Merge branch 'release/v0.6.0'

I've kept just one cmake project, in the root directory. The
subdirectories just set up the targets.

The asm compiler is serached just one time, from the root
directory cmake file.

Global compilation flags are set in the root cmake file, and
each subdirectory cmake file sets specific flags if necessary
(e.g., programs need the -u_start specified)

.clang-format

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ AlignTrailingComments: true
 AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: false
 AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
 AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: None
-AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: Never
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: Always
 AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: true
 AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: Always
 AlwaysBreakAfterDefinitionReturnType: None

.gdb.debug

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-symbol-file ./mentos/kernel.bin
-exec-file ./mentos/kernel.bin
-target remote localhost:1234

.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+name: Ubuntu
+on:
+    push:
+        branches-ignore:
+            - "releases/**"
+        paths-ignore:
+            - "**.md"
+            - ".gitignore"
+            - "**/macos.yml"
+            - "**/windows.yml"
+    pull_request:
+        paths-ignore:
+            - "**.md"
+            - ".gitignore"
+            - "**/macos.yml"
+            - "**/windows.yml"
+jobs:
+    doxygen:
+        name: Doxygen
+        runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+        steps:
+            - name: Clone repository
+              uses: actions/checkout@v3
+            - name: Install dependencies
+              run: |
+                  sudo apt-get update
+                  sudo apt-get install -y doxygen nasm
+            - name: Generate documentation
+              run: |
+                  cmake -B build -D DOXYGEN_WARN_AS_ERROR=NO
+                  cmake --build build --target mentos_documentation
+    build:
+        name: Build
+        strategy:
+            fail-fast: false
+            matrix:
+                include: [
+                        # You can access the following values via ${{ matrix.??? }}
+                        #
+                        #   pkgs         : apt-get package names.  It can include multiple package names which are delimited by space.
+                        #   cc           : C compiler executable.
+                        #   cxx          : C++ compiler executable for `make ctocpptest`.
+                        #   x32          : Set 'true' if compiler supports x32.  Otherwise, set 'false'.
+                        #                  Set 'fail' if it supports x32 but fails for now.  'fail' cases must be removed.
+                        #   x86          : Set 'true' if compiler supports x86 (-m32).  Otherwise, set 'false'.
+                        #                  Set 'fail' if it supports x86 but fails for now.  'fail' cases must be removed.
+                        #   cxxtest      : Set 'true' if it can be compiled as C++ code.  Otherwise, set 'false'.
+                        #   freestanding : Set 'true' if it can be compiled and execute freestanding code.  Otherwise, set 'false'.
+                        #                  Usually, it requires Linux, x86_64 and gcc/g++.
+                        #   os           : GitHub Actions YAML workflow label.  See https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments#available-environments
+                        # gcc
+                        { pkgs: "nasm", cc: gcc, cxx: g++, os: ubuntu-latest },
+                        { pkgs: "gcc-12 g++-12 nasm", cc: gcc-12, cxx: g++-12, os: ubuntu-22.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "gcc-11 g++-11 nasm", cc: gcc-11, cxx: g++-11, os: ubuntu-22.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "gcc-10 g++-10 nasm", cc: gcc-10, cxx: g++-10, os: ubuntu-22.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "gcc-9 g++-9 nasm", cc: gcc-9, cxx: g++-9, os: ubuntu-22.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "gcc-8 g++-8 nasm", cc: gcc-8, cxx: g++-8, os: ubuntu-20.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "gcc-7 g++-7 nasm", cc: gcc-7, cxx: g++-7, os: ubuntu-20.04 },
+                        # clang
+                        { pkgs: "nasm", cc: clang, cxx: clang++, os: ubuntu-latest },
+                        { pkgs: "clang-14 nasm", cc: clang-14, cxx: clang++-14, os: ubuntu-22.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "clang-13 nasm", cc: clang-13, cxx: clang++-13, os: ubuntu-22.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "clang-12 nasm", cc: clang-12, cxx: clang++-12, os: ubuntu-22.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "clang-11 nasm", cc: clang-11, cxx: clang++-11, os: ubuntu-22.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "clang-10 nasm", cc: clang-10, cxx: clang++-10, os: ubuntu-20.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "clang-9 nasm", cc: clang-9, cxx: clang++-9, os: ubuntu-20.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "clang-8 nasm", cc: clang-8, cxx: clang++-8, os: ubuntu-20.04 },
+                        { pkgs: "clang-7 nasm", cc: clang-7, cxx: clang++-7, os: ubuntu-20.04 },
+                    ]
+        runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+        # Set environment variables
+        env:
+            # We globally set CC and CXX.
+            CC: ${{ matrix.cc }}
+            CXX: ${{ matrix.cxx }}
+        steps:
+            - name: Clone repository
+              uses: actions/checkout@v3
+            - name: Install dependencies
+              run: |
+                  sudo apt-get update
+                  sudo apt-get install -y ${{ matrix.pkgs }}
+            - name: Build
+              run: |
+                  cmake -B build
+                  cmake --build build --parallel 2

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,15 @@
+# Covers Visual Studio Code
+.vscode/*
+!.vscode/settings.json
+!.vscode/tasks.json
+!.vscode/launch.json
+!.vscode/extensions.json
+!.vscode/*.code-snippets
+# Local History for Visual Studio Code
+.history/
+# Built Visual Studio Code Extensions
+*.vsix
+
 # Covers JetBrains IDEs: IntelliJ, RubyMine, PhpStorm, AppCode, PyCharm, CLion, Android Studio and WebStorm
 # Reference: https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/articles/206544839
 
@@ -101,4 +113,10 @@ src/initscp/initfscp
 .DS_Store
 
 # OS filesystem files.
-files/bin/**
+files/bin/**
+
+# ISO creation files.
+iso/boot/*.bin
+
+# ClangD stuff.
+.cache

.travis.jml

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-dist      : xenial
-sudo      : required
-language  : c
-
-matrix:
-  include:
-    - compiler: gcc
-      addons:
-        apt:
-          sources:
-            - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-          packages:
-            - gcc-5
-      env: COMPILER=gcc-5
-
-before_install:
-  - sudo apt-get update -qq
-  - sudo apt-get install -qq nasm
-
-script:
-  - mkdir build
-  - cd build
-  - cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=$COMPILER .. && make

.vscode/launch.json

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "type": "gdb",
+            "request": "attach",
+            "name": "(gdb) Attach",
+            "target": "localhost:1234",
+            "remote": true,
+            "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}/build",
+            "valuesFormatting": "parseText"
+        }
+    ]
+}

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,158 +1,267 @@
 # =============================================================================
-# Set the minimum required version of cmake.
+# PROJECT SETUP
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
+# =============================================================================
-# Initialize the project.
+
-project(MentOs)
+# Set the minimum required version of cmake.
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1...3.22)
+
+# Initialize the project.
+project(mentos C ASM)
 
-# =============================================================================
 # Set the default build type to Debug.
 if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
-  message(STATUS "Setting build type to 'Debug' as none was specified.")
+    message(STATUS "Setting build type to 'Debug' as none was specified.")
-  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE
+    set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug" CACHE STRING "Choose the type of build." FORCE)
-      "Debug"
-      CACHE STRING "Choose the type of build." FORCE)
 endif()
 
 # =============================================================================
+# OS-SPECIFIC COMPILERS SETUP
+# =============================================================================
+
 # Add operating system specific option.
 message(STATUS "Crosscompiling : ${CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING}")
 message(STATUS "System name    : ${CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_NAME}")
 message(STATUS "Kernel version : ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION}")
 if((${CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Darwin") OR APPLE)
-  # Set the Apple MacOSx compilers.
+    # Specify the linker flags.
-  if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS "3.6.0")
+    set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -nostdlib")
-    include(CMakeForceCompiler)
-    cmake_force_c_compiler(i386-elf-gcc Clang)
-    cmake_force_cxx_compiler(i386-elf-g++ Clang)
-  else()
-    set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER i386-elf-gcc)
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER i386-elf-g++)
-    set(CMAKE_AR i386-elf-ar)
-  endif()
-  # Speicfy the linker.
-  set(CMAKE_LINKER i386-elf-ld)
-  # Specify the linker flags.
-  set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -nostdlib")
-
 elseif((${CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Windows") OR WIN32)
   # Windows set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -sdl)
-
 else()
-  # Generic Unix System
+    # Generic Unix System.
-  find_program(LSB_RELEASE_EXEC lsb_release)
+    # Find the `lsb_release` program.
-  execute_process(
+    find_program(LSB_RELEASE_EXEC lsb_release HINTS /usr/bin/ /usr/local/bin/)
-    COMMAND "${LSB_RELEASE_EXEC}" --short --release
+    # Mark the program path as advanced, we do not want it to appear as an option.
-    OUTPUT_VARIABLE LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT
+    mark_as_advanced(LSB_RELEASE_EXEC)
-    OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
+    # Get the version.
-  message(STATUS "LSB version    : ${LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT}")
+    execute_process(
-  if(${LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT} MATCHES "^18")
+        COMMAND "${LSB_RELEASE_EXEC}" --short --release
-    # Ubuntu 18 set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -sdl)
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT
-  elseif(${LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT} MATCHES "^19")
+        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-    # Ubuntu 19
+    )
-    set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -display gtk)
+    message(STATUS "LSB version    : ${LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT}")
-  elseif(${LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT} MATCHES "^20")
+    if(${LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT} MATCHES "^18")
-    # Ubuntu 20
+        # Ubuntu 18 set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -sdl)
-    set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -display gtk)
+    elseif(${LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT} MATCHES "^19")
-  else()
+        # Ubuntu 19
-    # set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -sdl)
+        set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -display gtk)
-  endif()
+    elseif(${LSB_RELEASE_VERSION_SHORT} MATCHES "^20")
+        # Ubuntu 20
+        set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -display gtk)
+    else()
+        # set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -sdl)
+    endif()
+    # Speicfy the linker.
+    set(CMAKE_LINKER ld)
 endif()
 
 # =============================================================================
-# Add the debugging option.
+# ASSEMBLY COMPILER
-set(DEBUGGING_TYPE
+# =============================================================================
-    "DEBUG_STDIO"
+
-    CACHE STRING "Chose the type of debugging: DEBUG_STDIO DEBUG_LOG")
+# Find the NASM compiler.
-set_property(CACHE DEBUGGING_TYPE PROPERTY STRINGS DEBUG_STDIO DEBUG_LOG)
+find_program(ASM_COMPILER NAMES nasm HINTS /usr/bin/ /usr/local/bin/)
-if("${DEBUGGING_TYPE}" STREQUAL "DEBUG_STDIO" OR "${DEBUGGING_TYPE}" STREQUAL "DEBUG_LOG")
+# Mark the variable ASM_COMPILER as advanced.
-  set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -D${DEBUGGING_TYPE}")
+mark_as_advanced(ASM_COMPILER)
-  message(STATUS "Setting debugging type to ${DEBUGGING_TYPE}.")
+# Check that we have found the compiler.
+if(NOT ASM_COMPILER)
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "ASM compiler not found!")
+endif(NOT ASM_COMPILER)
+# Set the asm compiler.
+set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER ${ASM_COMPILER})
+# Set the assembly compiler flags.
+if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+    set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILE_OBJECT "<CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER> -f elf -g -O0 -F dwarf -o <OBJECT> <SOURCE>")
 else()
-  message(FATAL_ERROR "Debugging type ${DEBUGGING_TYPE} is not valid.")
+    set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILE_OBJECT "<CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER> -f elf -g -O3 -o <OBJECT> <SOURCE>")
 endif()
 
 # =============================================================================
+# GLOBAL COMPILATION FLAGS
+# =============================================================================
+
+# Warning flags.
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Werror")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wpedantic")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -pedantic-errors")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wshadow")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -std=gnu99")
+
+# Disable some specific warnings.
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unused-function")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unused-variable")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unknown-pragmas")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-missing-braces")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unused-command-line-argument")
+
+# Set the compiler options.
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -static")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -nostdlib")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -nostdinc")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fno-builtin")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fno-stack-protector")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fno-pic")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fomit-frame-pointer")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -m32")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -march=i686")
+
+if(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 10)
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fcommon")
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -g3")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -ggdb")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -O0")
+elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -O3")
+endif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+
+# Set the assembly compiler flags.
+set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS} -m32")
+
+# =============================================================================
+# SUB-DIRECTORIES SETUP
+# =============================================================================
+
 # Add the sub-directories.
 add_subdirectory(programs)
 add_subdirectory(programs/tests)
 add_subdirectory(mentos)
-add_subdirectory(initscp)
 add_subdirectory(libc)
 add_subdirectory(doc)
 
 # =============================================================================
-# Target to generate the initrd filesystem.
+# FILESYSTEM
-add_custom_target(
+# =============================================================================
-  initrd
+
-  COMMAND echo "---------------------------------------------"
+# MentOS is compatible with EXT2 fileystems. This target generates an EXT2
-  COMMAND echo "Initializing 'initrd'..."
+# fileystem using the content of the `files` folder.
-  COMMAND echo "---------------------------------------------"
+add_custom_target(filesystem
-  COMMAND initfscp -s ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/files -t ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/initrd -m /dev
+    BYPRODUCTS ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/rootfs.img
-  COMMAND echo "---------------------------------------------"
+    COMMAND echo '============================================================================='
-  COMMAND echo "Done!"
+    COMMAND echo 'Creating EXT2 filesystem...'
-  COMMAND echo "---------------------------------------------"
+    COMMAND echo '============================================================================='
-  DEPENDS initfscp
+    COMMAND mkdir -p ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/files/proc
-  DEPENDS all_programs all_tests)
+    COMMAND mkdir -p ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/files/dev
+    COMMAND mke2fs -L 'rootfs' -N 0 -d ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/files -b 4096 -m 5 -r 1 -t ext2 -v -F ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/rootfs.img 32M
+    COMMAND echo '============================================================================='
+    COMMAND echo 'Done!'
+    COMMAND echo '============================================================================='
+    DEPENDS programs tests
+)
 
 # =============================================================================
-# Update GDB symbol file.
+# EMULATION SERIAL OUTPUT OPTION
-add_custom_target(
+# =============================================================================
-  gdb_file
+# Set the list of valid emulator output options.
-  COMMAND echo "symbol-file ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel-bootloader.bin" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+set(EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPES OUTPUT_STDIO OUTPUT_LOG)
-  COMMAND echo "exec-file   ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel-bootloader.bin" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+# Add the emulator output option.
-  COMMAND bash ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/get_text_address.sh ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel.bin > ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+set(EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPE "OUTPUT_STDIO" CACHE STRING "Chose the type of emulator output: ${EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPES}")
-  COMMAND bash ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/get_text_address.sh ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel-bootloader.bin >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+# List of emulator output options.
-  COMMAND bash ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/get_text_address.sh ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/programs/tests/test_* >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+set_property(CACHE EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPE PROPERTY STRINGS ${EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPES})
-  COMMAND bash ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/get_text_address.sh ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/programs/prog_* >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+# Check which emulator output option is currently active.
-  COMMAND echo "break boot.c: boot_main" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+list(FIND EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPES ${EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPE} INDEX)
-  COMMAND echo "break kernel.c: kmain" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+if(index EQUAL -1)
-  COMMAND echo "target remote localhost:1234" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Emulator output type ${EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPE} is not valid.")
-  DEPENDS ${PROJECT_NAME}_bootloader
+else()
-  DEPENDS all_programs all_tests
+    message(STATUS "Setting emulator output type to ${EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPE}.")
-  DEPENDS libc)
+endif()
 
 # =============================================================================
-# Update GDB symbol file.
+# EMULATOR CONFIGURATION
-add_custom_target(
-  gdb_file_clion_embedded
-  COMMAND echo "symbol-file ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel-bootloader.bin" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
-  COMMAND echo "exec-file   ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel-bootloader.bin" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
-  COMMAND bash ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/get_text_address.sh ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel.bin > ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
-  COMMAND bash ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/get_text_address.sh ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel-bootloader.bin >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
-  COMMAND bash ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/get_text_address.sh ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/programs/prog_* >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/.gdbinit
-  DEPENDS ${PROJECT_NAME}_bootloader
-  DEPENDS all_programs all_tests
-  DEPENDS libc)
-
 # =============================================================================
-# Set memory size.
-set(MEMORY_SIZE 1096M)
 
-# =============================================================================
+# Set the emulator.
-# Builds the code and runs qemu with the built Os.
 set(EMULATOR qemu-system-i386)
-if(${DEBUGGING_TYPE} STREQUAL DEBUG_LOG)
+# Set the debug type.
-  set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -serial file:serial.log)
+if(${EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPE} STREQUAL OUTPUT_LOG)
-elseif(${DEBUGGING_TYPE} STREQUAL DEBUG_STDIO)
+    set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -serial file:${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/serial.log)
-  set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -serial stdio)
+elseif(${EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPE} STREQUAL OUTPUT_STDIO)
-endif(${DEBUGGING_TYPE} STREQUAL DEBUG_LOG)
+    set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -serial stdio)
+endif(${EMULATOR_OUTPUT_TYPE} STREQUAL OUTPUT_LOG)
+# Set the type of video.
 set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -vga std)
-set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -m ${MEMORY_SIZE})
+# Set the amount of memory.
-set(EMULATOR_KERNEL -kernel mentos/kernel-bootloader.bin)
+set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -m 1096M)
-set(EMULATOR_FS -initrd initrd)
+# Set the EXT2 drive.
-
+set(EMULATOR_FLAGS ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -drive file=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/rootfs.img,format=raw,index=0,media=disk)
-add_custom_target(
-  qemu
-  COMMAND ${EMULATOR} ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} ${EMULATOR_KERNEL} ${EMULATOR_FS}
-  DEPENDS kernel-bootloader.bin initrd all_programs all_tests libc)
 
 # =============================================================================
-# Builds the code and runs qemu with the built Os.
+# Booting with QEMU for fun
-set(EMULATOR_FLAGS_GDB ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -s -S)
+# =============================================================================
 
+# This first target runs the emulator passing the kernel binary file.
 add_custom_target(
-  qemu-gdb
+    qemu
-  COMMAND ${EMULATOR} ${EMULATOR_FLAGS_GDB} ${EMULATOR_KERNEL} ${EMULATOR_FS} &
+    COMMAND test -e ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/rootfs.img || ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E cmake_echo_color --red "No filesystem file detected, you need to run: make filesystem"
-  DEPENDS gdb_file kernel-bootloader.bin initrd)
+    COMMAND ${EMULATOR} ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -kernel ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/bootloader.bin
+    DEPENDS bootloader.bin
+)
 
-add_custom_target(all-execs-clion-embedded DEPENDS gdb_file_clion_embedded kernel-bootloader.bin initrd)
+# =============================================================================
+# Booting with QEMU+GDB for debugging
+# =============================================================================
+
+# First, we need to generate a GDB file containing all the symbols of all our
+# executables.
+add_custom_target(
+    gdbinit
+    BYPRODUCTS ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/gdb.run
+    # Create the generic gdb configuration.
+    COMMAND echo "add-symbol-file ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel.bin" > ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/gdb.run
+    COMMAND echo "add-symbol-file ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/bootloader.bin" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/gdb.run
+    COMMAND find ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/files/bin -type f  | xargs realpath | sed 's/^/add-symbol-file /' >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/gdb.run
+    COMMAND echo "break boot.c: boot_main" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/gdb.run
+    COMMAND echo "break kernel.c: kmain" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/gdb.run
+    # Create the GDB connection file.
+    COMMAND echo "target remote localhost:1234" >> ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/gdb.run
+    DEPENDS ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/bootloader.bin
+    DEPENDS ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/kernel.bin
+    DEPENDS programs
+    DEPENDS tests
+    DEPENDS libc
+)
+
+# This second target runs the emualtor passing the kernel binary file, and also
+# the `-s -S` options. This basically tells the emulator to run the kernel in
+# debug mode, and pause it up until a debugger connects to it.
+add_custom_target(
+    qemu-gdb
+    COMMAND test -e ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/rootfs.img || ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E cmake_echo_color --red "No filesystem file detected, you need to run: make filesystem"
+    COMMAND echo ""
+    COMMAND echo "Now, QEMU has loaded the kernel, and it is waiting that you"
+    COMMAND echo "remotely connect to it. To start debugging, open a new shell"
+    COMMAND echo "in THIS same folder, and just type:"
+    COMMAND echo "    gdb --quiet --command=gdb.run"
+    COMMAND echo "or if you want to use cgdb, type:"
+    COMMAND echo "    cgdb --quiet --command=gdb.run"
+    COMMAND echo ""
+    COMMAND ${EMULATOR} ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -s -S -kernel ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/bootloader.bin
+    DEPENDS bootloader.bin
+    DEPENDS gdbinit
+)
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Booting with QEMU+GRUB
+# =============================================================================
+
+# First, we need to build the ISO for the cdrom.
+add_custom_target(
+  cdrom.iso
+  COMMAND cp -rf ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/iso .
+  COMMAND cp ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/mentos/bootloader.bin ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/iso/boot
+  COMMAND grub-mkrescue -o ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cdrom.iso ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/iso
+  DEPENDS bootloader.bin
+)
+
+# This third target runs the emualtor, but this time, the kernel binary file is
+# inside the cdrom, so we will not pass the `-kernel` option. We will pass the
+# `-cdrom` option and the `-boot d` option, all the other options will remain
+# the same.
+add_custom_target(
+    qemu-grub
+    COMMAND ${EMULATOR} ${EMULATOR_FLAGS} -boot d -cdrom ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cdrom.iso
+    DEPENDS cdrom.iso
+)

CODING_STYLE.md

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-# Coding Style
-If you'd like to contribute you are welcome, thus refer to the following coding
-styles please:
-
-* **C**: _the Linux kernel coding style_
-  https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v4.10/process/coding-style.html

LICENSE.md

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 MIT License
 
-Copyright (c) 2019 Alessandro Danese, Enrico Fraccaroli, Luigi Capogrosso, 
+Copyright (c) 2014-2024 MentOs-Team.
-Mirco De Marchi
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

README.md

@@ -1,10 +1,33 @@
-# MentOS
+# MentOS (Mentoring Operating System)
 
 [![forthebadge](https://forthebadge.com/images/badges/built-with-love.svg)](https://forthebadge.com)
 [![forthebadge](https://forthebadge.com/images/badges/made-with-c.svg)](https://forthebadge.com)
 [![forthebadge](https://forthebadge.com/images/badges/for-you.svg)](https://forthebadge.com)
 
-## 1. What is MentOS
+[![Ubuntu](https://github.com/mentos-team/MentOS/actions/workflows/ubuntu.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/mentos-team/MentOS/actions/workflows/ubuntu.yml)
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+- [MentOS (Mentoring Operating System)](#mentos-mentoring-operating-system)
+  - [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
+  - [What is MentOS](#what-is-mentos)
+  - [Implemented features](#implemented-features)
+  - [Prerequisites](#prerequisites)
+    - [Installing the prerequisites](#installing-the-prerequisites)
+  - [Compiling MentOS](#compiling-mentos)
+  - [Generating the EXT2 filesystem](#generating-the-ext2-filesystem)
+  - [Running MentOS](#running-mentos)
+  - [Running MentOS from GRUB](#running-mentos-from-grub)
+  - [Running and adding new programs to MentOS](#running-and-adding-new-programs-to-mentos)
+    - [Create a new program](#create-a-new-program)
+    - [Add the new program to the list of compiled sources](#add-the-new-program-to-the-list-of-compiled-sources)
+    - [Running a program or a test](#running-a-program-or-a-test)
+  - [Kernel logging](#kernel-logging)
+  - [Change the scheduling algorithm](#change-the-scheduling-algorithm)
+  - [Debugging the kernel](#debugging-the-kernel)
+  - [Contributors](#contributors)
+
+## What is MentOS
 
 MentOS (Mentoring Operating System) is an open source educational operating
 system. The goal of MentOS is to provide a project environment that is realistic
@@ -26,66 +49,99 @@ Parts of MentOS are inherited or inspired by a similar educational operating
 system called [DreamOs](https://github.com/dreamos82/DreamOs) written by Ivan
 Gualandri.
 
-## 2. Prerequisites
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
+
+## Implemented features
+
+Follows the list of implemented features:
+
+**Processes and Events**
+ - [x] Memory protection (User vs Kernel);
+ - [x] Processes;
+ - [x] Scheduler (synchronous and asynchronous);
+ - [x] Interrupts and Exceptions;
+ - [x] Signals;
+ - [x] Timers and RTC;
+ - [x] Wait-queues;
+ - [x] System Calls;
+ - [ ] Multi-core;
+ 
+**Memory**
+ - [x] Paging;
+ - [x] Buddy System;
+ - [x] Slab Allocation;
+ - [x] Zone Allocator;
+ - [x] Cache Allocator;
+ - [x] Heap;
+ - [x] Virtual Addressing;
+
+**Filesystem**
+ - [x] Virtual Filesystem (VFS);
+ - [x] Initramfs;
+ - [x] EXT2;
+ - [x] Procfs;
+
+**Input/Output**
+ - [x] Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) drivers;
+ - [x] Keyboard drivers (IT/ENG layouts);
+ - [x] Video drivers;
+ - [ ] VGA drivers;
+
+**Inter-Process Communication (IPC)**
+ - [X] Semaphore
+ - [ ] Message queue
+ - [ ] Shared memory
+ - [ ] Named pipe
+
+I will try to keep it updated...
+
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
+
+## Prerequisites
 
 MentOS is compatible with the main **unix-based** operating systems. It has been
-tested with *Ubuntu*, *WSL1*, *WSL2*, and  *MacOS*.
+tested with *Ubuntu*, and under Windows with *WSL1* and *WSL2*.
 
-### 2.1. Generic Prerequisites
+For **compiling** the system we need:
 
-#### 3.1.1. Compile
+ - git
-
-For compiling the system:
-
- - nasm
  - gcc
+ - nasm
  - make
  - cmake
- - git
  - ccmake (suggested)
+ - e2fsprogs (should be already installed)
 
 Under **MacOS**, for compiling, you have additional dependencies:
 
  - i386-elf-binutils
  - i386-elf-gcc
 
-#### 3.1.2. Execute
+For **executing** the operating system we need:
-
-To execute the operating system, you need to install:
 
  - qemu-system-i386 (or qemu-system-x86)
 
-#### 3.1.3. Debug
+For **debugging** we suggest using:
 
-For debugging we suggest using:
+ - gdb or cgdb
 
- - cgdb
+### Installing the prerequisites
- - xterm
-
-### 2.2. installation Prerequisites
 
 Under **Ubuntu**, you can type the following commands:
 
 ```bash
 sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y
-sudo apt-get install -y build-essential git cmake qemu-system-i386 
+sudo apt-get install -y git build-essential nasm make cmake cmake-curses-gui e2fsprogs
-sudo apt-get install -y cgdb xterm
+sudo apt-get install -y qemu-system-x86
+sudo apt-get install -y gdb cgdb
 ```
+Note: Older versions might have `qemu-system-i386` instead of `qemu-system-x86`.
 
-Under **MacOS** you also need to install the i386-elf cross-compiler. The
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
-simplest installation method is through Homebrew package manager.
-Install [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/index_it) if you don't already have it, and
-then type the following commands:
 
-```bash
+## Compiling MentOS
-brew update && brew upgrade
-brew install i386-elf-binutils i386-elf-gcc git cmake qemu nasm
-brew install cgdb xterm #<- for debug only
-```
 
-## 3. Compiling MentOS
+Compile MentOS with:
-
-Compile and boot MentOS with qemu:
 
 ```bash
 cd <clone_directory>
@@ -93,36 +149,205 @@ mkdir build
 cd build
 cmake ..
 make
+```
+
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
+
+## Generating the EXT2 filesystem
+
+Generate the EXT2 filesystem with:
+
+```bash
+make filesystem
+```
+you just need to generate the filesystem once. If you change a `program` you need to re-generate the entire filesystem with `make filesystem`, but this will override any changes you made to the files inside the `rootfs.img`. In the future I will find a way to update just the `/usr/bin` directory and the programs.
+
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
+
+## Running MentOS
+
+Boot MentOS with qemu:
+
+```bash
 make qemu
 ```
 
 To login, use one of the usernames listed in `files/etc/passwd`.
 
-## 4. Change the scheduling algorithm
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
 
-MentOS provides three different scheduling algorithms:
+## Running MentOS from GRUB
 
- - Round-Robin
+For booting MentOS from GRUB in QEMU we need the following tools:
- - Priority
- - Completely Fair Scheduling
 
-If you want to change the scheduling algorithm:
+ - xorriso
+ - grub-mkrescue (from grub-common)
+
+We also need `grub-pc-bin`, otherwise GRUB won't start in QEMU.
+
+Which can be installed in Ubuntu with the following command:
+```bash
+sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y
+sudo apt-get install -y grub-common grub-pc-bin xorriso
+```
+
+Boot MentOS with qemu through GRUB by calling:
 
 ```bash
+make qemu-grub
+```
 
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
+
+## Running and adding new programs to MentOS
+
+This section explains how to add a new program to MentOS, and also how to run programs in mentos. It also explains how to add new tests, which are located in the `programs/tests` folder.
+
+### Create a new program
+
+Head to the `programs` (or the `programs/tests`) folder. Create and open a new program, for instance a file called `hello_world.c`, with your preferred editor, and add this content to the file:
+```C
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    printf("Hello, World!\n\n");
+    return 0;
+}
+```
+
+### Add the new program to the list of compiled sources
+Now we can add the program to the list of files which are compiled and placed inside MentOS filesystem.
+The following procedure is the same for both `programs` and `programs/tests`, what changes is which `CMakeLists.txt` file we modify.
+
+You need to modify the `CMakeLists.txt` file, either `programs/CMakeLists.txt` or `programs/tests/CMakeLists.txt`, and add your program to the list of files to be compiled:
+```Makefile
+# Add the executables (manually).
+set(PROGRAMS
+    init.c
+    ...
+    hello_world.c
+)
+```
+or
+```Makefile
+# Add the executables (manually).
+set(TESTS
+    t_mem.c
+    ...
+    hello_world.c
+)
+```
+
+That's it, the `hello_world.c` file will be compiled and will appear inside the `/bin` or `/bin/tests` folder of MentOS.
+
+### Running a program or a test
+Once you login into MentOS, if you placed your source code in `programs`, you can execute the program by simply typing:
+```bash
+hello_world
+```
+because the file resides in `/bin`, and that folder is listed in the `PATH` environment variable.
+
+Now, if you placed your source code inside the `programs/tests` folder, the executable will end up inside the `/bin/tests` folder.
+However, the `/bin/tests` folder is not listed in `PATH`, so, if you want to execute a test from that folder you need to specify the full path:
+```bash
+/bin/tests/hello_world
+```
+
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
+
+## Kernel logging
+The kernel provides ways of printing logging messages *from* inside the kernel code *to* the bash where you executed the `make qemu`.
+
+These *logging* functions are:
+```C
+#define pr_emerg(...)
+#define pr_alert(...)
+#define pr_crit(...)
+#define pr_err(...)
+#define pr_warning(...)
+#define pr_notice(...)
+#define pr_info(...)
+#define pr_debug(...)
+#define pr_default(...)
+```
+
+You use them like you would use a `printf`:
+```C
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        pr_err("Failed to open file '%s', received file descriptor %d.\n", filename, fd);
+        return 1;
+    }
+```
+
+By default only message that goes from `pr_notice` included down to `pr_emerg` are displayed.
+
+Each logging function (they are actually macros) is a wrapper that automatically sets the desired **log level**. Each log level is identified by a number, and declared as follows:
+```C
+#define LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT (-1) ///< default-level messages.
+#define LOGLEVEL_EMERG   0    ///< system is unusable.
+#define LOGLEVEL_ALERT   1    ///< action must be taken immediately.
+#define LOGLEVEL_CRIT    2    ///< critical conditions.
+#define LOGLEVEL_ERR     3    ///< error conditions.
+#define LOGLEVEL_WARNING 4    ///< warning conditions.
+#define LOGLEVEL_NOTICE  5    ///< normal but significant condition.
+#define LOGLEVEL_INFO    6    ///< informational.
+#define LOGLEVEL_DEBUG   7    ///< debug-level messages.
+```
+
+You can change the logging level by including the following lines at the beginning of your source code:
+```C
+// Include the kernel log levels.
+#include "sys/kernel_levels.h"
+/// Change the header.
+#define __DEBUG_HEADER__ "[ATA   ]"
+/// Set the log level.
+#define __DEBUG_LEVEL__ LOGLEVEL_INFO
+// Include the debuggin header.
+#include "io/debug.h"
+```
+This example sets the `__DEBUG_LEVEL__`, so that all the messages from `INFO` and below are shown. While `__DEBUG_HEADER__` is just a string that is automatically prepended to your message, helping you identifying from which code the message is coming from.
+
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
+
+## Change the scheduling algorithm
+
+MentOS supports scheduling algorithms for aperiodic:
+
+ - Round-Robin (RR)
+ - Highest Priority
+ - Completely Fair Scheduling (CFS)
+ - Aperiodic Earliest Deadline First (AEDF)
+
+It also supports periodic algorithms:
+
+ - Earliest Deadline First (EDF)
+ - Rate Monotonic (RM)
+
+If you want to change the scheduling algorithm, to Round-Robin (RR) for instance:
+
+```bash
 cd build
-
-# Round Robin scheduling algorithm
 cmake -DSCHEDULER_TYPE=SCHEDULER_RR ..
-# Priority scheduling algorithm
-cmake -DSCHEDULER_TYPE=SCHEDULER_PRIORITY ..
-# Completely Fair Scheduling algorithm
-cmake -DSCHEDULER_TYPE=SCHEDULER_CFS ..
-
 make
 make qemu
 ```
 
+or you can activate one of the others:
+
+```bash
+# Highest Priority
+cmake -DSCHEDULER_TYPE=SCHEDULER_PRIORITY ..
+# Completely Fair Scheduling (CFS)
+cmake -DSCHEDULER_TYPE=SCHEDULER_CFS      ..
+# Earliest Deadline First (EDF)
+cmake -DSCHEDULER_TYPE=SCHEDULER_EDF      ..
+# Rate Monotonic (RM)
+cmake -DSCHEDULER_TYPE=SCHEDULER_RM       ..
+# Aperiodic Earliest Deadline First (AEDF)
+cmake -DSCHEDULER_TYPE=SCHEDULER_AEDF     ..
+```
+
 Otherwise you can use `ccmake`:
 
 ```bash
@@ -142,8 +367,7 @@ ENABLE_BUDDY_SYSTEM              OFF
 SCHEDULER_TYPE                   SCHEDULER_RR
 ```
 
-Select SCHEDULER_TYPE, and type Enter to scroll the three available algorithms
+Select SCHEDULER_TYPE, and type Enter to scroll the three available algorithms (SCHEDULER_RR, SCHEDULER_PRIORITY, SCHEDULER_CFS, SCHEDULER_EDF, SCHEDULER_RM, SCHEDULER_AEDF). Afterwards, you need to
-(SCHEDULER_RR, SCHEDULER_PRIORITY, SCHEDULER_CFS). Afterwards,
 
 ```bash
 <press c>
@@ -152,29 +376,75 @@ make
 make qemu
 ```
 
-## 5. Use Debugger
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
 
-If you want to use GDB to debug MentOS:
+## Debugging the kernel
+
+If you want to use GDB to debug MentOS, first you need to compile everything:
 
 ```bash
 cd build
 cmake ..
 make
+```
+
+Then, you need to generate a file called `.gdbinit` placed inside the `build` directory, which will tell **gdb** which *object* file he needs to read in order to allow proper debugging. Basically, it provides for each binary file, the location of their `.text` section. To generate the file, just execute:
+```bash
+make gdbinit
+```
+
+Finally, you run qemu in debugging mode with:
+```bash
 make qemu-gdb
 ```
 
-If you did everything correctly, you should have 3 windows with:
+If you did everything correctly, you should see an empty QEMU window. Basically, QEMU is waiting for you to connect *remotely* with gdb. Anyway, running `make qemu-gdb` will make your current shell busy, you cannot call `gdb` in it. You need to open a new shell inside the `build` folder and do a:
+```bash
+gdb --quiet --command=gdb.run
+```
+or
+```bash
+cgdb --quiet --command=gdb.run
+```
 
-1. Kernel Booting on qemu
+Now you should have in front of you:
-2. Shell with video printing of statistics previously discussed
+ 1. the QEMU window waiting for you;
-3. Debugger cgdb with code screening
+ 2. the **first** shell where you ran `make qemu-gdb`, which is also waiting for you;
+ 3. the **second** shell where `gdb` is runnign and, you guessed it, is waiting for you.
 
-## Developers
+By default I placed a breakpoint at the begginning of (1) the *bootloader* and (2) the *kernel* itself.
 
-Main Developers:
+So, when gdb starts you need to first give a continue:
+```bash
+(gdb) continue
+```
+
+This will make the kernel run, and stop at the **first** breakpoint which is inside the *bootloader*:
+```bash
+Breakpoint 1, boot_main (...) at .../mentos/src/boot.c:220
+220     {
+```
+
+giving a second `continue` will get you to the start of the operating system:
+
+This will make the kernel run, and stop at the **second** breakpoint which is inside the *kernel*:
+```bash
+Breakpoint 2, kmain (...) at .../mentos/src/kernel.c:95
+95      {
+```
+
+There is also a launch configuration for vscode in `.vscode/launch.json`, called `(gdb) Attach`, which should allow you
+to connect to the running process.
+
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*
+
+## Contributors
+
+Project Manager:
 
 * [Enrico Fraccaroli](https://github.com/Galfurian)
-    - Mr. Wolf
+
+Developers:
 * [Alessandro Danese](https://github.com/alessandroDanese88), [Luigi Capogrosso](https://github.com/luigicapogrosso), [Mirco De Marchi](https://github.com/mircodemarchi)
     - Protection ring
     - libc
@@ -190,3 +460,9 @@ Main Developers:
     - Soft IRQs
     - Timer
     - Signals
+* And many other valuable contributors
+  * [rouseabout](https://github.com/rouseabout)
+  * [seekbytes](https://github.com/seekbytes)
+  * [fischerling](https://github.com/fischerling)
+
+*[Back to the Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)*

TODO.md

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-# TODOs

doc/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -2,36 +2,298 @@
 find_package(Doxygen)
 
 if (DOXYGEN_FOUND)
-    set(DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/doc_doxygen)
+    # Read the file with the version.
-    set(DOXYGEN_INDEX_FILE ${DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIR}/html/index.html)
+    file(READ ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/version.h version_file)
+    # Extract the OS version.
+    string(REGEX MATCH "OS_MAJOR_VERSION ([0-9]*)" _ ${version_file})
+    set(OS_MAJOR_VERSION ${CMAKE_MATCH_1})
+    string(REGEX MATCH "OS_MINOR_VERSION ([0-9]*)" _ ${version_file})
+    set(OS_MINOR_VERSION ${CMAKE_MATCH_1})
+    string(REGEX MATCH "OS_MICRO_VERSION ([0-9]*)" _ ${version_file})
+    set(OS_MICRO_VERSION ${CMAKE_MATCH_1})
+    # Setup the Doxygen documentation.
+    set(DOXYGEN_PROJECT_NAME "MentOS")
+    set(DOXYGEN_PROJECT_NUMBER "${OS_MAJOR_VERSION}.${OS_MINOR_VERSION}.${OS_MICRO_VERSION}")
+    set(DOXYGEN_PROJECT_BRIEF "The Mentoring Operating System")
+    set(DOXYGEN_USE_MDFILE_AS_MAINPAGE ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/README.md)
+    set(DOXYGEN_IMAGE_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/doc/resources)
+    set(DOXYGEN_SHOW_INCLUDE_FILES NO)
+    set(DOXYGEN_GENERATE_TREEVIEW NO)
+    set(DOXYGEN_WARN_NO_PARAMDOC YES)
 
-    # Replace variables inside @@ with the current values.
+    set(DOXYGEN_ENABLE_PREPROCESSING YES)
-    set(DOXYFILE_IN  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Doxygen)
+    set(DOXYGEN_EXTRACT_STATIC YES)
-    set(DOXYFILE_OUT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Doxygen)
+    set(DOXYGEN_MACRO_EXPANSION YES)
-    configure_file(${DOXYFILE_IN} ${DOXYFILE_OUT} @ONLY)
+    set(DOXYGEN_EXPAND_ONLY_PREDEF YES)
+    set(DOXYGEN_PREDEFINED "__attribute__((x))= _syscall0= _syscall0(x)= _syscall1(x)= _syscall2(x)= _syscall3(x)=")
 
-    # Copy the files needd by the documentation.
+    set(DOXYGEN_WARN_FORMAT "$file($line): $text")
-    set(DOXYFILE_CSS    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/doxygen.css)
+    set(DOXYGEN_HTML_STYLESHEET ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/doc/doxygen.css)
-    set(DOXYFILE_HEADER ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/header.html)
+    doxygen_add_docs(
-    set(DOXYFILE_FOOTER ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/footer.html)
+        mentos_documentation
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/README.md
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/LICENSE.md
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/doc/signal.md
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/doc/syscall.md
+        
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/boot.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/descriptor_tables/gdt.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/descriptor_tables/idt.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/descriptor_tables/isr.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/descriptor_tables/tss.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/devices/fpu.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/devices/pci.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/drivers/ata/ata.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/drivers/ata/ata_types.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/drivers/fdc.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/drivers/keyboard/keyboard.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/drivers/keyboard/keymap.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/drivers/mouse.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/drivers/ps2.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/drivers/rtc.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/elf/elf.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/fs/ext2.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/fs/ioctl.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/fs/procfs.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/fs/vfs.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/fs/vfs_types.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/hardware/cpuid.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/hardware/pic8259.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/hardware/timer.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/io/proc_modules.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/io/vga/vga.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/io/vga/vga_font.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/io/vga/vga_mode.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/io/vga/vga_palette.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/io/video.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/kernel.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/compiler.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/hashmap.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/irqflags.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/list.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/list_head.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/mutex.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/ndtree.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/rbtree.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/spinlock.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/stack_helper.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/klib/stdatomic.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/link_access.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/mem/buddysystem.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/mem/gfp.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/mem/kheap.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/mem/paging.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/mem/slab.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/mem/vmem_map.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/mem/zone_allocator.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/multiboot.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/process/prio.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/process/process.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/process/scheduler.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/process/wait.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/proc_access.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/sys/errno.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/sys/ipc.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/sys/module.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/sys/reboot.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/sys/types.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/sys/utsname.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/system/panic.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/system/printk.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/system/signal.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/system/syscall.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/inc/version.h
 
-    # Doxygen won't create this for us.
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/boot.c
-    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIR})
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/exception.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/gdt.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/idt.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/interrupt.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/tss.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/devices/fpu.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/devices/pci.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/drivers/ata.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/drivers/fdc.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/drivers/keyboard/keyboard.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/drivers/keyboard/keymap.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/drivers/mouse.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/drivers/ps2.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/drivers/rtc.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/elf/elf.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/ext2.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/ioctl.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/namei.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/open.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/procfs.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/readdir.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/read_write.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/stat.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/fs/vfs.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/hardware/cpuid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/hardware/pic8259.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/hardware/timer.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/io/debug.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/io/mm_io.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/io/proc_running.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/io/proc_system.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/io/proc_video.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/io/stdio.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/io/vga/vga.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/io/video.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/ipc/msg.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/ipc/sem.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/ipc/shm.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/kernel/sys.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/kernel.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/assert.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/ctype.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/fcvt.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/hashmap.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/libgen.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/list.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/math.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/mutex.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/ndtree.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/rbtree.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/spinlock.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/strerror.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/string.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/time.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/vscanf.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/klib/vsprintf.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/mem/buddysystem.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/mem/kheap.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/mem/paging.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/mem/slab.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/mem/vmem_map.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/mem/zone_allocator.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/multiboot.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/process/process.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/process/scheduler.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/process/scheduler_algorithm.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/process/wait.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/sys/module.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/sys/utsname.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/system/errno.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/system/panic.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/system/printk.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/system/signal.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/system/syscall.c
 
-    add_custom_command(
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/boot.S
-            OUTPUT ${DOXYGEN_INDEX_FILE}
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/exception.S
-            COMMAND ${DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE} ${DOXYFILE_OUT}
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/gdt.S
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/idt.S
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/interrupt.S
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/descriptor_tables/tss.S
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/mentos/src/process/user.S
 
-            MAIN_DEPENDENCY ${DOXYFILE_OUT} ${DOXYFILE_IN}
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/array.h
-            COMMENT "Generating docs"
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/assert.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/bits/ioctls.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/bits/stat.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/bits/termios-struct.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/ctype.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/fcntl.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/fcvt.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/grp.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/io/ansi_colors.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/io/debug.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/io/mm_io.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/io/port_io.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/ipc/ipc.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/ipc/msg.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/ipc/sem.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/ipc/shm.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/libgen.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/limits.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/math.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/pwd.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/ring_buffer.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sched.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/signal.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/stdarg.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/stdbool.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/stddef.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/stdint.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/stdio.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/stdlib.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/strerror.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/string.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/bitops.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/dirent.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/errno.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/ioctl.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/kernel_levels.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/reboot.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/stat.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/types.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/unistd.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/utsname.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/sys/wait.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/system/syscall_types.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/termios.h
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/inc/time.h
+
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/abort.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/assert.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/ctype.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/fcvt.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/grp.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/io/debug.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/io/mm_io.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/ipc/ipc.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/libc_start.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/libgen.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/math.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/pwd.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sched.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/setenv.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/stdio.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/stdlib.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/strerror.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/string.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/errno.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/ioctl.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/unistd.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/utsname.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/termios.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/time.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/chdir.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/close.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/creat.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/exec.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/exit.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/fork.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getcwd.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getdents.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getgid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getpgid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getpid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getppid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getsid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getuid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/interval.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/kill.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/lseek.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/mkdir.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/nice.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/open.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/read.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/reboot.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/rmdir.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/setgid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/setpgid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/setsid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/setuid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/signal.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/stat.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/unlink.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/waitpid.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/write.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/vscanf.c
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/vsprintf.c
+
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/crt0.S
     )
-    add_custom_target(
+endif (DOXYGEN_FOUND)
-            Doxygen
-            DEPENDS
-            ${DOXYGEN_INDEX_FILE}
-            ${DOXYFILE_IN}
-            ${DOXYFILE_CSS}
-            ${DOXYFILE_HEADER}
-            ${DOXYFILE_FOOTER}
-    )
-endif (DOXYGEN_FOUND)

doc/footer.html

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-<!-- HTML footer for doxygen 1.8.16-->
-<!-- start footer part -->
-<!--BEGIN GENERATE_TREEVIEW-->
-<div id="nav-path" class="navpath"><!-- id is needed for treeview function! -->
-    <ul>
-        $navpath
-        <li class="footer">$generatedby
-            <a href="http://www.doxygen.org/index.html">
-                <img class="footer" src="$relpath^doxygen.png" alt="doxygen"/>
-            </a> $doxygenversion
-        </li>
-    </ul>
-</div>
-<!--END GENERATE_TREEVIEW-->
-<!--BEGIN !GENERATE_TREEVIEW-->
-<div class="footer">
-    <hr class="footer"/>
-    <ul class="footer-info">
-        <li class="footer-info-lastmode">
-            This page was last modified on $datetime.
-        </li>
-        <li class="footer-info-copyright">
-            MentOs © 2014–2021 the MentOs team, and numerous contributors.<br>
-            It is available for use and modification under the&#160;
-            <a href="$relpath^md_LICENSE.html">MIT License</a>.<br>
-        </li>
-    </ul>
-    <hr class="footer"/>
-    <address class="footer">
-        $generatedby&#160;
-        <a href="http://www.doxygen.org/index.html">
-            <img class="footer" src="$relpath^doxygen.png" alt="doxygen"/>
-        </a> $doxygenversion
-    </address>
-</div>
-<!--END !GENERATE_TREEVIEW-->
-</body>
-</html>

doc/header.html

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-<!-- HTML header for doxygen 1.8.17-->
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
-        "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
-<head>
-    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/xhtml;charset=UTF-8"/>
-    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=9"/>
-    <meta name="generator" content="Doxygen $doxygenversion"/>
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/>
-    <!--BEGIN PROJECT_NAME--><title>$projectname: $title</title>
-    <!--END PROJECT_NAME-->
-    <!--BEGIN !PROJECT_NAME--><title>$title</title><!--END !PROJECT_NAME-->
-    <link href="$relpath^tabs.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
-    <script type="text/javascript" src="$relpath^jquery.js"></script>
-    <script type="text/javascript" src="$relpath^dynsections.js"></script>
-    $treeview
-    $search
-    $mathjax
-    <link href="$relpath^$stylesheet" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
-    $extrastylesheet
-</head>
-<body>
-<div id="top"><!-- do not remove this div, it is closed by doxygen! -->
-
-    <!--BEGIN TITLEAREA-->
-    <div id="titlearea">
-        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
-            <tbody>
-            <tr style="height: 56px;">
-                <!--BEGIN PROJECT_LOGO-->
-                <td id="projectlogo"><img alt="Logo"
-                                          src="$relpath^$projectlogo"/></td>
-                <!--END PROJECT_LOGO-->
-                <!--BEGIN PROJECT_NAME-->
-                <td id="projectalign" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">
-                    <div id="projectname">$projectname
-                        <!--BEGIN PROJECT_NUMBER-->&#160;<span
-                                id="projectnumber">$projectnumber</span>
-                        <!--END PROJECT_NUMBER-->
-                    </div>
-                    <!--BEGIN PROJECT_BRIEF-->
-                    <div id="projectbrief">$projectbrief</div>
-                    <!--END PROJECT_BRIEF-->
-                </td>
-                <!--END PROJECT_NAME-->
-                <!--BEGIN !PROJECT_NAME-->
-                <!--BEGIN PROJECT_BRIEF-->
-                <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">
-                    <div id="projectbrief">$projectbrief</div>
-                </td>
-                <!--END PROJECT_BRIEF-->
-                <!--END !PROJECT_NAME-->
-                <!--BEGIN DISABLE_INDEX-->
-                <!--BEGIN SEARCHENGINE-->
-                <td>$searchbox</td>
-                <!--END SEARCHENGINE-->
-                <!--END DISABLE_INDEX-->
-            </tr>
-            </tbody>
-        </table>
-    </div>
-    <!--END TITLEAREA-->
-    <!-- end header part -->

doc/scan_codes_it.md

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+
+#define KEY_LEFT_WIN      0xE05b
+#define KEY_RIGHT_WIN     0xE05c
+
+                        Normal  Shifted Ctrl    Alt
+KEY_A               0x001E  A           0x1E61  0x1E41  0x1E01  0x1E00  
+KEY_B               0x0030  B           0x3062  0x3042  0x3002  0x3000  
+KEY_C               0x002E  C           0x2E63  0x2E42  0x2E03  0x2E00  
+KEY_D               0x0020  D           0x2064  0x2044  0x2004  0x2000  
+KEY_E               0x0012  E           0x1265  0x1245  0x1205  0x1200  
+KEY_F               0x0021  F           0x2166  0x2146  0x2106  0x2100  
+KEY_G               0x0022  G           0x2267  0x2247  0x2207  0x2200  
+KEY_H               0x0023  H           0x2368  0x2348  0x2308  0x2300  
+KEY_I               0x0017  I           0x1769  0x1749  0x1709  0x1700  
+KEY_J               0x0024  J           0x246A  0x244A  0x240A  0x2400  
+KEY_K               0x0025  K           0x256B  0x254B  0x250B  0x2500  
+KEY_L               0x0026  L           0x266C  0x264C  0x260C  0x2600  
+KEY_M               0x0032  M           0x326D  0x324D  0x320D  0x3200  
+KEY_N               0x0031  N           0x316E  0x314E  0x310E  0x3100  
+KEY_O               0x0018  O           0x186F  0x184F  0x180F  0x1800  
+KEY_P               0x0019  P           0x1970  0x1950  0x1910  0x1900  
+KEY_Q               0x0010  Q           0x1071  0x1051  0x1011  0x1000  
+KEY_R               0x0013  R           0x1372  0x1352  0x1312  0x1300  
+KEY_S               0x001F  S           0x1F73  0x1F53  0x1F13  0x1F00  
+KEY_T               0x0014  T           0x1474  0x1454  0x1414  0x1400  
+KEY_U               0x0016  U           0x1675  0x1655  0x1615  0x1600  
+KEY_V               0x002F  V           0x2F76  0x2F56  0x2F16  0x2F00  
+KEY_W               0x0011  W           0x1177  0x1157  0x1117  0x1100  
+KEY_X               0x002D  X           0x2D78  0x2D58  0x2D18  0x2D00  
+KEY_Y               0x0015  Y           0x1579  0x1559  0x1519  0x1500  
+KEY_Z               0x002C  Z           0x2C7A  0x2C5A  0x2C1A  0x2C00
+
+KEY_1               0x0002  1 !         0x0231  0x0221  0x0000  0x7800
+KEY_2               0x0003  2 "         0x0332  0x0322  0x0300  0x7900
+KEY_3               0x0004  3 £         0x0433  0x049C  0x0000  0x7A00
+KEY_4               0x0005  4 $         0x0534  0x0524  0x0000  0x7B00
+KEY_5               0x0006  5 %         0x0635  0x0625  0x0000  0x7C00
+KEY_6               0x0007  6 &         0x0736  0x075E  0x071E  0x7D00
+KEY_7               0x0008  7 /         0x0837  0x0826  0x0000  0x7E00
+KEY_8               0x0009  8 (         0x0938  0x0928  0x0000  0x7F00
+KEY_9               0x000A  9 )         0x0A39  0x0A29  0x0000  0x8000
+KEY_0               0x000B  0 =         0x0B30  0x0B3D  0x0000  0x8100
+
+KEY_GRAVE           0x0029  \ |         0x295C  0x297C  0x0000  0x2900
+KEY_APOSTROPHE      0x000C  ' ?         0x0C27  0x0C3F  0x0000  0x8200
+KEY_I_ACC           0x000D  ì ^         0x0D8D  0x0D5E  0x0000  0x8300
+KEY_LEFT_BRAKET     0x001A  è é [       0x1A8A  0x1A82  0x0000  0x1A5B
+KEY_RIGHT_BRAKET    0x001B  + * ]       0x1B2B  0x1B2A  0x0000  0x1B5D
+KEY_SEMICOLON       0x0027  ò ç @       0x2795  0x2780  0x0000  0x2740
+KEY_DOUBLE_QUOTES   0x0028  à ° #       0x2885  0x28A7  0x0000  0x2823
+KEY_BACKSLASH       0x002B  ù §         0x2B97  0x2BA7  0x0000  0x2B00
+KEY_KP_LESS         0x0056  < >         0x563C  0x563E  0x0000  0x5600
+KEY_COMMA           0x0033  , ;         0x332C  0x333B  0x0000  0x3300
+KEY_PERIOD          0x0034  . :         0x342E  0x343A  0x0000  0x3400
+KEY_MINUS           0x0035  - _         0x352D  0x355F  0x0000  0x3500
+
+KEY_F1              0x003B  F1          0x3B00  0x5400  0x5E00  0x6800
+KEY_F2              0x003C  F2          0x3C00  0x5500  0x5F00  0x6900
+KEY_F3              0x003D  F3          0x3D00  0x5600  0x6000  0x6A00
+KEY_F4              0x003E  F4          0x3E00  0x5700  0x6100  0x6B00
+KEY_F5              0x003F  F5          0x3F00  0x5800  0x6200  0x6C00
+KEY_F6              0x0040  F6          0x4000  0x5900  0x6300  0x6D00
+KEY_F7              0x0041  F7          0x4100  0x5A00  0x6400  0x6E00
+KEY_F8              0x0042  F8          0x4200  0x5B00  0x6500  0x6F00
+KEY_F9              0x0043  F9          0x4300  0x5C00  0x6600  0x7000
+KEY_F10             0x0044  F10         0x4400  0x5D00  0x6700  0x7100
+KEY_F11             0x0057  F11         0x5700  0x5900  0x5B00  0x5D00
+KEY_F12             0x0058  F12         0x5800  0x5A00  0x5C00  0x5E00
+
+KEY_BACKSPACE       0x000E  BackSpace   0x0E08  0x0E08  0x0E7F  0x0E00
+KEY_ENTER           0x001C  Enter       0x1C0D  0x1C0D  0x1C0A  0xA600
+KEY_ESCAPE          0x0001  Esc         0x011B  0x011B  0x011B  0x0100
+KEY_TAB             0x000F  Tab         0x0F09  0x0F00  0x9400  0xA500
+KEY_SPACE           0x0039  SpaceBar    0x3920  0x3920  0x3920  0x3920
+
+KEY_INSERT          0xE052  Ins         0x5200  0x5230  0x9200  0xA200
+KEY_HOME            0xE047  Home        0x4700  0x4737  0x7700  0x9700
+KEY_PAGE_UP         0xE049  PgUp        0x4900  0x4939  0x8400  0x9900
+KEY_DELETE          0xE053  Del         0x5300  0x532E  0x9300  0xA300
+KEY_END             0xE04F  End         0x4F00  0x4F31  0x7500  0x9F00
+KEY_PAGE_DOWN       0xE051  PgDn        0x5100  0x5133  0x7600  0xA100
+
+KEY_UP_ARROW        0xE048  Up Arrow    0x4800  0x4838  0x8D00  0x9800
+KEY_DOWN_ARROW      0xE050  Down Arrow  0x5000  0x5032  0x9100  0xA000
+KEY_LEFT_ARROW      0xE04B  Left Arrow  0x4B00  0x4B34  0x7300  0x9B00
+KEY_RIGHT_ARROW     0xE04D  Right Arrow 0x4D00  0x4D36  0x7400  0x9D00
+
+KEY_KP_DIV          0xE035  Kp.Div      0xE035  0xE035  0x3500  0x3500
+KEY_KP_MUL          0x0037  Kp.Mul      0x372A  0x372A  0x3700  0x3700
+KEY_KP_SUB          0x004A  Kp.Sub      0x4A2D  0x4A2D  0x4A00  0x4A00
+KEY_KP_ADD          0x004E  Kp.Add      0x4E2B  0x4E2B  0x4E00  0x4E00
+KEY_KP_RETURN       0xE01C  Kp.Enter    0xE01C  0xE01C  0x1C00  0x1C00
+
+KEY_KP7             0x0047              0x4737  0x4737  0x4700  0x4700
+KEY_KP8             0x0048              0x4838  0x4838  0x4800  0x4800
+KEY_KP9             0x0049              0x4939  0x4939  0x4900  0x4900
+KEY_KP4             0x004B              0x4B34  0x4B34  0x4B00  0x4B00
+KEY_KP5             0x004C              0x4C35  0x4C35  0x4C00  0x4C00
+KEY_KP6             0x004D              0x4D36  0x4D36  0x4D00  0x4D00
+KEY_KP1             0x004F              0x4F31  0x4F31  0x4F00  0x4F00
+KEY_KP2             0x0050              0x5032  0x5032  0x5000  0x5000
+KEY_KP3             0x0051              0x5133  0x5133  0x5100  0x5100
+KEY_KP0             0x0052              0x5230  0x5230  0x5200  0x5200
+
+KEY_KP_DEC          0x0053              0x532E  0x532E  0x5300  0x5300

doc/syscall.md

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ specifically:
 
 1. Implemented
 2. Tested
+X. Obsolete
 
 If the column is empty it means that it's not implemented yet.
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ If the column is empty it means that it's not implemented yet.
  2 | 5   | sys_open                   | fs/open.c                   | const char *             | int                          | int                     | -               | -                |
  2 | 6   | sys_close                  | fs/open.c                   | int                      | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
  2 | 7   | sys_waitpid                | kernel/exit.c               | pid_t                    | unsigned int *               | int                     | -               | -                |
-   | 8   | sys_creat                  | fs/open.c                   | const char *             | int                          | -                       | -               | -                |
+ 2 | 8   | sys_creat                  | fs/open.c                   | const char *             | int                          | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 9   | sys_link                   | fs/namei.c                  | const char *             | const char *                 | -                       | -               | -                |
  2 | 10  | sys_unlink                 | fs/namei.c                  | const char *             | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
  2 | 11  | sys_execve                 | arch/i386/kernel/process.c  | struct pt_regs           | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
@@ -36,11 +37,11 @@ If the column is empty it means that it's not implemented yet.
  2 | 20  | sys_getpid                 | kernel/sched.c              | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 21  | sys_mount                  | fs/super.c                  | char *                   | char *                       | char *                  | -               | -                |
    | 22  | sys_oldumount              | fs/super.c                  | char *                   | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
-   | 23  | sys_setuid                 | kernel/sys.c                | uid_t                    | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
+ 2 | 23  | sys_setuid                 | kernel/sys.c                | uid_t                    | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
-   | 24  | sys_getuid                 | kernel/sched.c              | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
+ 2 | 24  | sys_getuid                 | kernel/sched.c              | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 25  | sys_stime                  | kernel/time.c               | int *                    | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 26  | sys_ptrace                 | arch/i386/kernel/ptrace.c   | long                     | long                         | long                    | long            | -                |
-   | 27  | sys_alarm                  | kernel/sched.c              | unsigned int             | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
+ 2 | 27  | sys_alarm                  | kernel/sched.c              | unsigned int             | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
  2 | 28  | sys_fstat                  | fs/stat.c                   | unsigned int             | struct __old_kernel_stat *   | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 29  | sys_pause                  | arch/i386/kernel/sys_i386.c | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 30  | sys_utime                  | fs/open.c                   | char *                   | struct utimbuf *             | -                       | -               | -                |
@@ -55,8 +56,8 @@ If the column is empty it means that it's not implemented yet.
    | 42  | sys_pipe                   | arch/i386/kernel/sys_i386.c | unsigned long *          | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 43  | sys_times                  | kernel/sys.c                | struct tms *             | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
  2 | 45  | sys_brk                    | mm/mmap.c                   | unsigned long            | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
-   | 46  | sys_setgid                 | kernel/sys.c                | gid_t                    | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
+ 2 | 46  | sys_setgid                 | kernel/sys.c                | gid_t                    | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
-   | 47  | sys_getgid                 | kernel/sched.c              | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
+ 2 | 47  | sys_getgid                 | kernel/sched.c              | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
  1 | 48  | sys_signal                 | kernel/signal.c             | int                      | __sighandler_t               | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 49  | sys_geteuid                | kernel/sched.c              | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 50  | sys_getegid                | kernel/sched.c              | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ If the column is empty it means that it's not implemented yet.
    | 52  | sys_umount                 | fs/super.c                  | char *                   | int                          | -                       | -               | -                |
  1 | 54  | sys_ioctl                  | fs/ioctl.c                  | unsigned int             | unsigned int                 | unsigned long           | -               | -                |
    | 55  | sys_fcntl                  | fs/fcntl.c                  | unsigned int             | unsigned int                 | unsigned long           | -               | -                |
-   | 57  | sys_setpgid                | kernel/sys.c                | pid_t                    | pid_t                        | -                       | -               | -                |
+ 2 | 57  | sys_setpgid                | kernel/sys.c                | pid_t                    | pid_t                        | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 59  | sys_olduname               | arch/i386/kernel/sys_i386.c | struct oldold_utsname *  | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 60  | sys_umask                  | kernel/sys.c                | int                      | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 61  | sys_chroot                 | fs/open.c                   | const char *             | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
@@ -72,10 +73,10 @@ If the column is empty it means that it's not implemented yet.
    | 63  | sys_dup2                   | fs/fcntl.c                  | unsigned int             | unsigned int                 | -                       | -               | -                |
  2 | 64  | sys_getppid                | kernel/sched.c              | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 65  | sys_getpgrp                | kernel/sys.c                | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
-   | 66  | sys_setsid                 | kernel/sys.c                | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
+ 2 | 66  | sys_setsid                 | kernel/sys.c                | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
  1 | 67  | sys_sigaction              | arch/i386/kernel/signal.c   | int                      | const struct old_sigaction * | struct old_sigaction *  | -               | -                |
-   | 68  | sys_sgetmask               | kernel/signal.c             | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
+ X | 68  | sys_sgetmask               | kernel/signal.c             | -                        | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
-   | 69  | sys_ssetmask               | kernel/signal.c             | int                      | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
+ X | 69  | sys_ssetmask               | kernel/signal.c             | int                      | -                            | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 70  | sys_setreuid               | kernel/sys.c                | uid_t                    | uid_t                        | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 71  | sys_setregid               | kernel/sys.c                | gid_t                    | gid_t                        | -                       | -               | -                |
    | 72  | sys_sigsuspend             | arch/i386/kernel/signal.c   | int                      | int                          | old_sigset_t            | -               | -                |

files/README

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-MentOS 0.1
+MentOS 0.6.0
 
 Welcome to the MentOS, the Mentoring Operating System.
 
-If you want some help enter the "help" command into the cli.
+If you want some help enter the "man" command into the cli.
 
 Bye,
 The Ment(OS) Team
-

files/etc/motd

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Call `man` to have a list of all the commands.

files/etc/passwd

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-root:root:0:0:Root User:/:/bin/shell
+root:root:0:0:Root User:/root:/bin/shell
-user:user:1000:1000:Normal User:/home/user:/bin/shell
+user:user:1000:1000:Normal User:/home/user:/bin/shell

files/home/test6.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-io ti vi bi!

files/home/user/README

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../README

files/home/user/test7.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-tanto questa e' solo una prova :\

files/test1.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-ciao mondo

files/test2.txt

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-come va ?
-AAA
-

files/test3.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-bho, io credo bene eh eh eh

files/test4.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-tanto questa e' solo una prova :\

files/test5.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-io ti vi bi!

files/usr/share/man/cat.man

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+SYNOPSIS
+    cat [FILE]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+    Prints the content of the given file.
+
+OPTIONS
+    -h --help : shows command help.

files/usr/share/man/clear.man

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+SYNOPSIS
+    clear
+
+DESCRIPTION
+    Clears the screen.

files/usr/share/man/cpuid.man

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+SYNOPSIS
+    cpuid
+
+DESCRIPTION
+    Not currently implemented.

files/usr/share/man/date.man

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+SYNOPSIS
+    date
+
+DESCRIPTION
+    Shows the current date.

files/usr/share/man/echo.man

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+SYNOPSIS
+    echo [STRING]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+    Displays a line of text.
+    

files/usr/share/man/ipcs.man

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+SYNOPSIS
+	ipcs [options]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+	Ipcs shows information on System V inter-process communication facilities.

files/usr/share/man/ls.man

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+SYNOPSIS
+    ls [OPTIONS] [FILE/FOLDER]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+    List information about the given file, or the files contained in the given
+    folder. If not argument is provided it will list information about files
+    inside the current folder.
+    
+OPTIONS
+    -h --help : shows command help.
+    -a --all  : list all entries.
+    -l --long : show the entries as a detailed long list.

files/usr/share/man/start.man

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+SYNOPSIS
+    start [OPTIONS] [FILE]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+    Start a recording session aimed at displaying an ordered list of 50 items 
+    containing information about the processes that the CPU has just processed.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+    -h: shows command help. //non funziona per ora lol
+    -p: start the session with generated children
+    -f [FILE]: start the session launching a specified program

initscp/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Initialize the project.
-project(initfscp C)
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Set the project name.
-set(PROJECT_NAME initfscp)
-
-if (CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
-    set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER gcc)
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER g++)
-    set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "")
-endif (CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Set the compiler options (original).
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -g3")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -ggdb")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -std=gnu99")
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Add the source files.
-set(SOURCE_FILES src/initfscp.c)
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Add the executable.
-add_executable(initfscp ${SOURCE_FILES})
-
-

initscp/README.md

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-----
-README
-initfscp - Autore di questa guida: Aleksej
-----
-
-initfscp e' un programma che serve a creare un'immagine contenente il file system utilizzato da MentOS.
-Consente di inserirci dei files e/o dei mountpoint (massimo 32) all'interno. 
-Per far ciò digitare il comando "initfscp [-m mountpoint1 -m mountpoint2 ... -m mountpoint n] file1 file2 ... nomefs" 
-
-dove:
-- -m mountpoint1 -m mountpoint2 ... -m mountpoint n (facoltativo) indicano i mountpoint da inserire nel filesystem appena creato. 
-- "file1 file2 ..." sono i files che inseriremo nel filesystem,
-- "nomefs" è il nome che daremo all'immagine.
-Ad esempio vogliamo inserire i file topolino, pippo e paperino nell'immagine che chiameremo disney, quindi digitiamo:
-  initfscp topolino pippo paperino disney
-così facendo initfscp genererà l'immagine disney.
-
-Altri comandi disponibili:
---help (-h) per visualizzare una guida più sintetica.
---version (-v) per visualizzare la versione utilizzata attualmente di initfscp.

initscp/src/initfscp.c

@@ -1,404 +0,0 @@
-/// @file   initfscp.c
-/// @brief
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <libgen.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-
-#define INITFSCP_VER "0.3.0"
-
-#define INITRD_NAME_MAX    255
-#define INITRD_MAX_FILES   128
-#define INITRD_MAX_FS_SIZE 1048576
-
-#define RESET   "\033[00m"
-#define BLACK   "\033[30m"
-#define RED     "\033[31m"
-#define GREEN   "\033[32m"
-#define YELLOW  "\033[33m"
-#define BLUE    "\033[34m"
-#define MAGENTA "\033[35m"
-#define CYAN    "\033[36m"
-#define WHITE   "\033[37m"
-
-static const char dt_char_array[] = {
-    '?', // DT_UNKNOWN = 0,
-    'p', //DT_FIFO = 1,
-    'c', //DT_CHR  = 2,
-    '*',
-    'd', //DT_DIR  = 4,
-    '*',
-    'b', //DT_BLK  = 6,
-    '*',
-    '-', //DT_REG  = 8,
-    '*',
-    'l', //DT_LNK  = 10,
-    '*',
-    's', //DT_SOCK = 12,
-    '*',
-    '?', //DT_WHT  = 14
-};
-
-/// @brief Information concerning a file.
-typedef struct initrd_file_t {
-    /// Number used as delimiter, it must be set to 0xBF.
-    int magic;
-    /// The inode of the file.
-    unsigned int inode;
-    /// The name of the file.
-    char name[INITRD_NAME_MAX];
-    /// The type of the file.
-    short int file_type;
-    /// The permissions mask.
-    unsigned int mask;
-    /// The id of the owner.
-    unsigned int uid;
-    /// The id of the group.
-    unsigned int gid;
-    /// Time of last access.
-    unsigned int atime;
-    /// Time of last data modification.
-    unsigned int mtime;
-    /// Time of last status change.
-    unsigned int ctime;
-    /// Offset of the starting address.
-    unsigned int offset;
-    /// Dimension of the file.
-    unsigned int length;
-} __attribute__((aligned(16))) initrd_file_t;
-
-/// @brief The details regarding the filesystem.
-/// @brief Contains the number of files inside the initrd filesystem.
-typedef struct initrd_t {
-    /// Number of files.
-    unsigned int nfiles;
-    /// List of headers.
-    initrd_file_t headers[INITRD_MAX_FILES];
-} __attribute__((aligned(16))) initrd_t;
-
-// Prepare a variable to keep track of the offsets inside the FS. By
-//  default skip the initial space for the FS details structure.
-static int fs_offset = sizeof(initrd_t);
-
-static inline void usage(char *prgname)
-{
-    printf("Usage:\n");
-    printf(" %s --help        For this screen\n", prgname);
-    printf(" %s --source [-s] The source directory.\n", prgname);
-    printf(" %s --target [-t] The target file for the initrd.\n", prgname);
-}
-
-static inline void version(char *prgname)
-{
-    printf("%s version: %s\n", prgname, INITFSCP_VER);
-}
-
-static inline int is_option_mount_point(char *arg)
-{
-    return ((strcmp(arg, "-m") == 0) || (strcmp(arg, "--mountpoint") == 0));
-}
-
-static inline int is_option_source(char *arg)
-{
-    return ((strcmp(arg, "-s") == 0) || (strcmp(arg, "--source") == 0));
-}
-
-static inline int is_option_target(char *arg)
-{
-    return ((strcmp(arg, "-t") == 0) || (strcmp(arg, "--target") == 0));
-}
-
-static int open_target_fs(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-    printf("%-64s", "Opening target filesystem...");
-    int fd = -1;
-    for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-        if (is_option_target(argv[i]) && ((i + 1) < argc)) {
-            fd = open(argv[i + 1], O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-    if (fd == -1)
-        printf("[" RED "FAILED" RESET "]\n\n");
-    else
-        printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n\n");
-    return fd;
-}
-
-static void init_headers(initrd_t *initrd)
-{
-    printf("%-64s", "Initializing headers structures...");
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < INITRD_MAX_FILES; i++) {
-        initrd->headers[i].magic     = 0xBF;
-        initrd->headers[i].inode     = i;
-        initrd->headers[i].file_type = 0;
-        initrd->headers[i].mask      = 0;
-        initrd->headers[i].uid       = 0;
-        initrd->headers[i].gid       = 0;
-        initrd->headers[i].atime     = time(NULL);
-        initrd->headers[i].mtime     = time(NULL);
-        initrd->headers[i].ctime     = time(NULL);
-        initrd->headers[i].offset    = 0;
-        initrd->headers[i].length    = 0;
-
-        memset(initrd->headers[i].name, 0, INITRD_NAME_MAX);
-    }
-    printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n\n");
-}
-
-static int create_file_headers(initrd_t *initrd, char *mountpoint, char *directory)
-{
-    assert(mountpoint && "Received null mountpoint.");
-    assert(directory && "Received null directory.");
-
-    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    char directory_path_abs[PATH_MAX], entry_path_abs[PATH_MAX], fs_abs_path[PATH_MAX];
-    memset(directory_path_abs, 0, PATH_MAX);
-    memset(entry_path_abs, 0, PATH_MAX);
-    memset(fs_abs_path, 0, PATH_MAX);
-    strcpy(directory_path_abs, mountpoint);
-    strcat(directory_path_abs, directory);
-
-    int dir_fd = open(directory_path_abs, O_RDONLY);
-    if (dir_fd == -1) {
-        printf("[" RED "FAILED" RESET "]\n");
-        printf("Could not open source directory %s.\n", directory_path_abs);
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    char buffer[BUFSIZ], *ebuf;
-    off_t basep;
-    int nbytes;
-    while ((nbytes = getdirentries(dir_fd, buffer, BUFSIZ, &basep)) > 0) {
-        ebuf     = buffer + nbytes;
-        char *cp = buffer;
-        while (cp < ebuf) {
-            struct dirent *entry = (struct dirent *)cp;
-            if ((strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0) || (strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0)) {
-                cp += entry->d_reclen;
-                continue;
-            }
-            // Create the host machine absolute path.
-            strcpy(entry_path_abs, directory_path_abs);
-            strcat(entry_path_abs, "/");
-            strcat(entry_path_abs, entry->d_name);
-            // Create the filesystem absolute path.
-            strcpy(fs_abs_path, directory);
-            strcat(fs_abs_path, "/");
-            strcat(fs_abs_path, entry->d_name);
-            // Print the entry.
-            printf("[%3d] ENTRY: %-52s", initrd->nfiles, fs_abs_path);
-            // Stat the file.
-            struct stat _stat;
-            if (stat(entry_path_abs, &_stat) == -1) {
-                printf("[" RED "FAILED" RESET "]\n");
-                printf("Error while executing stat on file : %s\n", entry_path_abs);
-                return 0;
-            }
-            printf("[%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c]",
-                   dt_char_array[entry->d_type],
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IRUSR) != 0 ? 'r' : '-',
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IWUSR) != 0 ? 'w' : '-',
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IXUSR) != 0 ? 'x' : '-',
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IRGRP) != 0 ? 'r' : '-',
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IWGRP) != 0 ? 'w' : '-',
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IXGRP) != 0 ? 'x' : '-',
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IROTH) != 0 ? 'r' : '-',
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IWOTH) != 0 ? 'w' : '-',
-                   (_stat.st_mode & S_IXOTH) != 0 ? 'x' : '-');
-
-            if (entry->d_type != DT_DIR) {
-                // ----------------------------------------------------------------
-                // Copy the name and the main info.
-                strcpy(initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].name, fs_abs_path);
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].file_type = DT_REG;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].length    = _stat.st_size;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].offset    = fs_offset;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].mask      = _stat.st_mode;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].uid       = _stat.st_uid;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].gid       = _stat.st_gid;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].atime     = _stat.st_atim.tv_sec;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].mtime     = _stat.st_mtim.tv_sec;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].ctime     = _stat.st_ctim.tv_sec;
-
-                // ----------------------------------------------------------------
-                printf("[OFFSET:%6d]", initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].offset);
-                printf("[SIZE:%6d]", initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].length);
-                printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n");
-
-                fs_offset += initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].length;
-                ++initrd->nfiles;
-            } else {
-                // ----------------------------------------------------------------
-                strcpy(initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].name, fs_abs_path);
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].file_type = DT_DIR;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].length    = _stat.st_size;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].offset    = fs_offset;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].mask      = _stat.st_mode;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].uid       = _stat.st_uid;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].gid       = _stat.st_gid;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].atime     = _stat.st_atim.tv_sec;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].mtime     = _stat.st_mtim.tv_sec;
-                initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].ctime     = _stat.st_ctim.tv_sec;
-
-                // ----------------------------------------------------------------
-                printf("[OFFSET:%6d]", initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].offset);
-                printf("[SIZE:%6d]", initrd->headers[initrd->nfiles].length);
-                printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n");
-
-                // ----------------------------------------------------------------
-                ++initrd->nfiles;
-
-                // ----------------------------------------------------------------
-                if (!create_file_headers(initrd, mountpoint, fs_abs_path)) {
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            cp += entry->d_reclen;
-        }
-    }
-    close(dir_fd);
-    return 1;
-}
-
-static int write_file_system(initrd_t *initrd, int target_fd, char *mountpoint)
-{
-    printf("Copying data to filesystem...\n");
-    for (int i = 0; i < INITRD_MAX_FILES; i++) {
-        // --------------------------------------------------------------------
-        char absolute_path[256];
-        memset(absolute_path, 0, 256);
-        strcpy(absolute_path, mountpoint);
-        strcat(absolute_path, initrd->headers[i].name);
-
-        // --------------------------------------------------------------------
-        if (initrd->headers[i].file_type == DT_REG) {
-            FILE *fd2 = fopen(absolute_path, "r+");
-            if (fd2 == NULL) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            printf("[%3d] FILE: %-92s", i, absolute_path);
-            char *buffer = (char *)malloc(initrd->headers[i].length);
-            fread(buffer, 1, initrd->headers[i].length, fd2);
-            // Write the content.
-            write(target_fd, buffer, initrd->headers[i].length);
-
-            printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n");
-            fclose(fd2);
-            free(buffer);
-        }
-    }
-    printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n\n");
-    return 1;
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-    printf("Welcome to MentOS initrd file copier tool\n\n");
-    if (argc <= 1) {
-        if (argv[0][0] == '.') {
-            version(argv[0] + 2);
-        }
-        usage(argv[0]);
-        return EXIT_FAILURE;
-    }
-    if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--version") || !strcmp(argv[1], "-v")) {
-        version(argv[0] + 2);
-        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-    }
-    if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--help") || !strcmp(argv[1], "-h")) {
-        usage(argv[0]);
-        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-    }
-
-    // Create the filesystem details structure.
-    initrd_t initrd;
-    // Target fs file descriptor.
-    int target_fd;
-
-    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    // Open the fs.
-    if ((target_fd = open_target_fs(argc, argv)) == -1) {
-        printf("Could not open target FileSystem.\n");
-        return EXIT_FAILURE;
-    }
-
-    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    // Initialize the headers.
-    init_headers(&initrd);
-
-    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    // Create file headers.
-    printf("Creating headers...\n");
-    for (unsigned int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-        if (is_option_source(argv[i]) && ((i + 1) < argc)) {
-            // ----------------------------------------------------------------
-            strcpy(initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].name, "/");
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].file_type = DT_DIR;
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].length    = 0;
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].offset    = fs_offset;
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].mask      = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].uid       = 0;
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].gid       = 0;
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].atime     = time(NULL);
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].mtime     = time(NULL);
-            initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].ctime     = time(NULL);
-
-            printf("[%3d] DIR : %-52s", initrd.nfiles, initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].name);
-            printf("[" BLUE "OPEN" RESET "]");
-            printf("[OFFSET:%6d]", initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].offset);
-            printf("[SIZE:%6d]", initrd.headers[initrd.nfiles].length);
-            printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n");
-            ++initrd.nfiles;
-
-            // ----------------------------------------------------------------
-            if (!create_file_headers(&initrd, argv[i + 1], "")) {
-                printf("Could not create file headers.\n");
-                close(target_fd);
-                return EXIT_FAILURE;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n\n");
-
-    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    // Copying information about headers on filesystem.
-    printf("%-64s", "Copying the filesystem's details structure...");
-    write(target_fd, &initrd, sizeof(initrd_t));
-    printf("[" GREEN "DONE" RESET "]\n\n");
-
-    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    // Write headers on filesystem.
-    for (unsigned int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
-        if (is_option_source(argv[i]) && ((i + 1) < argc)) {
-            if (!write_file_system(&initrd, target_fd, argv[i + 1])) {
-                printf("Could not write on filesystem.\n");
-                close(target_fd);
-                return EXIT_FAILURE;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    lseek(target_fd, 0L, SEEK_SET);
-    size_t fs_size = lseek(target_fd, 0L, SEEK_END);
-    printf("FS size : %ld\n", fs_size);
-    if (fs_size < INITRD_MAX_FS_SIZE - 1) {
-        printf("Extend FS size to : %d\n", INITRD_MAX_FS_SIZE - 1);
-        lseek(target_fd, INITRD_MAX_FS_SIZE - 1, SEEK_SET);
-        write(target_fd, 0, 1);
-    }
-    close(target_fd);
-    return 0;
-}

iso/boot/grub/grub.cfg

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+set timeout=5
+set default=0
+
+menuentry "MentOS" {
+     multiboot /boot/kernel-bootloader.bin
+     boot
+}

libc/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,140 +1,77 @@
 # =============================================================================
-# Author: Enrico Fraccaroli
+# LIBRARY
 # =============================================================================
-# Set the minimum required version of cmake.
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
-# Initialize the project.
-project(libc C ASM)
 
-# =============================================================================
-# Set the default build type to Debug.
-if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
-  message(STATUS "Setting build type to 'Debug' as none was specified.")
-  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE
-      "Debug"
-      CACHE STRING "Choose the type of build." FORCE)
-endif()
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Enable the assembly language.
-enable_language(ASM)
-# Find the NASM compiler.
-find_program(ASM_COMPILER
-    NAMES nasm
-    HINTS /usr/bin/ ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/third_party/nasm/bin
-)
-# Check that we have found the compiler.
-if(NOT ASM_COMPILER)
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "ASM compiler not found!")
-endif(NOT ASM_COMPILER)
-# Set the asm compiler.
-set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER ${ASM_COMPILER})
-# Set the assembly compiler flags.
-set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS} -f elf")
-set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILE_OBJECT "<CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER> <FLAGS> -o <OBJECT> <SOURCE>")
-if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
-    set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS} -g")
-    set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS} -O0")
-    set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS} -F dwarf")
-elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release")
-    set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS} -g")
-    set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS} -O3")
-endif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Warning flags.
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall")
-#set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Werror")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wpedantic")
-#set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -pedantic-errors")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unused-function")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unused-variable")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unknown-pragmas")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-unused-but-set-variable")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -std=gnu99")
-# Set the C compiler options.
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -static")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -nostdlib")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -nostdinc")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fno-builtin")
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -m32")
-if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -ggdb")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -g3")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -O0")
-elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -O3")
-endif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
-
-# =============================================================================
 # Add the library.
 add_library(
-    ${PROJECT_NAME}
+    libc
-
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/stdio.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/stdio.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/ctype.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/ctype.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/string.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/string.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/stdlib.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/stdlib.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/math.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/math.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/fcvt.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/fcvt.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/time.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/time.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/strerror.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/strerror.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/termios.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/termios.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/libgen.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/libgen.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/vsprintf.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/vsprintf.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/vscanf.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/vscanf.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/pwd.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/pwd.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/grp.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grp.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sched.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/sched.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/readline.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/setenv.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/setenv.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/assert.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/assert.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/abort.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/abort.c
-
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/io/mm_io.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/io/mm_io.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/io/debug.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/io/port_io.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/ipc.c
-
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/unistd.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/ipc/ipc.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/errno.c
-
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/utsname.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/sys/unistd.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/mman.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/sys/errno.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/sys/ioctl.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/sys/utsname.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/creat.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/sys/ioctl.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getppid.c
-
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getpid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/getppid.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/exit.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/getpid.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/setsid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/exit.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getsid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/setsid.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/setpgid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/getsid.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getpgid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/setgid.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/setgid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/getgid.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getgid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/fork.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/setuid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/read.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getuid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/write.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/fork.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/exec.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/read.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/nice.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/write.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/open.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/exec.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/reboot.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/nice.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/waitpid.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/open.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/chdir.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/reboot.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/getcwd.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/waitpid.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/close.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/chdir.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/stat.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getcwd.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/rmdir.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/close.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/mkdir.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/stat.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/unlink.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/rmdir.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/getdents.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/mkdir.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/lseek.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/unlink.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/kill.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/getdents.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/signal.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/lseek.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/unistd/interval.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/kill.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/libc_start.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/signal.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/debug.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/interval.c
-
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/symlink.c
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/crt0.S
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/unistd/readlink.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/libc_start.c
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libc/src/crt0.S
 )
 
 # Add the includes.
-target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC inc)
+target_include_directories(libc PUBLIC inc)
 
 # Remove the 'lib' prefix.
-set_target_properties(${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTIES PREFIX "")
+set_target_properties(libc PROPERTIES PREFIX "")

libc/inc/array.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/// @file array.h
+/// @brief
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+/// Function for allocating memory for the array.
+#define ARRAY_ALLOC kmalloc
+/// Function for freeing the memory for the array.
+#define ARRAY_FREE  kfree
+#else
+/// Function for allocating memory for the array.
+#define ARRAY_ALLOC malloc
+/// Function for freeing the memory for the array.
+#define ARRAY_FREE  free
+#endif
+
+/// @brief Declares a new dynamic-size array structure.
+#define DECLARE_ARRAY(type, name)                                                     \
+    typedef struct arr_##name##_t {                                                   \
+        const unsigned size;                                                          \
+        type *buffer;                                                                 \
+    } arr_##name##_t;                                                                 \
+    arr_##name##_t alloc_arr_##name(unsigned len)                                     \
+    {                                                                                 \
+        arr_##name##_t a = { len, len > 0 ? ARRAY_ALLOC(sizeof(type) * len) : NULL }; \
+        memset(a.buffer, 0, sizeof(type) * len);                                      \
+        return a;                                                                     \
+    }                                                                                 \
+    static inline void free_arr_##name(arr_##name##_t *arr)                           \
+    {                                                                                 \
+        ARRAY_FREE(arr->buffer);                                                      \
+    }
+
+#undef ARRAY_ALLOC
+#undef ARRAY_FREE

libc/inc/assert.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file assert.h
 /// @brief Defines the function and pre-processor macro for assertions.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/bits/ioctls.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /// @file ioctls.h
 /// @brief Input/Output ConTroL (IOCTL) numbers.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/bits/stat.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file stat.h
 /// @brief Defines the structure used by the functiosn fstat(), lstat(), and stat().
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/bits/termios-struct.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file termios-struct.h
 /// @brief Definition of the `termios` structure.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -25,21 +24,23 @@ typedef struct termios {
     cc_t c_cc[NCCS];  ///< control characters
     speed_t c_ispeed; ///< input speed
     speed_t c_ospeed; ///< output speed
-} termios;
+} termios_t;
 
-/// @brief These flags generally control higher-level aspects of input processing than the input
+//These flags generally control higher-level aspects of input processing than
-/// modes flags described in Input Modes, such as echoing, signals, and the choice of canonical
+// the input modes flags described in Input Modes, such as echoing, signals, and
-/// or noncanonical input.
+// the choice of canonical or noncanonical input.
-enum {
+
-    ISIG    = 000001U, ///< Controls whether the INTR, QUIT, and SUSP characters are recognized.
+#define ISIG    0x00000080 ///< Controls whether the INTR, QUIT, and SUSP characters are recognized.
-    ICANON  = 000002U, ///< Enables canonical input processing mode.
+#define ICANON  0x00000100 ///< Enables canonical input processing mode.
-    ECHO    = 000010U, ///< Echo input characters.
+#define ECHO    0x00000008 ///< Echo input characters.
-    ECHOE   = 000020U, ///< If ICANON is set, the ERASE character erases the preceding character.
+#define ECHOE   0x00000002 ///< If ICANON is set, the ERASE character erases the preceding character.
-    ECHOK   = 000040U, ///< If ICANON is set, the KILL character erases the current line.
+#define ECHOK   0x00000004 ///< If ICANON is set, the KILL character erases the current line.
-    ECHONL  = 000100U, ///< If ICANON is set, echo the NL character even if ECHO is not set.
+#define ECHONL  0x00000010 ///< If ICANON is set, echo the NL character even if ECHO is not set.
-    NOFLSH  = 000200U, ///< Do not clear in/out queues when receiving INTR, QUIT, and SUSP.
+#define NOFLSH  0x80000000 ///< Do not clear in/out queues when receiving INTR, QUIT, and SUSP.
-    TOSTOP  = 000400U, ///< Allows SIGTTOU signals generated by background processes.
+#define TOSTOP  0x00400000 ///< Allows SIGTTOU signals generated by background processes.
-    ECHOCTL = 001000U, ///< If this and ECHO are set, control characters with ‘^’ are echoed.
+#define ECHOCTL 0x00000040 ///< If this and ECHO are set, control characters with ‘^’ are echoed.
-    ECHOKE  = 004000U, ///< If ICANON is set, KILL is echoed by erasing each character on the line.
+#define ECHOKE  0x00000001 ///< If ICANON is set, KILL is echoed by erasing each character on the line.
-    IEXTEN  = 100000U, ///< Enables implementation-defined input processing.
+#define IEXTEN  0x00000400 ///< Enables implementation-defined input processing.
-};
+
+/// @brief Mask for extracting control values.
+#define CTRL(x) ((x) & 037)

libc/inc/ctype.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file ctype.h
 /// @brief Functions related to character handling.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -16,6 +15,11 @@ int isdigit(int c);
 /// @return 1 on success, 0 otherwise.
 int isalpha(int c);
 
+/// @brief Check if the given value is a control character.
+/// @param c The input character.
+/// @return 1 on success, 0 otherwise.
+int iscntrl(int c);
+
 /// @brief Check if the given value is either a letter or a digit.
 /// @param c The input character.
 /// @return 1 on success, 0 otherwise.

libc/inc/debug.h

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
-/// @file debug.h
-/// @brief Debugging primitives.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
-/// See LICENSE.md for details.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#ifndef __DEBUG_HEADER__
-/// Header for identifying outputs coming from a mechanism.
-#define __DEBUG_HEADER__
-#endif
-
-/// @brief Extract the filename from the full path provided by __FILE__.
-#define __FILENAME__ (__builtin_strrchr(__FILE__, '/') ? __builtin_strrchr(__FILE__, '/') + 1 : __FILE__)
-
-/// @brief Prints the given character to debug output.
-/// @param c The character to print.
-void dbg_putchar(char c);
-
-/// @brief Prints the given string to debug output.
-/// @param s The string to print.
-void dbg_puts(const char *s);
-
-/// @brief Prints the given string to the debug output.
-/// @param file   The name of the file.
-/// @param fun    The name of the function.
-/// @param line   The line inside the file.
-/// @param format The format to used, see printf.
-/// @param ...    The list of arguments.
-void dbg_printf(const char *file, const char *fun, int line, const char *format, ...);
-
-/// @brief Transforms the given amount of bytes to a readable string.
-/// @param bytes The bytes to turn to string.
-/// @return String representing the bytes in human readable form.
-const char *to_human_size(unsigned long bytes);
-
-/// @brief Transforms the given value to a binary string.
-/// @param value The decimal value.
-/// @return String representing the binary value.
-const char *dec_to_binary(unsigned long value);
-
-/// Prints a debugging message.
-#define pr_debug(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__ __VA_ARGS__)

libc/inc/fcntl.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file fcntl.h
 /// @brief Headers of functions fcntl() and open().
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -20,20 +19,21 @@
 /// @brief The file modes.
 /// @{
 
-#define S_IRWXU 0000700U ///< RWX mask for user.
+#define S_ISUID 0x0800 ///< Set user id on execution
-#define S_IRUSR 0000400U ///< R for user.
+#define S_ISGID 0x0400 ///< Set group id on execution
-#define S_IWUSR 0000200U ///< W for user.
+#define S_ISVTX 0x0200 ///< Save swapped text even after use (Sticky Bit)
-#define S_IXUSR 0000100U ///< X for user.
+#define S_IRWXU 0x01C0 ///< rwx------ : User can read/write/execute
-
+#define S_IRUSR 0x0100 ///< r-------- : User can read
-#define S_IRWXG 0000070U ///< RWX mask for group.
+#define S_IWUSR 0x0080 ///< -w------- : User can write
-#define S_IRGRP 0000040U ///< R for group.
+#define S_IXUSR 0x0040 ///< --x------ : User can execute
-#define S_IWGRP 0000020U ///< W for group.
+#define S_IRWXG 0x0038 ///< ---rwx--- : Group can read/write/execute
-#define S_IXGRP 0000010U ///< X for group.
+#define S_IRGRP 0x0020 ///< ---r----- : Group can read
-
+#define S_IWGRP 0x0010 ///< ----w---- : Group can write
-#define S_IRWXO 0000007U ///< RWX mask for group.
+#define S_IXGRP 0x0008 ///< -----x--- : Group can execute
-#define S_IROTH 0000004U ///< R for group.
+#define S_IRWXO 0x0007 ///< ------rwx : Others can read/write/execute
-#define S_IWOTH 0000002U ///< W for group.
+#define S_IROTH 0x0004 ///< ------r-- : Others can read
-#define S_IXOTH 0000001U ///< X for group.
+#define S_IWOTH 0x0002 ///< -------w- : Others can write
+#define S_IXOTH 0x0001 ///< --------x : Others can execute
 
 #define S_ISDIR(m)  (((m)&0170000) == 0040000) ///< directory.
 #define S_ISCHR(m)  (((m)&0170000) == 0020000) ///< char special

libc/inc/fcvt.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file fcvt.h
 /// @brief Declare the functions required to turn double values into a string.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/grp.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file grp.h
 /// @brief Defines the structures and functions for managing groups.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -11,66 +10,63 @@
 /// Maximum number of users per group
 #define MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP 64
 
-///@brief Contains user group informations
+/// @brief Contains user group informations.
-typedef struct group{
+typedef struct group {
+    /// The name of the group.
+    char *gr_name;
+    /// Encrypted password.
+    char *gr_passwd;
+    /// Group ID.
+    gid_t gr_gid;
+    /// List of group members.
+    char *gr_mem[MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP + 1];
+} group_t;
 
-    char* gr_name;      // the name of the group
+/// @brief Provides access to the group database entry for `uid`.
-    gid_t gr_gid;       // numerical group ID
+/// @param gid The gid to search inside the database.
-    char* gr_passwd;    // password
+/// @return A pointer to the structure containing the database entry.
+group_t *getgrgid(gid_t gid);
 
-    //pointer to a null-terminated array of character pointers to member names
+/// @brief Provides access to the group database entry for `name`.
-    char* gr_mem[MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP + 1];
+/// @param name The name to search inside the database.
-    
+/// @return A pointer to the structure containing the database entry.
-} group;
+group_t *getgrnam(const char *name);
 
-///@brief       Provides access to the group database entry for `uid`.
+/// @brief Provides the same information as getgrgid but it stores the results
-///@param gid   The gid to search inside the database.
+/// inside group, and the string information are store store inside `buf`.
-///@return      A pointer to the structure containing the database entry.
+/// @param gid The uid to search inside the database.
-struct group* getgrgid(gid_t gid);
+/// @param group The structure containing pointers to the entry fields.
+/// @param buf The buffer where the strings should be stored.
+/// @param buflen The lenght of the buffer.
+/// @param result A pointer to the result or NULL is stored here.
+/// @return If the entry was found returns zero and set *result to group, if the
+/// entry was not found returns zero and set *result to NULL, on failure returns
+/// a number and sets  and set *result to NULL.
+int getgrgid_r(gid_t gid, group_t *group, char *buf, size_t buflen, group_t **result);
 
-///@brief       Provides access to the group database entry for `name`.
+/// @brief Provides the same information as getgrnam but it stores the results
-///@param name  The name to search inside the database.
+///inside group, and the string information are store store inside `buf`.
-///@return      A pointer to the structure containing the database entry.
+/// @param name The name to search inside the database.
-struct group* getgrnam(const char* name);
+/// @param group The structure containing pointers to the entry fields.
+/// @param buf The buffer where the strings should be stored.
+/// @param buflen The lenght of the buffer.
+/// @param result A pointer to the result or NULL is stored here.
+/// @return If the entry was found returns zero and set *result to group, if the
+/// entry was not found returns zero and set *result to NULL, on failure returns
+/// a number and sets  and set *result to NULL.
+int getgrnam_r(const char *name, group_t *group, char *buf, size_t buflen, group_t **result);
 
-///@brief        Provides the same information as getgrgid but it stores the
+/// @brief Returns a pointer to a structure containing the broken-out fields of
-///              results inside group, and the string information are store store
+/// an entry in the group database.
-///              inside `buf`.
+/// @return pointer to the group entry.
-///@param gid    The uid to search inside the database.
+/// @details When first called returns a pointer to a group structure containing
-///@param group  The structure containing pointers to the entry fields.
+/// the first entry in the group database. Thereafter, it returns a pointer to a
-///@param buf    The buffer where the strings should be stored.
+/// group structure containing the next group structure in the group database,
-///@param buflen The lenght of the buffer.
+/// so successive calls may be used to search the entire database.
-///@param result A pointer to the result or NULL is stored here.
+group_t *getgrent(void);
-///@return       If the entry was found returns zero and set *result to group,
-///              if the entry was not found returns zero and set *result to NULL,
-///              on failure returns a number and sets  and set *result to NULL.
-int getgrgid_r(gid_t gid, struct group* group, char* buf, size_t buflen, struct group ** result);
 
-///@brief        Provides the same information as getgrnam but it stores the
+/// @brief Rewinds the group database to allow repeated searches.
-///              results inside group, and the string information are store store
-///              inside `buf`.
-///@param name   The name to search inside the database.
-///@param group  The structure containing pointers to the entry fields.
-///@param buf    The buffer where the strings should be stored.
-///@param buflen The lenght of the buffer.
-///@param result A pointer to the result or NULL is stored here.
-///@return       If the entry was found returns zero and set *result to group,
-///              if the entry was not found returns zero and set *result to NULL,
-///              on failure returns a number and sets  and set *result to NULL.
-int getgrnam_r(const char* name, struct group* group, char* buf, size_t buflen, struct group** result);
-
-
-///@brief Returns a pointer to a structure containing the broken-out 
-///       fields of an entry in the group database.
-///       When first called returns a pointer to a group structure 
-///       containing the first entry in the group database. 
-///       Thereafter, it returns a pointer to a group structure 
-///       containing the next group structure in the group database, 
-///       so successive calls may be used to search the entire database.
-struct group* getgrent(void);
-
-///@brief Rewinds the group database to allow repeated searches.
 void endgrent(void);
 
-///@brief May be called to close the group database when processing is complete.
+/// @brief May be called to close the group database when processing is complete.
-void setgrent(void);
+void setgrent(void);

libc/inc/io/ansi_colors.h

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/// @file ansi_colors.h
+/// @brief List of ANSI colors.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#define FG_RESET "\033[0m" ///< ANSI code for resetting.
+
+#define FG_BLACK   "\033[30m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BLACK foreground.
+#define FG_RED     "\033[31m" ///< ANSI code for setting a RED foreground.
+#define FG_GREEN   "\033[32m" ///< ANSI code for setting a GREEN foreground.
+#define FG_YELLOW  "\033[33m" ///< ANSI code for setting a YELLOW foreground.
+#define FG_BLUE    "\033[34m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BLUE foreground.
+#define FG_MAGENTA "\033[35m" ///< ANSI code for setting a MAGENTA foreground.
+#define FG_CYAN    "\033[36m" ///< ANSI code for setting a CYAN foreground.
+#define FG_WHITE   "\033[37m" ///< ANSI code for setting a WHITE foreground.
+
+#define FG_BLACK_BOLD   "\033[1;30m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BLACK foreground.
+#define FG_RED_BOLD     "\033[1;31m" ///< ANSI code for setting a RED foreground.
+#define FG_GREEN_BOLD   "\033[1;32m" ///< ANSI code for setting a GREEN foreground.
+#define FG_YELLOW_BOLD  "\033[1;33m" ///< ANSI code for setting a YELLOW foreground.
+#define FG_BLUE_BOLD    "\033[1;34m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BLUE foreground.
+#define FG_MAGENTA_BOLD "\033[1;35m" ///< ANSI code for setting a MAGENTA foreground.
+#define FG_CYAN_BOLD    "\033[1;36m" ///< ANSI code for setting a CYAN foreground.
+#define FG_WHITE_BOLD   "\033[1;37m" ///< ANSI code for setting a WHITE foreground.
+
+#define FG_BLACK_BRIGHT   "\033[90m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_BLACK foreground.
+#define FG_RED_BRIGHT     "\033[91m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_RED foreground.
+#define FG_GREEN_BRIGHT   "\033[92m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_GREEN foreground.
+#define FG_YELLOW_BRIGHT  "\033[93m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_YELLOW foreground.
+#define FG_BLUE_BRIGHT    "\033[94m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_BLUE foreground.
+#define FG_MAGENTA_BRIGHT "\033[95m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_MAGENTA foreground.
+#define FG_CYAN_BRIGHT    "\033[96m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_CYAN foreground.
+#define FG_WHITE_BRIGHT   "\033[97m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_WHITE foreground.
+
+#define FG_BLACK_BRIGHT_BOLD   "\033[1;90m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_BLACK foreground.
+#define FG_RED_BRIGHT_BOLD     "\033[1;91m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_RED foreground.
+#define FG_GREEN_BRIGHT_BOLD   "\033[1;92m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_GREEN foreground.
+#define FG_YELLOW_BRIGHT_BOLD  "\033[1;93m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_YELLOW foreground.
+#define FG_BLUE_BRIGHT_BOLD    "\033[1;94m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_BLUE foreground.
+#define FG_MAGENTA_BRIGHT_BOLD "\033[1;95m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_MAGENTA foreground.
+#define FG_CYAN_BRIGHT_BOLD    "\033[1;96m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_CYAN foreground.
+#define FG_WHITE_BRIGHT_BOLD   "\033[1;97m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_WHITE foreground.
+
+#define BG_BLACK   "\033[40m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BLACK background.
+#define BG_RED     "\033[41m" ///< ANSI code for setting a RED background.
+#define BG_GREEN   "\033[42m" ///< ANSI code for setting a GREEN background.
+#define BG_YELLOW  "\033[43m" ///< ANSI code for setting a YELLOW background.
+#define BG_BLUE    "\033[44m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BLUE background.
+#define BG_MAGENTA "\033[45m" ///< ANSI code for setting a MAGENTA background.
+#define BG_CYAN    "\033[46m" ///< ANSI code for setting a CYAN background.
+#define BG_WHITE   "\033[47m" ///< ANSI code for setting a WHITE background.
+
+#define BG_BRIGHT_BLACK   "\033[100m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_BLACK background.
+#define BG_BRIGHT_RED     "\033[101m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_RED background.
+#define BG_BRIGHT_GREEN   "\033[102m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_GREEN background.
+#define BG_BRIGHT_YELLOW  "\033[103m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_YELLOW background.
+#define BG_BRIGHT_BLUE    "\033[104m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_BLUE background.
+#define BG_BRIGHT_MAGENTA "\033[105m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_MAGENTA background.
+#define BG_BRIGHT_CYAN    "\033[106m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_CYAN background.
+#define BG_BRIGHT_WHITE   "\033[107m" ///< ANSI code for setting a BRIGHT_WHITE background.

libc/inc/io/debug.h

@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file debug.h
 /// @brief Debugging primitives.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include "sys/kernel_levels.h"
 
-struct pt_regs;
-
 #ifndef __DEBUG_LEVEL__
-/// Defines the debug level.
+/// Defines the debug level, by default we set it to notice.
 #define __DEBUG_LEVEL__ LOGLEVEL_NOTICE
 #endif
 
@@ -29,7 +26,7 @@ void set_log_level(int level);
 
 /// @brief Returns the current loglevel.
 /// @return The current loglevel
-int get_log_level();
+int get_log_level(void);
 
 /// @brief Prints the given character to debug output.
 /// @param c The character to print.
@@ -40,17 +37,14 @@ void dbg_putchar(char c);
 void dbg_puts(const char *s);
 
 /// @brief Prints the given string to the debug output.
-/// @param file   The name of the file.
+/// @param file the name of the file.
-/// @param fun    The name of the function.
+/// @param fun the name of the function.
-/// @param line   The line inside the file.
+/// @param line the line inside the file.
-/// @param header The header to print.
+/// @param header the header to print.
-/// @param format The format to used, see printf.
+/// @param log_level the log level.
-/// @param ...    The list of arguments.
+/// @param format the format to used, see printf.
-void dbg_printf(const char *file, const char *fun, int line, char *header, const char *format, ...);
+/// @param ... the list of arguments.
-
+void dbg_printf(const char *file, const char *fun, int line, char *header, short log_level, const char *format, ...);
-/// @brief Prints the registers on debug output.
-/// @param frame Pointer to the register.
-void dbg_print_regs(struct pt_regs *frame);
 
 /// @brief Transforms the given amount of bytes to a readable string.
 /// @param bytes The bytes to turn to string.
@@ -58,57 +52,76 @@ void dbg_print_regs(struct pt_regs *frame);
 const char *to_human_size(unsigned long bytes);
 
 /// @brief Transforms the given value to a binary string.
-/// @param value The decimal value.
+/// @param value to print.
+/// @param length of the binary output.
 /// @return String representing the binary value.
-const char *dec_to_binary(unsigned long value);
+const char *dec_to_binary(unsigned long value, unsigned length);
 
-/// Prints a KERN_DEFAULT.
+/// Prints a default message, which is always shown.
-#define pr_default(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_DEFAULT __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_default(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)
-/// Prints a KERN_EMERG.
+
+/// Prints an emergency message.
 #if __DEBUG_LEVEL__ >= LOGLEVEL_EMERG
-#define pr_emerg(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_EMERG __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_emerg(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_EMERG, __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define pr_emerg(...)
 #endif
-/// Prints a KERN_ALERT.
+
+/// Prints an alert message.
 #if __DEBUG_LEVEL__ >= LOGLEVEL_ALERT
-#define pr_alert(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_ALERT __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_alert(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_ALERT, __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define pr_alert(...)
 #endif
-/// Prints a KERN_CRIT.
+
+/// Prints a critical message.
 #if __DEBUG_LEVEL__ >= LOGLEVEL_CRIT
-#define pr_crit(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_CRIT __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_crit(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_CRIT, __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define pr_crit(...)
 #endif
-/// Prints a KERN_ERR.
+
+/// Prints an error message.
 #if __DEBUG_LEVEL__ >= LOGLEVEL_ERR
-#define pr_err(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_ERR __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_err(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_ERR, __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define pr_err(...)
 #endif
-/// Prints a KERN_WARNING.
+
+/// Prints a warning message.
 #if __DEBUG_LEVEL__ >= LOGLEVEL_WARNING
-#define pr_warning(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_WARNING __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_warning(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_WARNING, __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define pr_warning(...)
 #endif
-/// Prints a KERN_NOTICE.
+
+/// Prints a notice message.
 #if __DEBUG_LEVEL__ >= LOGLEVEL_NOTICE
-#define pr_notice(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_NOTICE __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_notice(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_NOTICE, __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define pr_notice(...)
 #endif
-/// Prints a KERN_INFO.
+
+/// Prints a info message.
 #if __DEBUG_LEVEL__ >= LOGLEVEL_INFO
-#define pr_info(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_INFO __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_info(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_INFO, __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define pr_info(...)
 #endif
-/// Prints a KERN_DEBUG.
+
+/// Prints a debug message.
 #if __DEBUG_LEVEL__ >= LOGLEVEL_DEBUG
-#define pr_debug(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, KERN_DEBUG __VA_ARGS__)
+#define pr_debug(...) dbg_printf(__FILENAME__, __func__, __LINE__, __DEBUG_HEADER__, LOGLEVEL_DEBUG, __VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 #define pr_debug(...)
 #endif
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+
+struct pt_regs;
+
+/// @brief Prints the registers on debug output.
+/// @param frame Pointer to the register.
+void dbg_print_regs(struct pt_regs *frame);
+
+#endif

libc/inc/io/mm_io.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file mm_io.h
 /// @brief Memory Mapped IO functions.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -9,19 +8,31 @@
 #include "stdint.h"
 
 /// @brief Reads a 8-bit value from the given address.
+/// @param addr the address we want to read from.
+/// @return the value we read.
 uint8_t in_memb(uint32_t addr);
 
 /// @brief Reads a 16-bit value from the given address.
+/// @param addr the address we want to read from.
+/// @return the value we read.
 uint16_t in_mems(uint32_t addr);
 
 /// @brief Reads a 32-bit value from the given address.
+/// @param addr the address we want to read from.
+/// @return the value we read.
 uint32_t in_meml(uint32_t addr);
 
 /// @brief Writes a 8-bit value at the given address.
+/// @param addr the address we want to write to.
+/// @param value the value we want to write.
 void out_memb(uint32_t addr, uint8_t value);
 
 /// @brief Writes a 16-bit value at the given address.
+/// @param addr the address we want to write to.
+/// @param value the value we want to write.
 void out_mems(uint32_t addr, uint16_t value);
 
 /// @brief Writes a 32-bit value at the given address.
+/// @param addr the address we want to write to.
+/// @param value the value we want to write.
 void out_meml(uint32_t addr, uint32_t value);

libc/inc/io/port_io.h

@@ -1,43 +1,150 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file port_io.h
 /// @brief Byte I/O on ports prototypes.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include "stdint.h"
+/// @brief Reads a 8-bit value from the given port.
+/// @param port the port we want to read from.
+/// @return the value we read.
+static inline unsigned char inportb(unsigned short port)
+{
+    unsigned char result;
+    __asm__ __volatile__("inb %%dx, %%al"
+                         : "=a"(result)
+                         : "dN"(port)
+                         : "memory");
+    return result;
+}
 
-/// @brief      Used for reading from the I/O ports.
+/// @brief Reads a 16-bit value from the given port.
-/// @param port The input port.
+/// @param port the port we want to read from.
-/// @return     The read value.
+/// @return the value we read.
-uint8_t inportb(uint16_t port);
+static inline unsigned short inports(unsigned short port)
+{
+    unsigned short result;
+    __asm__ __volatile__("inw %1, %0"
+                         : "=a"(result)
+                         : "dN"(port)
+                         : "memory");
+    return result;
+}
 
-/// @brief      Used for reading 2 bytes from the I/O ports.
+/// @brief Reads a 32-bit value from the given port.
-/// @param port The input port.
+/// @param port the port we want to read from.
-/// @return     The read value.
+/// @return the value we read.
-uint16_t inports(uint16_t port);
+static inline unsigned int inportl(unsigned short port)
+{
+    unsigned int result;
+    __asm__ __volatile__("inl %%dx, %%eax"
+                         : "=a"(result)
+                         : "dN"(port)
+                         : "memory");
+    return result;
+}
 
-void inportsm(uint16_t port, uint8_t *data, unsigned long size);
+/// @brief Writes a 8-bit value at the given port.
+/// @param port the port we want to write to.
+/// @param value the value we want to write.
+static inline void outportb(unsigned short port, unsigned char value)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__("outb %%al, %%dx"
+                         :
+                         : "a"(value), "dN"(port)
+                         : "memory");
+}
 
-/// @brief      Used for reading 4 bytes from the I/O ports.
+/// @brief Writes a 16-bit value at the given port.
-/// @param port The input port.
+/// @param port the port we want to write to.
-/// @return     The read value.
+/// @param value the value we want to write.
-uint32_t inportl(uint16_t port);
+static inline void outports(unsigned short port, unsigned short value)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__("outw %1, %0"
+                         :
+                         : "dN"(port), "a"(value)
+                         : "memory");
+}
 
-/// @brief      Use this to write to I/O ports to send bytes to devices.
+/// @brief Writes a 32-bit value at the given port.
-/// @param port The output port.
+/// @param port the port we want to write to.
-/// @param data The data to write.
+/// @param value the value we want to write.
-void outportb(uint16_t port, uint8_t data);
+static inline void outportl(unsigned short port, unsigned int value)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__("outl %%eax, %%dx"
+                         :
+                         : "dN"(port), "a"(value)
+                         : "memory");
+}
 
-/// @brief      Use this to write to I/O ports to send 2 bytes to devices.
+/// @brief Reads multiple 8-bit values from the given port.
-/// @param port The output port.
+/// @param port the port we want to read from.
-/// @param data The data to write.
+/// @param addr the location where we store the values we read.
-void outports(uint16_t port, uint16_t data);
+/// @param count the number of values we want to read.
+static inline void inportsb(unsigned short port, void *addr, unsigned long count)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__(
+        "cld ; rep ; insb "
+        : "=D"(addr), "=c"(count)
+        : "d"(port), "0"(addr), "1"(count));
+}
 
-void outportsm(uint16_t port, uint8_t *data, uint16_t size);
+/// @brief Reads multiple 16-bit values from the given port.
+/// @param port the port we want to read from.
+/// @param addr the location where we store the values we read.
+/// @param count the number of values we want to read.
+static inline void inportsw(unsigned short port, void *addr, unsigned long count)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__(
+        "cld ; rep ; insw "
+        : "=D"(addr), "=c"(count)
+        : "d"(port), "0"(addr), "1"(count));
+}
 
-/// @brief      Use this to write to I/O ports to send 4 bytes to devices.
+/// @brief Reads multiple 32-bit values from the given port.
-/// @param port The output port.
+/// @param port the port we want to read from.
-/// @param data The data to write.
+/// @param addr the location where we store the values we read.
-void outportl(uint16_t port, uint32_t data);
+/// @param count the number of values we want to read.
+static inline void inportsl(unsigned short port, void *addr, unsigned long count)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__(
+        "cld ; rep ; insl "
+        : "=D"(addr), "=c"(count)
+        : "d"(port), "0"(addr), "1"(count));
+}
+
+/// @brief Writes multiple 8-bit values to the given port.
+/// @param port the port we want to write to.
+/// @param addr the location where we get the values we need to write.
+/// @param count the number of values we want to write.
+static inline void outportsb(unsigned short port, void *addr, unsigned long count)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__(
+        "cld ; rep ; outsb "
+        : "=S"(addr), "=c"(count)
+        : "d"(port), "0"(addr), "1"(count));
+}
+
+/// @brief Writes multiple 16-bit values to the given port.
+/// @param port the port we want to write to.
+/// @param addr the location where we get the values we need to write.
+/// @param count the number of values we want to write.
+static inline void outportsw(unsigned short port, void *addr, unsigned long count)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__(
+        "cld ; rep ; outsw "
+        : "=S"(addr), "=c"(count)
+        : "d"(port), "0"(addr), "1"(count));
+}
+
+/// @brief Writes multiple 32-bit values to the given port.
+/// @param port the port we want to write to.
+/// @param addr the location where we get the values we need to write.
+/// @param count the number of values we want to write.
+static inline void outportsl(unsigned short port, void *addr, unsigned long count)
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__(
+        "cld ; rep ; outsl "
+        : "=S"(addr), "=c"(count)
+        : "d"(port), "0"(addr), "1"(count));
+}

libc/inc/ipc/ipc.h

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
-/// @file ipc.h
-/// @brief Inter-Process Communication (IPC) structures.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
-/// See LICENSE.md for details.
-
-#pragma once
-
-/// @brief Permission details of an IPC object.
-struct ipc_perm {
-    /// Key supplied to msgget(2).
-    key_t __key;
-    /// Effective UID of owner.
-    uid_t uid;
-    /// Effective GID of owner.
-    gid_t gid;
-    /// Effective UID of creator.
-    uid_t cuid;
-    /// Effective GID of creator.
-    gid_t cgid;
-    /// Permissions.
-    unsigned short mode;
-    /// Sequence number.
-    unsigned short __seq;
-};

libc/inc/ipc/msg.h

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
-/// @file msg.h
-/// @brief Definition of structure for managing message queues.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
-/// See LICENSE.md for details.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "sys/types.h"
-#include "stddef.h"
-#include "time.h"
-#include "ipc.h"
-
-/// Type for storing the number of messages in a message queue.
-typedef unsigned int msgqnum_t;
-
-/// Type for storing the number of bytes in a message queue.
-typedef unsigned int msglen_t;
-
-/// @brief Buffer to use with the message queue IPC.
-struct msgbuf {
-    /// Type of the message.
-    long mtype;
-    /// Text of the message.
-    char mtext[1];
-};
-
-/// @brief Message queue data structure.
-struct msqid_ds {
-    /// Ownership and permissions.
-    struct ipc_perm msg_perm;
-    /// Time of last msgsnd(2).
-    time_t msg_stime;
-    /// Time of last msgrcv(2).
-    time_t msg_rtime;
-    /// Time of creation or last modification by msgctl().
-    time_t msg_ctime;
-    /// Number of bytes in queue.
-    unsigned long msg_cbytes;
-    /// Number of messages in queue.
-    msgqnum_t msg_qnum;
-    /// Maximum number of bytes in queue.
-    msglen_t msg_qbytes;
-    /// PID of last msgsnd(2).
-    pid_t msg_lspid;
-    /// PID of last msgrcv(2).
-    pid_t msg_lrpid;
-};
-
-#ifdef __KERNEL__
-
-long sys_msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);
-
-long sys_msgsnd(int msqid, struct msgbuf *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);
-
-long sys_msgrcv(int msqid, struct msgbuf *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp, int msgflg);
-
-long sys_msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf);
-
-#else
-
-long msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);
-
-long msgsnd(int msqid, struct msgbuf *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);
-
-long msgrcv(int msqid, struct msgbuf *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp, int msgflg);
-
-long msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf);
-
-#endif

libc/inc/ipc/sem.h

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
-/// @file sem.h
-/// @brief Definition of structure for managing semaphores.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
-/// See LICENSE.md for details.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "sys/types.h"
-#include "stddef.h"
-#include "time.h"
-#include "ipc.h"
-
-/// @brief Buffer to use with the semaphore IPC.
-struct sembuf {
-    /// Semaphore index in array.
-    unsigned short sem_num;
-    /// Semaphore operation.
-    short sem_op;
-    /// Operation flags.
-    short sem_flg;
-};
-
-#ifdef __KERNEL__
-
-long sys_semget(key_t key, int nsems, int semflg);
-
-long sys_semop(int semid, struct sembuf *sops, unsigned nsops);
-
-long sys_semctl(int semid, int semnum, int cmd, unsigned long arg);
-
-#else
-
-long semget(key_t key, int nsems, int semflg);
-
-long semop(int semid, struct sembuf *sops, unsigned nsops);
-
-long semctl(int semid, int semnum, int cmd, unsigned long arg);
-
-#endif

libc/inc/ipc/shm.h

@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
-/// @file shm.h
-/// @brief Definition of structure for managing shared memories.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
-/// See LICENSE.md for details.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "sys/types.h"
-#include "stddef.h"
-#include "time.h"
-#include "ipc.h"
-
-/// Data type for storing the number of attaches.
-typedef unsigned long shmatt_t;
-
-/// @brief Shared memory data structure.
-struct shmid_ds {
-    /// Operation permission struct.
-    struct ipc_perm shm_perm;
-    /// Size of segment in bytes.
-    size_t shm_segsz;
-    /// Time of last shmat().
-    time_t shm_atime;
-    /// Time of last shmdt().
-    time_t shm_dtime;
-    /// Time of last change by shmctl().
-    time_t shm_ctime;
-    /// Pid of creator.
-    pid_t shm_cpid;
-    /// Pid of last shmop.
-    pid_t shm_lpid;
-    /// Number of current attaches.
-    shmatt_t shm_nattch;
-    /// Pointer to the next shared memory data structure.
-    struct shmid_ds *next;
-    /// Where shm created is memorized, should be a file.
-    void *shm_location;
-};
-
-#if 0
-
-#include "ipc.h"
-#include "debug.h"
-#include "time.h"
-#include "kheap.h"
-#include "stddef.h"
-#include "paging.h"
-#include "syscall.h"
-#include "scheduler.h"
-
-//======== Permission flag for shmget ==========================================
-// or S_IRUGO from <linux/stat.h>.
-#define SHM_R      0400
-
-// or S_IWUGO from <linux/stat.h>.
-#define SHM_W      0200
-//==============================================================================
-
-//======== Flags for shmat =====================================================
-// Attach read-only else read-write.
-#define SHM_RDONLY 010000
-
-// Round attach address to SHMLBA.
-#define SHM_RND    020000
-
-// Take-over region on attach.
-#define SHM_REMAP  040000
-
-// Execution access.
-#define SHM_EXEC   0100000
-//==============================================================================
-
-//======== Commands for shmctl =================================================
-// Lock segment (root only).
-#define SHM_LOCK   11
-
-// Unlock segment (root only).
-#define SHM_UNLOCK 12
-//==============================================================================
-
-// Ipcs ctl commands.
-#define SHM_STAT   13
-
-#define SHM_INFO 14
-
-#define SHM_STAT_ANY  15
-
-//======== shm_mode upper byte flags ===========================================
-// segment will be destroyed on last detach.
-#define SHM_DEST      01000
-
-// Segment will not be swapped.
-#define SHM_LOCKED    02000
-
-// Segment is mapped via hugetlb.
-#define SHM_HUGETLB   04000
-
-// Don't check for reservations.
-#define SHM_NORESERVE 010000
-
-/// @@brief Syscall Service Routine: Shared memory control operation.
-int syscall_shmctl(int *args);
-
-/// @@brief Syscall Service Routine: Get shared memory segment.
-int syscall_shmget(int *args);
-
-/// @@brief Syscall Service Routine: Attach shared memory segment.
-void *syscall_shmat(int *args);
-
-/// @@brief Syscall  Service Routine: Detach shared memory segment.
-int syscall_shmdt(int *args);
-
-/// @@brief User Wrapper: Shared memory control operation.
-int shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);
-
-/// @@brief User Wrapper: Get shared memory segment.
-int shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int flags);
-
-/// @@brief User Wrapper: Attach shared memory segment.
-void *shmat(int shmid, void *shmaddr, int flag);
-
-/// @@brief User Wrapper: Detach shared memory segment.
-int shmdt(void *shmaddr);
-
-/// @@brief Find shmid_ds on list.
-struct shmid_ds *find_shm_fromid(int shmid);
-
-/// @@brief Find shmid_ds on list.
-struct shmid_ds *find_shm_fromkey(key_t key);
-
-/// @@brief shmid_ds on list.
-struct shmid_ds *find_shm_fromvaddr(void *shmvaddr);
-
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __KERNEL__
-
-long sys_shmat(int shmid, char *shmaddr, int shmflg);
-
-long sys_shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int flag);
-
-long sys_shmdt(char *shmaddr);
-
-long sys_shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);
-
-#else
-
-long shmat(int shmid, char *shmaddr, int shmflg);
-
-long shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int flag);
-
-long shmdt(char *shmaddr);
-
-long shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);
-
-#endif

libc/inc/libgen.h

@@ -1,41 +1,29 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file libgen.h
 /// @brief String routines.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #include "stddef.h"
 
-// TODO: doxygen comment.
+/// @brief Extracts the parent directory of the given path and saves it inside
-/// @brief
+/// the given buffer, e.g., from "/home/user/test.txt" it extracts "/home/user".
-/// @param out
+/// If the path does not contain a '/', it will return ".".
-/// @param cur
+/// @param path the path we are parsing.
-/// @param sep
+/// @param buffer the buffer where we save the directory name.
-/// @param max
+/// @param buflen the length of the buffer.
-/// @result
+/// @return 1 if succesfull, or 0 if the buffer cannot contain the path.
-int parse_path(char *out, char **cur, char sep, size_t max);
+int dirname(const char *path, char *buffer, size_t buflen);
 
-// TODO: doxygen comment.
+/// @brief Extract the component after the final '/'.
-/// @brief
+/// @param path the path from which we extract the final component.
-/// @param path
+/// @return a pointer after the final '/', or path itself it none was found.
-/// @result
+const char *basename(const char *path);
-char *dirname(const char *path);
-
-// TODO: doxygen comment.
-/// @brief
-/// @param path
-/// @result
-char *basename(const char *path);
 
 /// @brief Return the canonicalized absolute pathname.
-/// @param path     The path we are canonicalizing.
+/// @param path the path we are canonicalizing.
-/// @param resolved The canonicalized path.
+/// @param buffer where we will store the canonicalized path.
-/// @return
+/// @param buflen the size of the buffer.
-/// If there is no error, realpath() returns a pointer to the resolved.
+/// @return If there is no error, realpath() returns a pointer to the buffer.
-/// Otherwise, it returns NULL, the contents of the array resolved
+/// Otherwise, it returns NULL, the contents of the array buffer are undefined,
-/// are undefined, and errno is set to indicate the error.
+/// and errno is set to indicate the error.
-/// @details
+char *realpath(const char *path, char *buffer, size_t buflen);
-/// If resolved is NULL, then realpath() uses malloc
-/// to allocate a buffer of up to PATH_MAX bytes to hold the
-/// resolved pathname, and returns a pointer to this buffer.
-char *realpath(const char *path, char *resolved);

libc/inc/limits.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file limits.h
 /// @brief OS numeric limits.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -54,5 +53,8 @@
 /// Maximum number of characters in a path name.
 #define PATH_MAX 4096
 
+/// Maximum length of arguments provided to exec function.
+#define ARG_MAX 256
+
 /// Maximum pid number.
 #define PID_MAX_LIMIT 32768

libc/inc/math.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file math.h
 /// @brief Mathematical constants and functions.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -18,6 +17,9 @@
 /// @brief The sign the the passed value.
 #define sign(x) ((x < 0) ? -1 : ((x > 0) ? 1 : 0))
 
+/// @brief Returns a rounded up, away from zero, to the nearest multiple of b.
+#define round_up(number, base) (((number) + (base)-1) & ~((base)-1))
+
 /// @brief e
 #define M_E 2.7182818284590452354
 

libc/inc/pwd.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file pwd.h
 /// @brief Contains the structure and functions for managing passwords.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/readline.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/// @file readline.h
+/// @brief
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#include "stddef.h"
+
+/// @brief Reads a line from the file.
+/// @param fd the file descriptor.
+/// @param buffer the buffer where we place the line.
+/// @param buflen the length of the buffer.
+/// @param readlen the amount we read, if negative, we did not encounter a newline.
+/// @return 0 if we are done reading, 1 if we encountered a newline, -1 if otherwise.
+int readline(int fd, char *buffer, size_t buflen, ssize_t *read_len);

libc/inc/ring_buffer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/// @file ring_buffer.h
+/// @brief
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+/// @brief Declares a fixed-size ring-buffer.
+#define DECLARE_FIXED_SIZE_RING_BUFFER(type, name, length, init)                     \
+    typedef struct fs_rb_##name##_t {                                                \
+        unsigned size, read, write;                                                  \
+        type buffer[length];                                                         \
+    } fs_rb_##name##_t;                                                              \
+    static inline void fs_rb_##name##_init(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb)                     \
+    {                                                                                \
+        rb->size = length;                                                           \
+        rb->read = rb->write = 0;                                                    \
+        char *dst            = (char *)rb->buffer;                                   \
+        long num             = sizeof(type) * length;                                \
+        while (num--) *dst++ = (char)(init & 0xFF);                                  \
+    }                                                                                \
+    static inline unsigned fs_rb_##name##_step(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb, unsigned index) \
+    {                                                                                \
+        return (index == (rb->size - 1)) ? 0 : index + 1;                            \
+    }                                                                                \
+    static inline void fs_rb_##name##_push_front(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb, type item)    \
+    {                                                                                \
+        if (fs_rb_##name##_step(rb, rb->write) == rb->read)                          \
+            rb->read = fs_rb_##name##_step(rb, rb->read);                            \
+        rb->buffer[rb->write] = item;                                                \
+        rb->write             = fs_rb_##name##_step(rb, rb->write);                  \
+    }                                                                                \
+    static inline type fs_rb_##name##_empty(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb)                    \
+    {                                                                                \
+        return rb->write == rb->read;                                                \
+    }                                                                                \
+    static inline type fs_rb_##name##_pop_back(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb)                 \
+    {                                                                                \
+        type item = init;                                                            \
+        if (!fs_rb_##name##_empty(rb)) {                                             \
+            item     = rb->buffer[rb->read];                                         \
+            rb->read = fs_rb_##name##_step(rb, rb->read);                            \
+        }                                                                            \
+        return item;                                                                 \
+    }                                                                                \
+    static inline type fs_rb_##name##_pop_front(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb)                \
+    {                                                                                \
+        if (fs_rb_##name##_empty(rb))                                                \
+            return init;                                                             \
+        rb->write = (rb->write > 0) ? rb->write - 1 : rb->size - 1;                  \
+        return rb->buffer[rb->write];                                                \
+    }                                                                                \
+    static inline type fs_rb_##name##_get(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb, unsigned index)      \
+    {                                                                                \
+        if (index < rb->size)                                                        \
+            return rb->buffer[index];                                                \
+        return init;                                                                 \
+    }                                                                                \
+    static inline type fs_rb_##name##_back(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb)                     \
+    {                                                                                \
+        if (fs_rb_##name##_empty(rb))                                                \
+            return init;                                                             \
+        return rb->buffer[rb->read];                                                 \
+    }                                                                                \
+    static inline type fs_rb_##name##_front(fs_rb_##name##_t *rb)                    \
+    {                                                                                \
+        if (fs_rb_##name##_empty(rb))                                                \
+            return init;                                                             \
+        return rb->buffer[(rb->write > 0) ? rb->write - 1 : rb->size - 1];           \
+    }
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+/// Function for allocating memory for the ring buffer.
+#define RING_BUFFER_ALLOC kmalloc
+/// Function for freeing the memory for the ring buffer.
+#define RING_BUFFER_FREE  kfree
+#else
+/// Function for allocating memory for the ring buffer.
+#define RING_BUFFER_ALLOC malloc
+/// Function for freeing the memory for the ring buffer.
+#define RING_BUFFER_FREE  free
+#endif
+
+/// @brief Declares a dynamic-size ring-buffer.
+#define DECLARE_RING_BUFFER(type, name, init)                                                       \
+    typedef struct rb_##name##_t {                                                                  \
+        const unsigned size;                                                                        \
+        unsigned read, write;                                                                       \
+        type *buffer;                                                                               \
+    } rb_##name##_t;                                                                                \
+    static inline rb_##name##_t alloc_rb_##name(unsigned len)                                       \
+    {                                                                                               \
+        rb_##name##_t rb = { len, 0U, 0U, len > 0 ? RING_BUFFER_ALLOC(sizeof(type) * len) : NULL }; \
+        memset(rb.buffer, init, sizeof(type) * len);                                                \
+        return rb;                                                                                  \
+    }                                                                                               \
+    static inline void free_rb_##name(rb_##name##_t *rb)                                            \
+    {                                                                                               \
+        RING_BUFFER_FREE(rb->buffer);                                                               \
+    }                                                                                               \
+    static inline unsigned step_rb_##name(rb_##name##_t *rb, unsigned index)                        \
+    {                                                                                               \
+        return (index == (rb->size - 1)) ? 0 : index + 1;                                           \
+    }                                                                                               \
+    static inline void push_rb_##name(rb_##name##_t *rb, type item)                                 \
+    {                                                                                               \
+        if (step_rb_##name(rb, rb->write) == rb->read)                                              \
+            rb->read = step_rb_##name(rb, rb->read);                                                \
+        rb->buffer[rb->write] = item;                                                               \
+        rb->write             = step_rb_##name(rb, rb->write);                                      \
+    }                                                                                               \
+    static inline void pop_rb_##name(rb_##name##_t *rb, type *item)                                 \
+    {                                                                                               \
+        *item = init;                                                                               \
+        if (rb->write != rb->read) {                                                                \
+            *item    = rb->buffer[rb->read];                                                        \
+            rb->read = step_rb_##name(rb, rb->read);                                                \
+        }                                                                                           \
+    }                                                                                               \
+    static inline void get_rb_##name(rb_##name##_t *rb, unsigned index, type *item)                 \
+    {                                                                                               \
+        if (index < rb->size)                                                                       \
+            *item = rb->buffer[index];                                                              \
+    }
+
+#undef RING_BUFFER_ALLOC
+#undef RING_BUFFER_FREE

libc/inc/sched.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file sched.h
 /// @brief Structures and functions for managing the scheduler.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #include "sys/types.h"
@@ -22,8 +21,23 @@ typedef struct sched_param_t {
     bool_t is_periodic;
 } sched_param_t;
 
+/// @brief Sets scheduling parameters.
+/// @param pid pid of the process we want to change the parameters. If zero,
+/// then the parameters of the calling process are set.
+/// @param param The interpretation of the argument param depends on the
+/// scheduling policy of the thread identified by pid.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
 int sched_setparam(pid_t pid, const sched_param_t *param);
 
+/// @brief Gets scheduling parameters.
+/// @param pid pid of the process we want to retrieve the parameters. If zero,
+/// then the parameters of the calling process are returned.
+/// @param param The interpretation of the argument param depends on the
+/// scheduling policy of the thread identified by pid.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
 int sched_getparam(pid_t pid, sched_param_t *param);
 
-int waitperiod();
+/// @brief Placed at the end of an infinite while loop, stops the process until,
+/// its next period starts. The calling process must be a periodic one.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+int waitperiod(void);

libc/inc/signal.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file signal.h
 /// @brief Signals definition.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/stdarg.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file stdarg.h
 /// @brief Contains the macros required to manage variable number of arguments.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/stdbool.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file stdbool.h
 /// @brief Defines the boolean values.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/stddef.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file stddef.h
 /// @brief Define basic data types.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -69,3 +68,13 @@ typedef unsigned int pgprot_t;
 /// Returns the alignment, in bytes, of the specified type.
 #define alignof(type) offsetof( \
     struct { char c; type member; }, member)
+
+/// Counts the number of elements of an array.
+#define count_of(x) ((sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0])) / ((size_t)(!(sizeof(x) % sizeof((x)[0])))))
+
+#define swap(a, b)             \
+    do {                       \
+        typeof(a) temp = (a);  \
+        (a)            = (b);  \
+        (b)            = temp; \
+    } while (0)

libc/inc/stdint.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file stdint.h
 /// @brief Standard integer data-types.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/stdio.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file stdio.h
 /// @brief Standard I/0 functions.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@
 #define SEEK_CUR 1 ///< The file offset is set to its current location plus offset bytes.
 #define SEEK_END 2 ///< The file offset is set to the size of the file plus offset bytes.
 
+#ifndef __KERNEL__
 /// @brief Writes the given character to the standard output (stdout).
 /// @param character The character to send to stdout.
 void putchar(int character);
@@ -30,18 +30,17 @@ void putchar(int character);
 /// @brief Writes the string pointed by str to the standard output (stdout)
 ///        and appends a newline character.
 /// @param str The string to send to stdout.
-void puts(char *str);
+void puts(const char *str);
 
 /// @brief Returns the next character from the standard input (stdin).
 /// @return The character received from stdin.
-int getchar();
+int getchar(void);
 
 /// @brief Reads characters from the standard input (stdin).
 /// @param str Where the characters are stored.
 /// @return The string received from standard input.
 char *gets(char *str);
 
-#ifndef __KERNEL__
 /// @brief Same as getchar but reads from the given file descriptor.
 /// @param fd The file descriptor from which it reads.
 /// @return The read character.
@@ -108,7 +107,6 @@ int vsprintf(char *str, const char *fmt, va_list args);
 /// @return On success, the function returns the number of items of the
 ///         argument list successfully filled. EOF otherwise.
 int scanf(const char *fmt, ...);
-#endif
 
 /// @brief Read formatted data from string.
 /// @param str String processed as source to retrieve the data.
@@ -118,7 +116,6 @@ int scanf(const char *fmt, ...);
 ///         argument list successfully filled. EOF otherwise.
 int sscanf(const char *str, const char *fmt, ...);
 
-#ifndef __KERNEL__
 /// @brief The same as sscanf but the source is a file.
 /// @param fd  The file descriptor associated with the file.
 /// @param fmt  Format string, following the same specifications as printf.
@@ -126,4 +123,8 @@ int sscanf(const char *str, const char *fmt, ...);
 /// @return On success, the function returns the number of items of the
 ///         argument list successfully filled. EOF otherwise.
 int fscanf(int fd, const char *fmt, ...);
-#endif
+#endif
+
+/// @brief Prints a system error message.
+/// @param s the message we prepend to the actual error message.
+void perror(const char *s);

libc/inc/stdlib.h

@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file stdlib.h
 /// @brief Useful generic functions and macros.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
 
+#ifndef __KERNEL__
+
 #include "stddef.h"
 
+#define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 ///< Successful execution of a program.
+#define EXIT_FAILURE 1 ///< Unsuccessful execution of a program.
+
 /// @brief Returns the number of usable bytes in the block pointed to by ptr.
 /// @param ptr The pointer for which we want to retrieve the usable size.
 /// @return The number of usable bytes in the block of allocated memory
@@ -39,19 +43,8 @@ void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
 /// @param ptr The pointer to the allocated memory.
 void free(void *ptr);
 
-/// The maximum value returned by the rand function.
-#define RAND_MAX ((1U << 31U) - 1U)
-
-/// @brief Allows to set the seed of the random value generator.
-/// @param x The new seed.
-void srand(int x);
-
-/// @brief Generates a random value.
-/// @return The random value.
-int rand();
-
 /// @brief Cause an abnormal program termination with core-dump.
-void abort();
+void abort(void);
 
 /// @brief Tries to adds the variable to the environment.
 /// @param name      Name of the variable.
@@ -69,3 +62,38 @@ int unsetenv(const char *name);
 /// @param name Name of the variable.
 /// @return A pointer to the value, or NULL if there is no match.
 char *getenv(const char *name);
+
+#endif
+
+/// The maximum value returned by the rand function.
+#define RAND_MAX ((1U << 31U) - 1U)
+
+/// @brief Allows to set the seed of the random value generator.
+/// @param x The new seed.
+void srand(unsigned x);
+
+/// @brief Generates a random unsigned integer between 0 and RAND_MAX.
+/// @return the random value.
+unsigned rand(void);
+
+/// @brief Generates a random floating point number between 0 and 1.
+/// @return the random value.
+float randf(void);
+
+/// @brief Generates a random integer between lb and ub.
+/// @param lb the lower-bound value.
+/// @param ub the upper-bound value.
+/// @return the random value.
+int randint(int lb, int ub);
+
+/// @brief Generates a random unsigned between lb and ub.
+/// @param lb the lower-bound value.
+/// @param ub the upper-bound value.
+/// @return the random value.
+unsigned randuint(unsigned lb, unsigned ub);
+
+/// @brief Generates a random float between lb and ub.
+/// @param lb the lower-bound value.
+/// @param ub the upper-bound value.
+/// @return the random value.
+float randfloat(float lb, float ub);

libc/inc/strerror.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file strerror.h
 /// @brief Contains the function that transfornms an errno into a string.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/string.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file string.h
 /// @brief String routines.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -171,6 +170,15 @@ char *strtok(char *str, const char *delim);
 /// should be NULL, and saveptr should be unchanged since the previous call.
 char *strtok_r(char *str, const char *delim, char **saveptr);
 
+/// @brief Parses the string using the separator, and at each call it saves the
+/// parsed token in buffer. The pointer `string` will be modified.
+/// @param string cursor used to parse the string, it will be modified.
+/// @param separators the list of separators we are using.
+/// @param buffer the buffer where we save the parsed token.
+/// @param buflen the length of the buffer.
+/// @return 1 if we still have things to parse, 0 if we finished parsing.
+int tokenize(const char *string, char *separators, size_t *offset, char *buffer, ssize_t buflen);
+
 /// @brief Copies the values of num bytes from the location pointed by source
 /// to the memory block pointed by destination.
 /// @param dst Pointer to the destination array where the content is to be
@@ -308,4 +316,4 @@ char *replace_char(char *str, char find, char replace);
 ///        referenced by p.
 /// @param mode File mode that encodes access permissions and file type.
 /// @param p    Buffer used to hold the string representation of file mode m.
-void strmode(mode_t mode, char *p);
+void strmode(mode_t mode, char *p);

libc/inc/sys/bitops.h

@@ -1,41 +1,50 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file bitops.h
 /// @brief Bitmasks functions.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
 
-#define bit_set(V, B)          ((V) | (1U << (B)))   ///< Sets the given bit.
+#define bit_set(V, B)              ((V) | (1U << (B)))                                   ///< Sets the given bit.
-#define bit_clear(V, B)        ((V) & ~(1U << (B)))  ///< Clears the given bit.
+#define bit_clear(V, B)            ((V) & ~(1U << (B)))                                  ///< Clears the given bit.
-#define bit_flip(V, B)         ((V) ^ (1U << (B)))   ///< Flips the given bit.
+#define bit_flip(V, B)             ((V) ^ (1U << (B)))                                   ///< Flips the given bit.
-#define bit_set_assign(V, B)   ((V) |= (1U << (B)))  ///< Sets the given bit, permanently.
+#define bit_check(V, B)            ((V) & (1U << (B)))                                   ///< Checks if the given bit is 1.
-#define bit_clear_assign(V, B) ((V) &= ~(1U << (B))) ///< Clears the given bit, permanently.
+#define bit_toggle(V, B, C)        ((C) ? bit_set(V, B) : bit_clear(V, B))               ///< Sets the given bit based on control bit C.
-#define bit_flip_assign(V, B)  ((V) ^= (1U << (B)))  ///< Flips the given bit, permanently.
+#define bit_set_assign(V, B)       ((V) |= (1U << (B)))                                  ///< Sets the given bit, permanently.
-#define bit_check(V, B)        ((V) & (1U << (B)))   ///< Checks if the given bit is 1.
+#define bit_clear_assign(V, B)     ((V) &= ~(1U << (B)))                                 ///< Clears the given bit, permanently.
+#define bit_flip_assign(V, B)      ((V) ^= (1U << (B)))                                  ///< Flips the given bit, permanently.
+#define bit_toggle_assign(V, B, C) ((C) ? bit_set_assign(V, B) : bit_clear_assign(V, B)) ///< Sets the given bit based on control bit C.
 
 #define bitmask_set(V, M)          ((V) | (M))   ///< Sets the bits identified by the mask.
 #define bitmask_clear(V, M)        ((V) & ~(M))  ///< Clears the bits identified by the mask.
 #define bitmask_flip(V, M)         ((V) ^ (M))   ///< Flips the bits identified by the mask.
+#define bitmask_check(V, M)        ((V) & (M))   ///< Checks if the bits identified by the mask are all 1.
 #define bitmask_set_assign(V, M)   ((V) |= (M))  ///< Sets the bits identified by the mask, permanently.
 #define bitmask_clear_assign(V, M) ((V) &= ~(M)) ///< Clears the bits identified by the mask, permanently.
 #define bitmask_flip_assign(V, M)  ((V) ^= (M))  ///< Flips the bits identified by the mask, permanently.
-#define bitmask_check(V, M)        ((V) & (M))   ///< Checks if the bits identified by the mask are all 1.
 
 /// @brief Finds the first bit at zero, starting from the less significative bit.
+/// @param value the value we need to analyze.
+/// @return the position of the first zero bit.
 static inline int find_first_zero(unsigned long value)
 {
-    for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i)
+    for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
-        if (!bit_check(value, i))
+        if (!bit_check(value, i)) {
             return i;
+        }
+    }
     return 0;
 }
 
 /// @brief Finds the first bit not zero, starting from the less significative bit.
+/// @param value the value we need to analyze.
+/// @return the position of the first non-zero bit.
 static inline int find_first_non_zero(unsigned long value)
 {
-    for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i)
+    for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
-        if (bit_check(value, i))
+        if (bit_check(value, i)) {
             return i;
+        }
+    }
     return 0;
-}
+}

libc/inc/sys/dirent.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file dirent.h
 /// @brief Functions used to manage directories.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -22,22 +21,23 @@ enum {
     DT_WHT     = 14
 };
 
+/// @brief Characters describing the direactory entry.
 static const char dt_char_array[] = {
     '?', // DT_UNKNOWN = 0,
-    'p', //DT_FIFO = 1,
+    'p', // DT_FIFO = 1,
-    'c', //DT_CHR  = 2,
+    'c', // DT_CHR  = 2,
     '*',
-    'd', //DT_DIR  = 4,
+    'd', // DT_DIR  = 4,
     '*',
-    'b', //DT_BLK  = 6,
+    'b', // DT_BLK  = 6,
     '*',
-    '-', //DT_REG  = 8,
+    '-', // DT_REG  = 8,
     '*',
-    'l', //DT_LNK  = 10,
+    'l', // DT_LNK  = 10,
     '*',
-    's', //DT_SOCK = 12,
+    's', // DT_SOCK = 12,
     '*',
-    '?', //DT_WHT  = 14
+    '?', // DT_WHT  = 14
 };
 
 /// Directory entry.
@@ -47,4 +47,4 @@ typedef struct dirent_t {
     unsigned short d_reclen; ///< Length of this linux_dirent.
     unsigned short d_type;   ///< type of the directory entry.
     char d_name[NAME_MAX];   ///< Filename (null-terminated)
-} dirent_t;
+} dirent_t;

libc/inc/sys/errno.h

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file errno.h
 /// @brief System call errors definition.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
 
-extern int *__geterrno();
+extern int *__geterrno(void);
 
 /// Provide easy access to the error number.
 #define errno (*__geterrno())
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ extern int *__geterrno();
 #define ENOEXEC         8 ///< Exec format error.
 #define EBADF           9 ///< Bad file number.
 #define ECHILD          10 ///< No child processes.
-#define EAGAIN          11 ///< Try again.
+#define EAGAIN          11 ///< Resource temporarily unavailable.
 #define ENOMEM          12 ///< Out of memory.
 #define EACCES          13 ///< Permission denied.
 #define EFAULT          14 ///< Bad address.

libc/inc/sys/ioctl.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file ioctl.h
 /// @brief Input/Output ConTroL (IOCTL) functions.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -12,4 +11,4 @@
 /// @param request The device-dependent request code
 /// @param data    An untyped pointer to memory.
 /// @return Return value depends on REQUEST. Usually -1 indicates error.
-int ioctl(int fd, unsigned long int request, void *data);
+int ioctl(int fd, unsigned long int request, void *data);

libc/inc/sys/ipc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/// @file ipc.h
+/// @brief Inter-Process Communication (IPC) structures.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "sys/types.h"
+#include "stddef.h"
+
+#define IPC_CREAT  01000 ///< Create key if key does not exist.
+#define IPC_EXCL   02000 ///< Fail if key exists.
+#define IPC_NOWAIT 04000 ///< Return error on wait.
+#define IPC_RMID   0     ///< Remove identifier.
+#define IPC_SET    1     ///< Set `ipc_perm' options.
+#define IPC_STAT   2     ///< Get `ipc_perm' options.
+#define IPC_INFO   3     ///< See ipcs.
+
+#define IPC_PRIVATE ((key_t)0) ///< assures getting a new ipc_key.
+
+/// @brief Permission details of an IPC object.
+struct ipc_perm {
+    /// Key associated to the IPC.
+    key_t key;
+    /// Effective UID of owner.
+    uid_t uid;
+    /// Effective GID of owner.
+    gid_t gid;
+    /// Effective UID of creator.
+    uid_t cuid;
+    /// Effective GID of creator.
+    gid_t cgid;
+    /// Permissions.
+    unsigned short mode;
+    /// Sequence number.
+    unsigned short __seq;
+};
+
+/// @brief Returns a possible IPC key based upon the filepath and the id.
+/// @param path The file path.
+/// @param id the project id.
+/// @return the IPC key.
+key_t ftok(char *path, int id);

libc/inc/sys/kernel_levels.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/// @file   kernel_levels.h
+/// @brief
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+// Integer equivalents of KERN_<LEVEL>
+#define LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT (-1) ///< default-level messages.
+#define LOGLEVEL_EMERG   0    ///< system is unusable.
+#define LOGLEVEL_ALERT   1    ///< action must be taken immediately.
+#define LOGLEVEL_CRIT    2    ///< critical conditions.
+#define LOGLEVEL_ERR     3    ///< error conditions.
+#define LOGLEVEL_WARNING 4    ///< warning conditions.
+#define LOGLEVEL_NOTICE  5    ///< normal but significant condition.
+#define LOGLEVEL_INFO    6    ///< informational.
+#define LOGLEVEL_DEBUG   7    ///< debug-level messages.

libc/inc/sys/list_head.h

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/// @file list_head.h
+/// @brief
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "stddef.h"
+
+/// @brief Structure used to implement the list_head data structure.
+typedef struct list_head {
+    /// @brief The previous element.
+    struct list_head *prev;
+    /// @brief The subsequent element.
+    struct list_head *next;
+} list_head;
+
+/// @brief Get the struct for this entry.
+/// @param ptr    The &list_head pointer.
+/// @param type   The type of the struct this is embedded in.
+/// @param member The name of the list_head within the struct.
+#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) container_of(ptr, type, member)
+
+/// @brief Iterates over a list.
+/// @param pos the name of the iterator used to visit the list.
+/// @param head the head for your list.
+#define list_for_each(pos, head) \
+    for ((pos) = (head)->next; (pos) != (head); (pos) = (pos)->next)
+
+/// @brief Iterates over a list safe against removal of list entry.
+/// @param pos the name of the iterator used to visit the list.
+/// @param store another list iterator to use as temporary storage.
+/// @param head the head for your list.
+#define list_for_each_safe(pos, store, head)                           \
+    for ((pos) = (head)->next, (store) = (pos)->next; (pos) != (head); \
+         (pos) = (store), (store) = (pos)->next)
+
+/// @brief Iterates over a list, but declares the iterator.
+/// @param pos the name of the iterator used to visit the list.
+/// @param head the head for your list.
+#define list_for_each_decl(pos, head) \
+    for (list_head * (pos) = (head)->next; (pos) != (head); (pos) = (pos)->next)
+
+/// @brief Iterates over a list backwards.
+/// @param pos the name of the iterator used to visit the list.
+/// @param head the head for your list.
+#define list_for_each_prev(pos, head) \
+    for ((pos) = (head)->prev; (pos) != (head); (pos) = (pos)->prev)
+
+/// @brief Iterates over a list backwards, but declares the iterator.
+/// @param pos the name of the iterator used to visit the list.
+/// @param head the head for your list.
+#define list_for_each_prev_decl(pos, head) \
+    for (list_head * (pos) = (head)->prev; (pos) != (head); (pos) = (pos)->prev)
+
+/// @brief Initializes the list_head.
+/// @param head The head of your list.
+static inline void list_head_init(list_head *head)
+{
+    head->next = head->prev = head;
+}
+
+/// @brief Tests whether the given list is empty.
+/// @param head The list to check.
+/// @return 1 if empty, 0 otherwise.
+static inline int list_head_empty(const list_head *head)
+{
+    return head->next == head;
+}
+
+/// @brief Computes the size of the list.
+/// @param head The head of the list.
+/// @return the size of the list.
+static inline unsigned list_head_size(const list_head *head)
+{
+    unsigned size = 0;
+    if (!list_head_empty(head)) {
+        list_for_each_decl(it, head) size += 1;
+    }
+    return size;
+}
+
+/// @brief Insert the new entry after the given location.
+/// @param new_entry the new element we want to insert.
+/// @param location the element after which we insert.
+static inline void list_head_insert_after(list_head *new_entry, list_head *location)
+{
+    // We store the old `next` element.
+    list_head *old_next = location->next;
+    // We insert our element.
+    location->next = new_entry;
+    // We update the `previous` link of our new entry.
+    new_entry->prev = location;
+    // We update the `next` link of our new entry.
+    new_entry->next = old_next;
+    // We link the previously `next` element to our new entry.
+    old_next->prev = new_entry;
+}
+
+/// @brief Insert the new entry before the given location.
+/// @param new_entry the new element we want to insert.
+/// @param location the element after which we insert.
+static inline void list_head_insert_before(list_head *new_entry, list_head *location)
+{
+    // We store the old `previous` element.
+    list_head *old_prev = location->prev;
+    // We link the old `previous` element to our new entry.
+    old_prev->next = new_entry;
+    // We update the `previous` link of our new entry.
+    new_entry->prev = old_prev;
+    // We update the `next` link of our new entry.
+    new_entry->next = location;
+    // Finally, we close the link with the old insertion location element.
+    location->prev = new_entry;
+}
+
+/// @brief Removes the given entry from the list it is contained in.
+/// @param entry the entry we want to remove.
+static inline void list_head_remove(list_head *entry)
+{
+    // Check if the element is actually in a list.
+    if (!list_head_empty(entry)) {
+        // We link the `previous` element to the `next` one.
+        entry->prev->next = entry->next;
+        // We link the `next` element to the `previous` one.
+        entry->next->prev = entry->prev;
+        // We initialize the entry again.
+        list_head_init(entry);
+    }
+}
+
+/// @brief Removes an element from the list, it's used when we have a possibly
+/// null list pointer and want to pop an element from it.
+/// @param head the head of the list.
+/// @return a list_head pointing to the element we removed, NULL on failure.
+static inline list_head *list_head_pop(list_head *head)
+{
+    // Check if the list is not empty.
+    if (!list_head_empty(head)) {
+        // Store the pointer.
+        list_head *value = head->next;
+        // Remove the element from the list.
+        list_head_remove(head->next);
+        // Return the pointer to the element.
+        return value;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/// @brief Append the `secondary` list at the end of the `main` list.
+/// @param main the main list where we append the secondary list.
+/// @param secondary the secondary list, which gets appended, and re-initialized as empty.
+static inline void list_head_append(list_head *main, list_head *secondary)
+{
+    // Check that both lists are actually filled with entries.
+    if (!list_head_empty(main) && !list_head_empty(secondary)) {
+        // Connect the last element of the main list to the first one of the secondary list.
+        main->prev->next = secondary->next;
+        // Connect the first element of the secondary list to the last one of the main list.
+        secondary->next->prev = main->prev;
+
+        // Connect the last element of the secondary list to our main.
+        secondary->prev->next = main;
+        // Connect our main to the last element of the secondary list.
+        main->prev = secondary->prev;
+
+        // Re-initialize the secondary list.
+        list_head_init(secondary);
+    }
+}
+
+/// @brief Replaces entry1 with entry2, entry1 will be removed from the list.
+/// @param entry1 the first entry to remove.
+/// @param entry2 the second entry which will take the place of the first entry.
+static inline void list_head_replace(list_head *entry1, list_head *entry2)
+{
+    // First we need to remove the second entry.
+    list_head_remove(entry2);
+    // Then, we can place second entry where the first entry is.
+    entry2->next       = entry1->next;
+    entry2->next->prev = entry2;
+    entry2->prev       = entry1->prev;
+    entry2->prev->next = entry2;
+    // Re-initialize the first entry.
+    list_head_init(entry1);
+}
+
+/// @brief Swaps entry1 and entry2 inside the list.
+/// @param entry1 the first entry.
+/// @param entry2 the second entry.
+static inline void list_head_swap(list_head *entry1, list_head *entry2)
+{
+    list_head *pos = entry2->prev;
+    list_head_replace(entry1, entry2);
+    if (pos == entry1) {
+        pos = entry2;
+    }
+    list_head_insert_after(entry1, pos);
+}

libc/inc/sys/list_head_algorithm.h

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/// @file list_head_algorithm.h
+/// @author Enrico Fraccaroli (enry.frak@gmail.com)
+/// @brief Some general algorithm that might come in handy while using list_head.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "list_head.h"
+
+/// @brief list_head comparison function.
+typedef int (*list_head_compare)(const list_head *, const list_head *);
+
+/// @brief -
+/// @param list
+/// @param compare
+static inline void list_head_sort(list_head *list, list_head_compare compare)
+{
+    list_head *current = NULL, *index = NULL, *next = NULL;
+    // Check whether list is empty
+    if (!list_head_empty(list)) {
+        // Keeps track if we need to restart the outer loop.
+        int restart = 0;
+        // Current will point to head
+        for (current = list->next; current->next != list;) {
+            // Save pointer to next.
+            next = current->next;
+            // Reset restart flag.
+            restart = 0;
+            // Index will point to node next to current
+            for (index = current->next; index != list; index = index->next) {
+                // If current's data is greater than index's data, swap the data of
+                // current and index
+                if (compare(current, index)) {
+                    list_head_swap(index, current);
+                    restart = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            // Check if we need to restart.
+            if (restart) {
+                current = list->next;
+            } else {
+                current = next;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

libc/inc/sys/mman.h

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/// @file mman.h
+/// @author Enrico Fraccaroli (enry.frak@gmail.com)
+/// @brief Functions for managing mappings in virtual address space.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "stddef.h"
+
+#define PROT_READ  0x1 ///< Page can be read.
+#define PROT_WRITE 0x2 ///< Page can be written.
+#define PROT_EXEC  0x4 ///< Page can be executed.
+
+#define MAP_SHARED  0x01 ///< The memory is shared.
+#define MAP_PRIVATE 0x02 ///< The memory is private.
+
+#ifndef __KERNEL__
+
+void *mmap(void *addr, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
+
+int munmap(void *addr, size_t length);
+
+#else
+
+void *sys_mmap(void *addr, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
+
+int sys_munmap(void *addr, size_t length);
+
+#endif

libc/inc/sys/msg.h

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/// @file msg.h
+/// @brief Definition of structure for managing message queues.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "sys/ipc.h"
+#include "stddef.h"
+#include "sys/types.h"
+#include "time.h"
+
+/// The maximum size for a message text.
+#define MSGMAX 8192
+/// The default maximum size in bytes of a message queue.
+#define MSGMNB 16384
+
+/// Specify that we should not treat as an error if the message we are trying to
+/// return to the user, is too big. That message will be truncated to fit the
+/// user-defined reading buffer. If not specified, the message is kept in the
+/// queue, and an error is returned.
+#define MSG_NOERROR 010000
+
+/// @brief Buffer to use with the message queue IPC.
+struct msgbuf {
+    /// Type of the message.
+    long mtype;
+    /// Text of the message.
+    char mtext[1];
+};
+
+/// Keeps track of a stored message.
+struct msg {
+    /// Pointer to the next message on queue.
+    struct msg *msg_next;
+    /// The type of message.
+    long msg_type;
+    /// Pointer to the beginning of the message.
+    char *msg_ptr;
+    /// The length of the message.
+    size_t msg_size;
+};
+
+/// @brief Message queue data structure.
+struct msqid_ds {
+    /// Ownership and permissions.
+    struct ipc_perm msg_perm;
+    /// Time of last msgsnd(2).
+    time_t msg_stime;
+    /// Time of last msgrcv(2).
+    time_t msg_rtime;
+    /// Time of creation or last modification by msgctl().
+    time_t msg_ctime;
+    /// Number of bytes in queue.
+    unsigned short msg_cbytes;
+    /// Number of messages in queue.
+    unsigned short msg_qnum;
+    /// Maximum number of bytes in queue.
+    unsigned short msg_qbytes;
+    /// PID of last msgsnd(2).
+    pid_t msg_lspid;
+    /// PID of last msgrcv(2).
+    pid_t msg_lrpid;
+};
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+
+/// @brief Initializes the message queue system.
+/// @return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
+int msq_init(void);
+
+/// @brief Get a System V message queue identifier.
+/// @param key can be used either to obtain the identifier of a previously
+/// created message queue, or to create a new set.
+/// @param msgflg controls the behaviour of the function.
+/// @return the message queue identifier, -1 on failure, and errno is set to
+/// indicate the error.
+int sys_msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);
+
+/// @brief Used to send messages.
+/// @param msqid the message queue identifier.
+/// @param msgp points to a used-defined msgbuf.
+/// @param msgsz specifies the size in bytes of mtext.
+/// @param msgflg specifies the action to be taken in case of specific events.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+int sys_msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);
+
+/// @brief Used to receive messages.
+/// @param msqid the message queue identifier.
+/// @param msgp points to a used-defined msgbuf.
+/// @param msgsz specifies the size in bytes of mtext.
+/// @param msgtyp specifies the type of message requested, as follows:
+/// - msgtyp == 0: the first message on the queue is received.
+/// - msgtyp  > 0: the first message of type, msgtyp, is received.
+/// - msgtyp  < 0: the first message of the lowest type that is less than or
+///                equal to the absolute value of msgtyp is received.
+/// @param msgflg specifies the action to be taken in case of specific events.
+/// @return the number of bytes actually copied on success, -1 on failure and
+/// errno is set to indicate the error.
+ssize_t sys_msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp, int msgflg);
+
+/// @brief Message queue control operations.
+/// @param msqid the message queue identifier.
+/// @param cmd The command to perform.
+/// @param buf used with IPC_STAT and IPC_SET.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+int sys_msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf);
+
+#else
+
+/// @brief Get a System V message queue identifier.
+/// @param key can be used either to obtain the identifier of a previously
+/// created message queue, or to create a new set.
+/// @param msgflg controls the behaviour of the function.
+/// @return the message queue identifier, -1 on failure, and errno is set to
+/// indicate the error.
+int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);
+
+/// @brief Used to send messages.
+/// @param msqid the message queue identifier.
+/// @param msgp points to a used-defined msgbuf.
+/// @param msgsz specifies the size in bytes of mtext.
+/// @param msgflg specifies the action to be taken in case of specific events.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);
+
+/// @brief Used to receive messages.
+/// @param msqid the message queue identifier.
+/// @param msgp points to a used-defined msgbuf.
+/// @param msgsz specifies the size in bytes of mtext.
+/// @param msgtyp specifies the type of message requested, as follows:
+/// - msgtyp == 0: the first message on the queue is received.
+/// - msgtyp  > 0: the first message of type, msgtyp, is received.
+/// - msgtyp  < 0: the first message of the lowest type that is less than or
+///                equal to the absolute value of msgtyp is received.
+/// @param msgflg specifies the action to be taken in case of specific events.
+/// @return the number of bytes actually copied on success, -1 on failure and
+/// errno is set to indicate the error.
+ssize_t msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp, int msgflg);
+
+/// @brief Message queue control operations.
+/// @param msqid the message queue identifier.
+/// @param cmd The command to perform.
+/// @param buf used with IPC_STAT and IPC_SET.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+int msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf);
+
+#endif

libc/inc/sys/reboot.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file reboot.h
 /// @brief Defines the values required to issue a reboot.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/sys/sem.h

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/// @file sem.h
+/// @brief Definition of structure for managing semaphores.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "sys/types.h"
+#include "stddef.h"
+#include "sys/ipc.h"
+#include "time.h"
+
+#define SEM_UNDO 0x1000 ///< Undo the operation on exit.
+
+/// @defgroup SemaphoreCommands semctl commands
+/// @brief List of commands for semctl function.
+/// @{
+
+#define GETPID   11 ///< Get sempid.
+#define GETVAL   12 ///< Get semval.
+#define GETALL   13 ///< Get all semval's.
+#define GETNCNT  14 ///< Get semncnt.
+#define GETZCNT  15 ///< Get semzcnt.
+#define SETVAL   16 ///< Set semval.
+#define SETALL   17 ///< Set all semval's.
+#define SEM_STAT 18 ///< Return a semid_ds structure.
+#define SEM_INFO 19 ///< Return a seminfo structure.
+
+/// }@
+
+#define SEM_SET_MAX 256
+
+/// @brief Optional argument for semctl() function
+union semun {
+    /// @brief Value for SETVAL.
+    int val;
+    /// @brief Buffer for IPC_STAT & IPC_SET.
+    struct semid_ds *buf;
+    /// @brief Array for GETALL & SETALL.
+    unsigned short *array;
+    /// @brief Buffer for IPC_INFO.
+    struct seminfo *__buf;
+};
+
+/// @brief Single Semaphore.
+struct sem {
+    /// @brief Process ID of the last operation.
+    pid_t sem_pid;
+    /// @brief Semaphore Value.
+    unsigned short sem_val;
+    /// @brief Number of processes waiting for the semaphore.
+    unsigned short sem_ncnt;
+    /// @brief Number of processes waiting for the value to become 0.
+    unsigned short sem_zcnt;
+};
+
+/// @brief Semaphore set
+struct semid_ds {
+    /// @brief Ownership and permissions.
+    struct ipc_perm sem_perm;
+    /// @brief Last semop time.
+    time_t sem_otime;
+    /// @brief Last change time.
+    time_t sem_ctime;
+    /// @brief Number of semaphores in set.
+    unsigned short sem_nsems;
+};
+
+/// @brief Buffer to use with the semaphore IPC.
+struct sembuf {
+    /// @brief Semaphore index in array.
+    unsigned short sem_num;
+    /// @brief Semaphore operation.
+    short sem_op;
+    /// @brief Operation flags.
+    short sem_flg;
+};
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+
+/// @brief Initializes the semaphore system.
+/// @return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
+int sem_init(void);
+
+/// @brief Get a System V semaphore set identifier.
+/// @param key can be used either to obtain the identifier of a previously
+/// created semaphore set, or to create a new set.
+/// @param nsems number of semaphores.
+/// @param semflg controls the behaviour of the function.
+/// @return the semaphore set identifier, -1 on failure, and errno is set to
+/// indicate the error.
+long sys_semget(key_t key, int nsems, int semflg);
+
+/// @brief Performs operations on selected semaphores in the set.
+/// @param semid the semaphore set identifier.
+/// @param sops specifies operations to be performed on single semaphores.
+/// @param nsops number of operations.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+long sys_semop(int semid, struct sembuf *sops, unsigned nsops);
+
+/// @brief Performs control operations on a semaphore set.
+/// @param semid the semaphore set identifier.
+/// @param semnum the n-th semaphore of the set on which we perform the operations.
+/// @param cmd the command to perform.
+/// @param arg
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+long sys_semctl(int semid, int semnum, int cmd, union semun *arg);
+
+#else
+
+/// @brief Get a System V semaphore set identifier.
+/// @param key can be used either to obtain the identifier of a previously
+/// created semaphore set, or to create a new set.
+/// @param nsems number of semaphores.
+/// @param semflg controls the behaviour of the function.
+/// @return the semaphore set identifier, -1 on failure, and errno is set to
+/// indicate the error.
+long semget(key_t key, int nsems, int semflg);
+
+/// @brief Performs operations on selected semaphores in the set.
+/// @param semid the semaphore set identifier.
+/// @param sops specifies operations to be performed on single semaphores.
+/// @param nsops number of operations.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+long semop(int semid, struct sembuf *sops, unsigned nsops);
+
+/// @brief Performs control operations on a semaphore set.
+/// @param semid the semaphore set identifier.
+/// @param semnum the n-th semaphore of the set on which we perform the operations.
+/// @param cmd the command to perform.
+/// @param arg
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+long semctl(int semid, int semnum, int cmd, union semun *arg);
+
+#endif

libc/inc/sys/shm.h

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/// @file shm.h
+/// @brief Definition of structure for managing shared memories.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// See LICENSE.md for details.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "sys/types.h"
+#include "stddef.h"
+#include "sys/ipc.h"
+#include "time.h"
+
+/// Data type for storing the number of attaches.
+typedef unsigned long shmatt_t;
+
+/// @brief Shared memory data structure.
+struct shmid_ds {
+    /// Operation permission struct.
+    struct ipc_perm shm_perm;
+    /// Size of segment in bytes.
+    size_t shm_segsz;
+    /// Time of last attach.
+    time_t shm_atime;
+    /// Time of last detach.
+    time_t shm_dtime;
+    /// Time of last change.
+    time_t shm_ctime;
+    /// Pid of creator.
+    pid_t shm_cpid;
+    /// Pid of last operator.
+    pid_t shm_lpid;
+    /// Number of current attaches.
+    shmatt_t shm_nattch;
+};
+
+#if 0
+
+#include "debug.h"
+#include "time.h"
+#include "kheap.h"
+#include "stddef.h"
+#include "paging.h"
+#include "syscall.h"
+#include "scheduler.h"
+
+//======== Permission flag for shmget ==========================================
+// or S_IRUGO from <linux/stat.h>.
+#define SHM_R      0400
+
+// or S_IWUGO from <linux/stat.h>.
+#define SHM_W      0200
+//==============================================================================
+
+//======== Commands for shmctl =================================================
+// Lock segment (root only).
+#define SHM_LOCK   11
+
+// Unlock segment (root only).
+#define SHM_UNLOCK 12
+//==============================================================================
+
+// Ipcs ctl commands.
+#define SHM_STAT   13
+
+#define SHM_INFO 14
+
+#define SHM_STAT_ANY  15
+
+//======== shm_mode upper byte flags ===========================================
+// segment will be destroyed on last detach.
+#define SHM_DEST      01000
+
+// Segment will not be swapped.
+#define SHM_LOCKED    02000
+
+// Segment is mapped via hugetlb.
+#define SHM_HUGETLB   04000
+
+// Don't check for reservations.
+#define SHM_NORESERVE 010000
+
+#endif
+
+#define SHM_RDONLY 010000  ///< Attach read-only else read-write.
+#define SHM_RND    020000  ///< Round attach address to SHMLBA.
+#define SHM_REMAP  040000  ///< Take-over region on attach.
+#define SHM_EXEC   0100000 ///< Execution access.
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+
+/// @brief Initializes the shared memory.
+/// @return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
+int shm_init(void);
+
+/// @brief Get a System V shared memory identifier.
+/// @param key can be used either to obtain the identifier of a previously
+/// created shared memory, or to create a new one.
+/// @param size of the shared memory, rounded up to a multiple of PAGE_SIZE.
+/// @param shmflg controls the behaviour of the function.
+/// @return the shared memory identifier, -1 on failure, and errno is set to
+/// indicate the error.
+long sys_shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int shmflg);
+
+/// @brief Attaches the shared memory segment identified by shmid to the address
+/// space of the calling process.
+/// @param shmid the shared memory identifier.
+/// @param shmaddr the attaching address.
+/// @param shmflg controls the behaviour of the function.
+/// @return returns the address of the attached shared memory segment; on error
+/// (void *) -1 is returned, and errno is set to indicate the error.
+void *sys_shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg);
+
+/// @brief Detaches the shared memory segment located at the address specified
+/// by shmaddr from the address space of the calling process
+/// @param shmaddr the address of the shared memory segment.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+long sys_shmdt(const void *shmaddr);
+
+/// @brief Performs the control operation specified by cmd on the shared memory
+/// segment whose identifier is given in shmid.
+/// @param shmid the shared memory identifier.
+/// @param cmd the command to perform.
+/// @param buf is a pointer to a shmid_ds structure.
+/// @return a non-negative value basedon on the requested operation, -1 on
+/// failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+long sys_shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);
+
+#else
+
+/// @brief Get a System V shared memory identifier.
+/// @param key can be used either to obtain the identifier of a previously
+/// created shared memory, or to create a new one.
+/// @param size of the shared memory, rounded up to a multiple of PAGE_SIZE.
+/// @param shmflg controls the behaviour of the function.
+/// @return the shared memory identifier, -1 on failure, and errno is set to
+/// indicate the error.
+long shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int shmflg);
+
+/// @brief Attaches the shared memory segment identified by shmid to the address
+/// space of the calling process.
+/// @param shmid the shared memory identifier.
+/// @param shmaddr the attaching address.
+/// @param shmflg controls the behaviour of the function.
+/// @return returns the address of the attached shared memory segment; on error
+/// (void *) -1 is returned, and errno is set to indicate the error.
+void *shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg);
+
+/// @brief Detaches the shared memory segment located at the address specified
+/// by shmaddr from the address space of the calling process
+/// @param shmaddr the address of the shared memory segment.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+long shmdt(const void *shmaddr);
+
+/// @brief Performs the control operation specified by cmd on the shared memory
+/// segment whose identifier is given in shmid.
+/// @param shmid the shared memory identifier.
+/// @param cmd the command to perform.
+/// @param buf is a pointer to a shmid_ds structure.
+/// @return a non-negative value basedon on the requested operation, -1 on
+/// failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
+long shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);
+
+#endif

libc/inc/sys/stat.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file stat.h
 /// @brief Stat functions.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -32,4 +31,12 @@ int mkdir(const char *path, mode_t mode);
 /// @brief Removes the given directory.
 /// @param path The path to the directory to remove.
 /// @return Returns a negative value on failure.
-int rmdir(const char *path);
+int rmdir(const char *path);
+
+/// @brief Creates a new file or rewrite an existing one.
+/// @param path path to the file.
+/// @param mode mode for file creation.
+/// @return file descriptor number, -1 otherwise and errno is set to indicate the error.
+/// @details
+/// It is equivalent to: open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, mode)
+int creat(const char *path, mode_t mode);

libc/inc/sys/types.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file types.h
 /// @brief Collection of Kernel datatype
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/sys/unistd.h

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file unistd.h
 /// @brief Functions used to manage files.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include "sys/types.h"
-#include "sys/dirent.h"
 #include "stddef.h"
+#include "sys/dirent.h"
 
 #define STDIN_FILENO  0 ///< Standard input.
 #define STDOUT_FILENO 1 ///< Standard output.
@@ -26,16 +25,13 @@ ssize_t read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes);
 /// @param buf    The buffer collecting data to written.
 /// @param nbytes The number of bytes to write.
 /// @return       The number of written bytes.
-ssize_t write(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes);
+ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes);
 
-/// @brief          Opens the file specified by pathname.
+/// @brief Opens the file specified by pathname.
 /// @param pathname A pathname for a file.
-/// @param flags    Used to set the file status flags and file access modes
+/// @param flags file status flags and file access modes of the open file description.
-///                 of the open file description.
+/// @param mode the file mode bits be applied when a new file is created.
-/// @param mode     Specifies the file mode bits be applied when a new file
+/// @return file descriptor number, -1 otherwise and errno is set to indicate the error.
-///                 is created.
-/// @return         Returns a file descriptor, a small, nonnegative integer for
-///                 use in subsequent system calls.
 int open(const char *pathname, int flags, mode_t mode);
 
 /// @brief Close a file descriptor.
@@ -58,13 +54,26 @@ off_t lseek(int fd, off_t offset, int whence);
 /// @return
 int unlink(const char *path);
 
+/// @brief Creates a symbolic link.
+/// @param linkname the name of the link.
+/// @param path the entity it is linking to.
+/// @return 0 on success, a negative number if fails and errno is set.
+int symlink(const char *linkname, const char *path);
+
+/// @brief Read the symbolic link, if present.
+/// @param file the file for which we want to read the symbolic link information.
+/// @param buffer the buffer where we will store the symbolic link path.
+/// @param bufsize the size of the buffer.
+/// @return The number of read characters on success, -1 otherwise and errno is set to indicate the error.
+int readlink(const char *path, char *buffer, size_t bufsize);
+
 /// @brief Wrapper for exit system call.
 /// @param status The exit status.
 extern void exit(int status);
 
 /// @brief Returns the process ID (PID) of the calling process.
 /// @return pid_t process identifier.
-extern pid_t getpid();
+extern pid_t getpid(void);
 
 ///@brief  Return session id of the given process.
 ///        If pid == 0 return the SID of the calling process
@@ -82,11 +91,24 @@ extern pid_t getsid(pid_t pid);
 ///       is made the same as its process ID).
 ///@return On success return SID of the session just created
 ///        Otherwise return -1 with errno : EPERM 
-extern pid_t setsid();
+extern pid_t setsid(void);
+
+///@brief returns the Process Group ID (PGID) of the process specified by pid.
+/// If pid is zero, the process ID of the calling process is used.
+/// @param pid process of which we want to know the PGID.
+/// @return the PGID of the specified process.
+pid_t getpgid(pid_t pid);
+
+/// @brief Sets the Process Group ID (PGID) of the process specified by pid.
+/// If pid is zero, the process ID of the calling process is used.
+/// @param pid process of which we want to set the PGID.
+/// @param pgid the PGID we want to set.
+/// @return returns zero. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.
+int setpgid(pid_t pid, pid_t pgid);
 
 ///@brief returns the group ID of the calling process.
 ///@return GID of the current process
-extern pid_t getgid();
+extern pid_t getgid(void);
 
 ///@brief sets the effective group ID of the calling process.
 ///@param pid process identifier to 
@@ -94,16 +116,26 @@ extern pid_t getgid();
 ///        Otherwise returns -1 with errno set to :EINVAL or EPERM  
 extern int setgid(pid_t pid);
 
+///@brief Returns the User ID of the calling process.
+///@return User ID of the current process.
+extern uid_t getuid(void);
+
+///@brief Sets the effective User ID of the calling process.
+///@param uid the new User ID.
+///@return On success, zero is returned.
+///        Otherwise returns -1 with errno set to :EINVAL or EPERM  
+extern int setuid(uid_t uid);
+
 /// @brief Returns the parent process ID (PPID) of the calling process.
 /// @return pid_t parent process identifier.
-extern pid_t getppid();
+extern pid_t getppid(void);
 
 /// @brief Clone the calling process, but without copying the whole address space.
 ///        The calling process is suspended until the new process exits or is
 ///        replaced by a call to `execve'.
 /// @return Return -1 for errors, 0 to the new process, and the process ID of
 ///         the new process to the old process.
-extern pid_t fork();
+extern pid_t fork(void);
 
 /// @brief Replaces the current process image with a new process image (argument list).
 /// @param path The absolute path to the binary file to execute.
@@ -203,11 +235,13 @@ char *getcwd(char *buf, size_t size);
 
 /// @brief Changes the current working directory to the given path.
 /// @param path The new current working directory.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
 int chdir(char const *path);
 
 /// @brief Is identical to chdir(), the only difference is that the
 ///        directory is given as an open file descriptor.
 /// @param fd The file descriptor of the open directory.
+/// @return 0 on success, -1 on failure and errno is set to indicate the error.
 int fchdir(int fd);
 
 /// Provide access to the directory entries.
@@ -217,7 +251,12 @@ int fchdir(int fd);
 /// @return On success, the number of bytes read is returned.  On end of
 ///         directory, 0 is returned.  On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set
 ///         appropriately.
-int getdents(int fd, dirent_t *dirp, unsigned int count);
+ssize_t getdents(int fd, dirent_t *dirp, unsigned int count);
 
 /// @brief Send signal to calling thread after desired seconds.
-int alarm(int seconds);
+/// @param seconds the amount of seconds.
+/// @return If there is a previous alarm() request with time remaining, alarm()
+/// shall return a non-zero value that is the number of seconds until the
+/// previous request would have generated a SIGALRM signal. Otherwise, alarm()
+/// shall return 0.
+unsigned alarm(int seconds);

libc/inc/sys/utsname.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file utsname.h
 /// @brief Functions used to provide information about the machine & OS.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once

libc/inc/sys/wait.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-///                MentOS, The Mentoring Operating system project
 /// @file wait.h
 /// @brief Event management functions.
-/// @copyright (c) 2014-2021 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
+/// @copyright (c) 2014-2024 This file is distributed under the MIT License.
 /// See LICENSE.md for details.
 
 #pragma once