmt.Println("       set PICOCLAW_KEY_PASSPHRASE=<your-passphrase>      # Windows cmd")
-		fmt.Println("")
-		fmt.Println("  2. Add your API key to", configPath)
-	} else {
-		fmt.Println("  1. Add your API key to", configPath)
-	}
-	fmt.Println("")
-	fmt.Println("     Recommended:")
-	fmt.Println("     - OpenRouter: https://openrouter.ai/keys (access 100+ models)")
-	fmt.Println("     - Ollama:     https://ollama.com (local, free)")
-	fmt.Println("")
-	fmt.Println("     See README.md for 17+ supported providers.")
-	fmt.Println("")
-	fmt.Println("  3. Chat: picoclaw agent -m \"Hello!\"")
 }
 
 // promptPassphrase reads the encryption passphrase twice from the terminal
@@ -189,6 +172,9 @@ func copyEmbeddedToTarget(targetDir string) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("Failed to get relative path for %s: %v\n", path, err)
 		}
+		if new_path == "AGENTS.md" || new_path == "IDENTITY.md" {
+			return nil
+		}
 
 		// Build target file path
 		targetPath := filepath.Join(targetDir, new_path)

cmd/picoclaw/internal/onboard/helpers_test.go

@@ -6,20 +6,32 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-func TestCopyEmbeddedToTargetUsesAgentsMarkdown(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCopyEmbeddedToTargetUsesStructuredAgentFiles(t *testing.T) {
 	targetDir := t.TempDir()
 
 	if err := copyEmbeddedToTarget(targetDir); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("copyEmbeddedToTarget() error = %v", err)
 	}
 
-	agentsPath := filepath.Join(targetDir, "AGENTS.md")
+	agentPath := filepath.Join(targetDir, "AGENT.md")
-	if _, err := os.Stat(agentsPath); err != nil {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(agentPath); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected %s to exist: %v", agentsPath, err)
+		t.Fatalf("expected %s to exist: %v", agentPath, err)
 	}
 
-	legacyPath := filepath.Join(targetDir, "AGENT.md")
+	soulPath := filepath.Join(targetDir, "SOUL.md")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(soulPath); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %s to exist: %v", soulPath, err)
+	}
+
+	userPath := filepath.Join(targetDir, "USER.md")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(userPath); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %s to exist: %v", userPath, err)
+	}
+
+	for _, legacyName := range []string{"AGENTS.md", "IDENTITY.md"} {
+		legacyPath := filepath.Join(targetDir, legacyName)
 		if _, err := os.Stat(legacyPath); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
 			t.Fatalf("expected legacy file %s to be absent, got err=%v", legacyPath, err)
 		}
+	}
 }

cmd/picoclaw/internal/skills/command.go

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 
 type deps struct {
 	workspace    string
-	installer    *skills.SkillInstaller
 	skillsLoader *skills.SkillsLoader
 }
 
@@ -29,15 +28,6 @@ func NewSkillsCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			}
 
 			d.workspace = cfg.WorkspacePath()
-			installer, err := skills.NewSkillInstaller(
-				d.workspace,
-				cfg.Tools.Skills.Github.Token,
-				cfg.Tools.Skills.Github.Proxy,
-			)
-			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("error creating skills installer: %w", err)
-			}
-			d.installer = installer
 
 			// get global config directory and builtin skills directory
 			globalDir := filepath.Dir(internal.GetConfigPath())
@@ -52,13 +42,6 @@ func NewSkillsCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		},
 	}
 
-	installerFn := func() (*skills.SkillInstaller, error) {
-		if d.installer == nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("skills installer is not initialized")
-		}
-		return d.installer, nil
-	}
-
 	loaderFn := func() (*skills.SkillsLoader, error) {
 		if d.skillsLoader == nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("skills loader is not initialized")
@@ -75,10 +58,10 @@ func NewSkillsCommand() *cobra.Command {
 
 	cmd.AddCommand(
 		newListCommand(loaderFn),
-		newInstallCommand(installerFn),
+		newInstallCommand(),
 		newInstallBuiltinCommand(workspaceFn),
 		newListBuiltinCommand(),
-		newRemoveCommand(installerFn),
+		newRemoveCommand(),
 		newSearchCommand(),
 		newShowCommand(loaderFn),
 	)

cmd/picoclaw/internal/skills/helpers.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package skills
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
@@ -11,12 +12,23 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/fileutil"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/skills"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/utils"
 )
 
 const skillsSearchMaxResults = 20
 
+type installedSkillOriginMeta struct {
+	Version          int    `json:"version"`
+	OriginKind       string `json:"origin_kind,omitempty"`
+	Registry         string `json:"registry,omitempty"`
+	Slug             string `json:"slug,omitempty"`
+	RegistryURL      string `json:"registry_url,omitempty"`
+	InstalledVersion string `json:"installed_version,omitempty"`
+	InstalledAt      int64  `json:"installed_at"`
+}
+
 func skillsListCmd(loader *skills.SkillsLoader) {
 	allSkills := loader.ListSkills()
 
@@ -35,50 +47,32 @@ func skillsListCmd(loader *skills.SkillsLoader) {
 	}
 }
 
-func skillsInstallCmd(installer *skills.SkillInstaller, repo string) error {
-	fmt.Printf("Installing skill from %s...\n", repo)
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
-	defer cancel()
-
-	if err := installer.InstallFromGitHub(ctx, repo); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to install skill: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	fmt.Printf("\u2713 Skill '%s' installed successfully!\n", filepath.Base(repo))
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 // skillsInstallFromRegistry installs a skill from a named registry (e.g. clawhub).
-func skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg *config.Config, registryName, slug string) error {
+func skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg *config.Config, registryName, target string) error {
 	err := utils.ValidateSkillIdentifier(registryName)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("✗  invalid registry name: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	err = utils.ValidateSkillIdentifier(slug)
+	registryMgr := skills.NewRegistryManagerFromToolsConfig(cfg.Tools.Skills)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("✗  invalid slug: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	fmt.Printf("Installing skill '%s' from %s registry...\n", slug, registryName)
-
-	registryMgr := skills.NewRegistryManagerFromConfig(skills.RegistryConfig{
-		MaxConcurrentSearches: cfg.Tools.Skills.MaxConcurrentSearches,
-		ClawHub:               skills.ClawHubConfig(cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.ClawHub),
-	})
 
 	registry := registryMgr.GetRegistry(registryName)
 	if registry == nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("✗  registry '%s' not found or not enabled. check your config.json.", registryName)
 	}
 
+	dirName, err := registry.ResolveInstallDirName(target)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("✗  invalid install target %q: %w", target, err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Installing skill '%s' from %s registry...\n", target, registryName)
+
 	workspace := cfg.WorkspacePath()
-	targetDir := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", slug)
+	targetDir := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", dirName)
 
 	if _, err = os.Stat(targetDir); err == nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("\u2717 skill '%s' already installed at %s", slug, targetDir)
+		return fmt.Errorf("\u2717 skill '%s' already installed at %s", dirName, targetDir)
 	}
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 60*time.Second)
@@ -88,7 +82,7 @@ func skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg *config.Config, registryName, slug string) er
 		return fmt.Errorf("\u2717 failed to create skills directory: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	result, err := registry.DownloadAndInstall(ctx, slug, "", targetDir)
+	result, err := registry.DownloadAndInstall(ctx, target, "", targetDir)
 	if err != nil {
 		rmErr := os.RemoveAll(targetDir)
 		if rmErr != nil {
@@ -103,14 +97,34 @@ func skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg *config.Config, registryName, slug string) er
 			fmt.Printf("\u2717 Failed to remove partial install: %v\n", rmErr)
 		}
 
-		return fmt.Errorf("\u2717 Skill '%s' is flagged as malicious and cannot be installed.\n", slug)
+		return fmt.Errorf("\u2717 Skill '%s' is flagged as malicious and cannot be installed.\n", target)
 	}
 
 	if result.IsSuspicious {
-		fmt.Printf("\u26a0\ufe0f  Warning: skill '%s' is flagged as suspicious.\n", slug)
+		fmt.Printf("\u26a0\ufe0f  Warning: skill '%s' is flagged as suspicious.\n", target)
 	}
 
-	fmt.Printf("\u2713 Skill '%s' v%s installed successfully!\n", slug, result.Version)
+	if !workspaceHasValidSkillDirectory(workspace, dirName) {
+		_ = os.RemoveAll(targetDir)
+		return fmt.Errorf("✗ failed to install skill: registry archive for %q is not a valid skill", target)
+	}
+
+	normalizedSlug, registryURL := skills.BuildInstallMetadataForRegistryInstance(registry, target, result.Version)
+	installedAt := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+	if err := writeInstalledSkillOriginMeta(targetDir, installedSkillOriginMeta{
+		Version:          1,
+		OriginKind:       "third_party",
+		Registry:         registry.Name(),
+		Slug:             normalizedSlug,
+		RegistryURL:      registryURL,
+		InstalledVersion: result.Version,
+		InstalledAt:      installedAt,
+	}); err != nil {
+		_ = os.RemoveAll(targetDir)
+		return fmt.Errorf("✗ failed to persist skill metadata: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("\u2713 Skill '%s' v%s installed successfully!\n", dirName, result.Version)
 	if result.Summary != "" {
 		fmt.Printf("  %s\n", result.Summary)
 	}
@@ -118,15 +132,51 @@ func skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg *config.Config, registryName, slug string) er
 	return nil
 }
 
-func skillsRemoveCmd(installer *skills.SkillInstaller, skillName string) {
+func writeInstalledSkillOriginMeta(targetDir string, meta installedSkillOriginMeta) error {
-	fmt.Printf("Removing skill '%s'...\n", skillName)
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(meta, "", "  ")
-
+	if err != nil {
-	if err := installer.Uninstall(skillName); err != nil {
+		return err
-		fmt.Printf("✗ Failed to remove skill: %v\n", err)
-		os.Exit(1)
 	}
+	return fileutil.WriteFileAtomic(filepath.Join(targetDir, ".skill-origin.json"), data, 0o600)
+}
 
-	fmt.Printf("✓ Skill '%s' removed successfully!\n", skillName)
+func workspaceHasValidSkillDirectory(workspace, directory string) bool {
+	loader := skills.NewSkillsLoader(workspace, "", "")
+	for _, skill := range loader.ListSkills() {
+		if skill.Source != "workspace" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if filepath.Base(filepath.Dir(skill.Path)) == directory {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func skillsRemoveFromWorkspace(workspace string, toolsConfig config.SkillsToolsConfig, skillName string) error {
+	name := strings.TrimSpace(skillName)
+	name = strings.Trim(name, "/")
+	if name == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("skill name is required")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(name, "/") {
+		dirName, err := skills.GitHubInstallDirNameFromToolsConfig(toolsConfig, name)
+		if err != nil || dirName == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid skill name %q", skillName)
+		}
+		name = dirName
+	}
+	if name == "." || name == ".." {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid skill name %q", skillName)
+	}
+	skillDir := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", name)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(skillDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("skill '%s' not found", name)
+	}
+	if err := os.RemoveAll(skillDir); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove skill '%s': %w", name, err)
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 func skillsInstallBuiltinCmd(workspace string) {
@@ -226,10 +276,7 @@ func skillsSearchCmd(query string) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	registryMgr := skills.NewRegistryManagerFromConfig(skills.RegistryConfig{
+	registryMgr := skills.NewRegistryManagerFromToolsConfig(cfg.Tools.Skills)
-		MaxConcurrentSearches: cfg.Tools.Skills.MaxConcurrentSearches,
-		ClawHub:               skills.ClawHubConfig(cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.ClawHub),
-	})
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()

cmd/picoclaw/internal/skills/helpers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+package skills
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/config"
+)
+
+func TestSkillsInstallFromRegistryWritesOriginMetadata(t *testing.T) {
+	workspace := t.TempDir()
+	cfg := config.DefaultConfig()
+	cfg.Agents.Defaults.Workspace = workspace
+
+	var server *httptest.Server
+	server = httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case "/api/v3/repos/foo/bar":
+			require.NoError(t, json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{"default_branch": "master"}))
+		case "/api/v3/repos/foo/bar/contents/.agents/skills/pr-review":
+			assert.Equal(t, "ref=master", r.URL.RawQuery)
+			require.NoError(t, json.NewEncoder(w).Encode([]map[string]any{{
+				"type":         "file",
+				"name":         "SKILL.md",
+				"download_url": server.URL + "/raw/foo/bar/master/.agents/skills/pr-review/SKILL.md",
+			}}))
+		case "/raw/foo/bar/master/.agents/skills/pr-review/SKILL.md":
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte("---\nname: pr-review\ndescription: PR review skill\n---\n# PR Review\n"))
+		default:
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer server.Close()
+
+	githubRegistry, ok := cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.Get("github")
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	githubRegistry.BaseURL = server.URL
+	cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.Set("github", githubRegistry)
+
+	target := server.URL + "/foo/bar/tree/master/.agents/skills/pr-review"
+	require.NoError(t, skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg, "github", target))
+
+	metaPath := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", "pr-review", ".skill-origin.json")
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(metaPath)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var meta installedSkillOriginMeta
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &meta))
+	assert.Equal(t, "third_party", meta.OriginKind)
+	assert.Equal(t, "github", meta.Registry)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo/bar/.agents/skills/pr-review", meta.Slug)
+	assert.Equal(t, server.URL+"/foo/bar/tree/master/.agents/skills/pr-review", meta.RegistryURL)
+	assert.Equal(t, "master", meta.InstalledVersion)
+	assert.NotZero(t, meta.InstalledAt)
+}
+
+func TestSkillsInstallFromRegistryRejectsInvalidSkillArchive(t *testing.T) {
+	workspace := t.TempDir()
+	cfg := config.DefaultConfig()
+	cfg.Agents.Defaults.Workspace = workspace
+
+	var server *httptest.Server
+	server = httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case "/api/v3/repos/foo/bar":
+			require.NoError(t, json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{"default_branch": "master"}))
+		case "/api/v3/repos/foo/bar/contents/.agents/skills/pr-review":
+			require.NoError(t, json.NewEncoder(w).Encode([]map[string]any{{
+				"type":         "file",
+				"name":         "SKILL.md",
+				"download_url": server.URL + "/raw/foo/bar/master/.agents/skills/pr-review/SKILL.md",
+			}}))
+		case "/raw/foo/bar/master/.agents/skills/pr-review/SKILL.md":
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte("---\nname: bad_skill\ndescription: Invalid skill name\n---\n# Invalid\n"))
+		default:
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer server.Close()
+
+	githubRegistry, ok := cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.Get("github")
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	githubRegistry.BaseURL = server.URL
+	cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.Set("github", githubRegistry)
+
+	target := server.URL + "/foo/bar/tree/master/.agents/skills/pr-review"
+	err := skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg, "github", target)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "is not a valid skill")
+	_, statErr := os.Stat(filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", "pr-review"))
+	assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(statErr))
+}
+
+func TestSkillsRemoveFromWorkspaceRejectsDotTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	workspace := t.TempDir()
+	skillsDir := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(skillsDir, 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(skillsDir, "keep.txt"), []byte("keep"), 0o644))
+
+	err := skillsRemoveFromWorkspace(workspace, config.DefaultConfig().Tools.Skills, ".")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "invalid skill name")
+
+	_, statErr := os.Stat(skillsDir)
+	assert.NoError(t, statErr)
+	_, fileErr := os.Stat(filepath.Join(skillsDir, "keep.txt"))
+	assert.NoError(t, fileErr)
+}
+
+func TestSkillsRemoveFromWorkspaceUsesLastPathSegment(t *testing.T) {
+	workspace := t.TempDir()
+	targetDir := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", "pr-review")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(targetDir, 0o755))
+
+	err := skillsRemoveFromWorkspace(
+		workspace,
+		config.DefaultConfig().Tools.Skills,
+		"https://github.com/foo/bar/tree/main/.agents/skills/pr-review",
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, statErr := os.Stat(targetDir)
+	assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(statErr))
+}
+
+func TestSkillsRemoveFromWorkspaceSupportsRepoRootGitHubBlobURL(t *testing.T) {
+	workspace := t.TempDir()
+	targetDir := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", "bar")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(targetDir, 0o755))
+
+	err := skillsRemoveFromWorkspace(
+		workspace,
+		config.DefaultConfig().Tools.Skills,
+		"https://github.com/foo/bar/blob/feature/skills-registry/SKILL.md",
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, statErr := os.Stat(targetDir)
+	assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(statErr))
+}
+
+func TestSkillsRemoveFromWorkspaceSupportsGitHubEnterpriseURL(t *testing.T) {
+	workspace := t.TempDir()
+	targetDir := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", "pr-review")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(targetDir, 0o755))
+
+	cfg := config.DefaultConfig()
+	githubRegistry, ok := cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.Get("github")
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	githubRegistry.BaseURL = "https://ghe.example.com/git"
+	cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.Set("github", githubRegistry)
+
+	err := skillsRemoveFromWorkspace(
+		workspace,
+		cfg.Tools.Skills,
+		"https://ghe.example.com/git/foo/bar/tree/main/.agents/skills/pr-review",
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, statErr := os.Stat(targetDir)
+	assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(statErr))
+}
+
+func TestSkillsRemoveFromWorkspaceDoesNotRequireEnabledGitHubRegistry(t *testing.T) {
+	workspace := t.TempDir()
+	targetDir := filepath.Join(workspace, "skills", "pr-review")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(targetDir, 0o755))
+
+	cfg := config.DefaultConfig()
+	githubRegistry, ok := cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.Get("github")
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	githubRegistry.Enabled = false
+	cfg.Tools.Skills.Registries.Set("github", githubRegistry)
+
+	err := skillsRemoveFromWorkspace(
+		workspace,
+		cfg.Tools.Skills,
+		"https://github.com/foo/bar/tree/main/.agents/skills/pr-review",
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, statErr := os.Stat(targetDir)
+	assert.True(t, os.IsNotExist(statErr))
+}

cmd/picoclaw/internal/skills/install.go

@@ -6,15 +6,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
-	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/skills"
 )
 
-func newInstallCommand(installerFn func() (*skills.SkillInstaller, error)) *cobra.Command {
+func newInstallCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	var registry string
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "install",
-		Short: "Install skill from GitHub",
+		Short: "Install skill from GitHub or a registry",
 		Example: `
 picoclaw skills install sipeed/picoclaw-skills/weather
 picoclaw skills install --registry clawhub github
@@ -34,21 +33,15 @@ picoclaw skills install --registry clawhub github
 			return nil
 		},
 		RunE: func(_ *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			installer, err := installerFn()
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			if registry != "" {
 			cfg, err := internal.LoadConfig()
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-
+			if registry != "" {
 				return skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg, registry, args[0])
 			}
 
-			return skillsInstallCmd(installer, args[0])
+			return skillsInstallFromRegistry(cfg, "github", args[0])
 		},
 	}
 

cmd/picoclaw/internal/skills/install_test.go

@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestNewInstallSubcommand(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := newInstallCommand(nil)
+	cmd := newInstallCommand()
 
 	require.NotNil(t, cmd)
 
 	assert.Equal(t, "install", cmd.Use)
-	assert.Equal(t, "Install skill from GitHub", cmd.Short)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Install skill from GitHub or a registry", cmd.Short)
 
 	assert.Nil(t, cmd.Run)
 	assert.NotNil(t, cmd.RunE)
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func TestInstallCommandArgs(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			cmd := newInstallCommand(nil)
+			cmd := newInstallCommand()
 
 			if tt.registry != "" {
 				require.NoError(t, cmd.Flags().Set("registry", tt.registry))

cmd/picoclaw/internal/skills/remove.go

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ package skills
 import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 
-	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/skills"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/cmd/picoclaw/internal"
 )
 
-func newRemoveCommand(installerFn func() (*skills.SkillInstaller, error)) *cobra.Command {
+func newRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "remove",
 		Aliases: []string{"rm", "uninstall"},
@@ -14,12 +14,11 @@ func newRemoveCommand(installerFn func() (*skills.SkillInstaller, error)) *cobra
 		Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(1),
 		Example: `picoclaw skills remove weather`,
 		RunE: func(_ *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			installer, err := installerFn()
+			cfg, err := internal.LoadConfig()
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			skillsRemoveCmd(installer, args[0])
+			return skillsRemoveFromWorkspace(cfg.WorkspacePath(), cfg.Tools.Skills, args[0])
-			return nil
 		},
 	}
 

cmd/picoclaw/internal/skills/remove_test.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestNewRemoveSubcommand(t *testing.T) {
-	cmd := newRemoveCommand(nil)
+	cmd := newRemoveCommand()
 
 	require.NotNil(t, cmd)